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Material Type: Exam; Professor: Lulay; Class: Materials Science; Subject: Engineering; University: University of Portland; Term: Spring 2008;
Typology: Exams
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EGR 221- Materials Science Final Exam Review Sheet, 2008
Final exam will be CLOSED BOOK, CLOSED NOTES, NO CALCULATOR.
Determine planes and directions in cubic systems given the Miller indices, and visa versa
Be able to explain how and why the following can affect strength: impurities (solid solutions), precipitates, grain boundary/grain size
Be able to explain what causes dislocations to move, what inhibits them from moving, and what direction they move in a crystal (slip systems).
Be able to describe (in words) the following mechanical properties and be able to determine them from a stress-strain curve: yield strength, tensile strength, toughness, ductility, Young’s modulus. Be able to describe (in words) the following mechanical properties and briefly describe testing used to determine them: hardness, Poisson’s ratio.
Be able to read phase diagrams and determine compositions of phases and determine how much of each phase is present given overall composition and temperature – and visa versa. This includes determining amounts of pearlite and proeutectoid ferrite or cementite that may be present based on overall composition of plain carbon steel.
Be able to describe the following microstructures in steel (how are they created, what are their morphologies, relative hardness/strength, toughness/ductility): austenite, pearlite, bainite, martensite, spheroidite, tempered martensite. Need be able to use a Time-Temperature-Transformation diagram (TTT diagram, a.k.a. isothermal diagram) to determine which of the above microstructures would be formed based off a given cooling history.
Be able to describe the difference between hardening mechanisms of steel (such as formation of martensite) and precipitation heat treating of aluminum alloys.
Understand the microstructural differences between thermosetting and thermoplastic polymers (linear/branched vs. crosslinked/networked). Understand the general effect that temperature and strain rate have on strength, ductility and stiffness.
Understand the following types of corrosion well enough to explain how they are damaging and how they may be prevented: uniform attack, galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, pitting.
Additional Terminology:
crystal substitutional solid solution interstitial solid solution non-steady state diffusion (transient) steady state diffusion phase
free energy equilibrium metastable composition eutectic reaction (hint: “easily melted.” Definition: a reaction that upon cooling a liquid transforms isothermally into two solid phases). eutectoid reaction (hint: like eutectic, but different – “oid” means “like”, an android is human- like. Definition: a reaction that upon cooling one solid transforms isothermally into two new/different solid phases). elastic deformation plastic deformation isotropic (“iso” means same – same properties in all directions) anisotropic (“aniso” means not the same – properties are direction dependent)