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Bio3200: Human Physiology
March 24, 2016 Exam 3 [50 Qs]
Section 1: Complete sentence with one of the two words in square brackets. [A. /B.]
- [A. Bicuspid and tricuspid/B. Aortic and pulmonary] valves have chordae tendineae.
- [A. True/B. False] When alveolar pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure, air flows into the lungs.
- Electrical activation of the ventricles is represented by the [A. P-wave/B. QRS-wave] of an ECG.
- In a given capillary bed, [A. vasodilation/B. vasoconstriction] will occur when local metabolism
increases.
- The size of the pressure gradient is [A. different/ B. the same] between pulmonary and systemic
sides.
- When a region of the lung becomes hypoxic, the small arteries feeding the area will [A. constrict/B.
dilate].
- [A. True/B. False] Changes in blood flow distribution among organs is brought about by changes in
mean arterial pressure.
- Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as [A. carbaminohemoglobin/B. bicarbonate
ions].
- During normal quiet breathing, when the inspiratory muscles relax, the rib cage returns to its
original position as a result of [A. elastic recoil/B. expiratory muscle contraction].
- The amount of blood in the ventricle available to be pumped out of the heart during the next
contraction is termed the [A. end-diastolic volume (EDV)/B. end-systolic volume (ESV)].
- If the volume of a gas mixture doubles, the pressure [A. is halved/ B. doubles].
- [A. Thrombin/B. Prothrombin] is normally present in circulating blood.
- Vascular smooth muscle cells are under a state of [A. tonic/ B. phasic] regulation.
- The [A. partial pressure/B. concentration] gradient is the more important parameter governing
movement of carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveoli.
- In hemostasis, vasoconstriction is rapidly followed by mechanical blockage of the hole by a [A.
RBC/B. platelet] plug.
Section 2: Multiple Choice. Select single best answer based on Physiology.
- A hemoglobin molecule is composed of
A. just two protein chains.
B. four protein chains and four heme groups.
C. just four protein chains
D. just three protein chains.
E. two protein chains and two heme groups.
- In respiring tissues, a rise in blood PCO2 causes all of the following EXCEPT
A. a rise in the concentration of carbaminohemoglobin
B. a rise in bicarbonate concentration
C. an increase in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
D. an increase in H+ ion concentration
E. an increase in hemoglobin unloading of oxygen
- In the following cartoon, the heart is outlined as a dotted line with major blood vessels indicated. The
system of autorhythmic cells (Purkinje fibers) is shown as solid lines. Based on this diagram, which
of the following statements is FALSE?
A. The conduction of Purkinje fiber action potentials is very fast at position 3.
B. The AV node is at position 4 and it relays depolarization to the ventricles.
C. Action potentials within the Purkinje system depolarize neighboring muscle cells.
D. The Purkinje fibers at position 1 depolarize before position 2.
E. Position 5 is the SA node that normally begins a heart beat.
- Put these phases of the cardiac cycle in the correct order.
- opening of the semilunar valves
- isovolumic contraction
- beginning of atrial systole
- closure of the AV valves
- completion of ventricular filling
- beginning of ventricular systole
- ventricular relaxation
- ventricular ejection
A. 3, 5, 6, 4, 2, 1, 8, 7
B. 4, 5, 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 6
C. 3, 5, 6, 1, 8, 4, 2, 7
D. 3, 2, 6, 1, 4, 5, 8, 7
E. 3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 8, 7, 1
- A respiratory physiologist has measured ventilation parameters for each of three subjects: Tidal
volume (TV) and Respiratory frequency (f). Each has a normal dead space volume (150 ml).
TV f
Jane: 300 ml 25/min
Alice: 600 ml 10/min
Ann: 800 ml 5/min
Which of the following statements accurately compares the alveolar ventilation in the three women?
A. Jane's is greater than Alice's, which is greater than Ann's.
B. Ann's is the largest; Alice's and Jane's are the same.
C. Jane's is the smallest; Ann's and Alice's are the same.
D. Ann's is greater than Alice's, which is greater than Jane's.
E. Alice's is greater than Jane's, which is greater than Ann's.
- When the baroreceptor reflex is triggered by a decline in blood pressure,
A. sympathetic activity increases.
B. cardiac output increases.
C. peripheral resistance decreases.
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C
- Which of the following conditions would have the greatest effect on peripheral resistance?
A. doubling the length of a vessel
B. doubling the viscosity of the blood
C. doubling the turbulence of the blood
D. doubling the diameter of a vessel
E. doubling the number of white cells in the blood
- Which of the following is FALSE?
A. Gas exchange is a major function of the respiratory system.
B. The airway between the larynx and the primary bronchi is the trachea.
C. The walls of bronchioles include smooth muscle.
D. The exchange of gases between the alveoli and blood is an example of bulk flow.
E. The lungs are surrounded by the pleural sac.
- The flattening of the action potentials of myocardial contractile cells, called the plateau phase, is due
to a combination of Ca2+ __________ and K+__________.
A. efflux, influx
B. influx, efflux
C. influx, influx
D. efflux, efflux
E. none of the above
- Pulmonary ventilation refers to the
A. movement of dissolved gases from the blood to the interstitial space.
B. movement of air into and out of the lungs.
C. movement of dissolved gases from the interstitial space to the cells.
D. movement of dissolved gases from the alveoli to the blood.
E. movement of air into and out of the alveoli.
- Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than oxygen. To get the same amount of oxygen to dissolve
in plasma as carbon dioxide, you would have to
A. increase the rate of plasma flow through the lungs
B. decrease the temperature of the plasma.
C. decrease the partial pressure of nitrogen.
D. decrease the alveolar ventilation rate.
E. increase the partial pressure of oxygen.
- Based on the following diagram, which statement is CORRECT?
A. a typical value for A would be 1000 ml
B. C is the Inspiratory Reserve Volume
C. the Vital Capacity is the sum of C and E
D. B is the Expiratory Capacity,
E. D represents the residual volume
- When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,
A. expiration occurs.
B. the volume of the lungs decreases.
C. intrapleural pressure decreases.
D. intrapulmonary pressure increases.
E. all of the above
- The mean arterial pressure (MAP) is important because
A. it reflects the difference in time that systole lasts compared to diastole.
B. it represents the driving force for blood flow.
C. it represents the volume of blood flow.
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C
- Which of these will increase the heart rate?
A. sympathetic stimulation to the SA node
B. the application of epinephrine to the SA node
C. the application of acetylcholine to the SA node
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C
- Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Blood pressure increases if arterioles constrict.
B. The term for chronically elevated blood pressure is hypotension.
C. The colloid osmotic pressure is higher in the interstitial fluid than in the plasma.
D. Receptors that monitor blood pressure are called chemoreceptors.
E. When taking blood pressure, blood must be undergoing laminar flow through the vessel
to be heard through the stethoscope.
- The cell that is the progenitor of all the types of blood cells is called the
A. reticulocyte
B. committed progenitor stem cell.
C. megakaryocyte
D. pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell.
E. progenitor stem cell
- If Fred's peripheral resistance increases by 10%, what factor(s) could compensate in order to prevent
a change in his mean arterial pressure?
A. heart rate could increase
B. stroke volume could increase
C. cardiac output could decrease
D. A and B
E. A, B and C
- Action potentials in neurons in the inspiratory center of the medulla result in action potentials in the
____________ neurons to the diaphragm, which in turn cause ____________ of the muscle,
resulting in a/an in the volume of the thoracic cage.
A. parasympathetic; contraction; decrease
B. sympathetic; contraction; increase
C. somatic motor; contraction; increase
D. sympathetic; relaxation; increase
E. somatic motor; contraction; decrease
- The blood pressure in a vessel is 20 units at point A and 10 units at point B. One minute later, the
pressure is 15 units at point A and 5 units at point B. Flow between those points is ________.
A. increased
B. stopped
C. decreased
D. unchanged
E. can not tell from data presented
- Which of the following statements about blood is FALSE?
A. Plasma is mostly water.
B. A normal adult hematocrit would be around 45%.
C. When blood contacts injured tissue, clotting factors follow the extrinsic pathway.
D. Fibrinogen is the insoluble product forming a clot.
E. Calcium is an important co-factor used during coagulation.
- Under steady-state conditions, the rate at which oxygen enters pulmonary capillaries from alveolar air
is equal to the rate at which
A. carbon dioxide is produced in respiring tissue
B. oxygen is consumed in respiring tissue
C. carbon dioxide leaves the pulmonary capillaries and enters alveolar air.
D. oxygen is delivered to alveoli in inspired air
E. oxygen is carried out of the alveoli in expired air
- When distinguishing between alveolar and intrapleural pressures, which of the following is
INCORRECT?
A. The alveloar pressure equilibrates with atmospheric pressure during the respiratory
cycle.
B. Intrapleural pressure is the pressure within the pleural sac.
C. Changes in alveolar pressure drives the changes in intrapleural pressure.
D. Intrapleural pressure is always lower than atmospheric pressure,
E. Alveolar pressure is the pressure inside the alveoli.
- The graph below compares adult to fetal hemoglobin (Hb). Which of the following is CORRECT?
A. Fetal hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than maternal hemoglobin at a PO2 of
80 mm Hg.
B. At a PO2 of 40 mm Hg, the mother's Hb would released more oxygen to a 'hungry' cell.
C. If a worm lived in low oxygen mud flats, it would prefer to have the fetal form of Hb.
D. A and C
E. A, B and C
Answer Key for Test “Exam 3 W16 draft1 ”, 3/18/
No. in
Q-Bank
No. on
Test Correct Answer
14 115 1 A
17 39 2 B
14 6 3 B
15 10 4 A
14 12 5 B
18 40 6 A
15 116 7 B
18 58 8 B
17 47 9 A
14 133 10 A
17 167 11 A
16 5 12 B
15 1 13 A
18 22 14 A
16 63 15 B
18 99 16 B
18 86 17 C
14 221 18 D
14 208 19 A
14 212 20 B
18 73 21 D
14 21 22 D
14 62 23 D
17 147 24 E
15 54 25 D
15 58 26 D
17 166 27 D
14 40 28 B
17 4 29 B
18 23 30 E
17 165 31 B
17 22 32 C
15 33 33 B
14 64 34 D
15 42 35 B
14 207 36 C
16 66 37 A
15 164 38 E
18 25 39 C
14 187 40 A
15 165 41 A
16 23 42 D
14 211 43 C
17 67 44 C
15 163 45 D
16 89 46 D
18 84 47 B
17 158 48 C
18 101 49 E
14 217 50 D
Bio3200: Human Physiology
March 24, 2016 Exam 3 [50 Qs]
Section 1: Complete sentence with one of the two words in square brackets. [A. /B.]
- Electrical activation of the ventricles is represented by the [A. P-wave/B. QRS-wave] of an ECG.
- Vascular smooth muscle cells are under a state of [A. tonic/ B. phasic] regulation.
- [A. True/B. False] Changes in blood flow distribution among organs is brought about by changes in
mean arterial pressure.
- When a region of the lung becomes hypoxic, the small arteries feeding the area will [A. constrict/B.
dilate].
- Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as [A. carbaminohemoglobin/B. bicarbonate
ions].
- The [A. partial pressure/B. concentration] gradient is the more important parameter governing
movement of carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveoli.
- [A. True/B. False] When alveolar pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure, air flows into the lungs.
- [A. Thrombin/B. Prothrombin] is normally present in circulating blood.
- If the volume of a gas mixture doubles, the pressure [A. is halved/ B. doubles].
- [A. Bicuspid and tricuspid/B. Aortic and pulmonary] valves have chordae tendineae.
- The size of the pressure gradient is [A. different/ B. the same] between pulmonary and systemic
sides.
- In a given capillary bed, [A. vasodilation/B. vasoconstriction] will occur when local metabolism
increases.
- During normal quiet breathing, when the inspiratory muscles relax, the rib cage returns to its
original position as a result of [A. elastic recoil/B. expiratory muscle contraction].
- The amount of blood in the ventricle available to be pumped out of the heart during the next
contraction is termed the [A. end-diastolic volume (EDV)/B. end-systolic volume (ESV)].
- In hemostasis, vasoconstriction is rapidly followed by mechanical blockage of the hole by a [A.
RBC/B. platelet] plug.
Section 2: Multiple Choice. Select single best answer based on Physiology.
- Which one of the following best represents the relationship between a cardiac cell's action potential
(solid line) and its muscle contraction (dashed line)?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
- A hemoglobin molecule is composed of
A. four protein chains and four heme groups.
B. just three protein chains.
C. just four protein chains
D. two protein chains and two heme groups.
E. just two protein chains.
- The cell that is the progenitor of all the types of blood cells is called the
A. pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell.
B. progenitor stem cell
C. megakaryocyte
D. reticulocyte
E. committed progenitor stem cell.
- Reactive hyperemia is
A. increased blood pressure after stress.
B. reflex contraction of smooth muscle in response to stress.
C. increased blood flow following a period of reduced blood flow.
D. lack of blood flow due to an allergic reaction.
E. none of the above
- Rank order from lowest to highest the mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the following ladies:
Suzy with a blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg
Betty with a blood pressure of 130/95 mm Hg
Katy with a blood pressure of 125/65 mm Hg
A. Betty lower, Suzy and Katy the same and higher
B. Betty is less than Katy, who is less than Suzy
C. Suzy is less than Katy, who is less than Betty
D. Suzy and Katy are the same and lower than Betty
E. Katy is less than Suzy who is less than Betty
- Which of the following is FALSE?
A. The airway between the larynx and the primary bronchi is the trachea.
B. Gas exchange is a major function of the respiratory system.
C. The exchange of gases between the alveoli and blood is an example of bulk flow.
D. The walls of bronchioles include smooth muscle.
E. The lungs are surrounded by the pleural sac.
- Action potentials in neurons in the inspiratory center of the medulla result in action potentials in the
____________ neurons to the diaphragm, which in turn cause ____________ of the muscle,
resulting in a/an in the volume of the thoracic cage.
A. sympathetic; contraction; increase
B. parasympathetic; contraction; decrease
C. sympathetic; relaxation; increase
D. somatic motor; contraction; increase
E. somatic motor; contraction; decrease
- Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than oxygen. To get the same amount of oxygen to dissolve
in plasma as carbon dioxide, you would have to
A. increase the rate of plasma flow through the lungs
B. decrease the temperature of the plasma.
C. decrease the partial pressure of nitrogen.
D. increase the partial pressure of oxygen.
E. decrease the alveolar ventilation rate.
- The flattening of the action potentials of myocardial contractile cells, called the plateau phase, is due
to a combination of Ca2+ __________ and K+__________.
A. influx, efflux
B. efflux, influx
C. efflux, efflux
D. influx, influx
E. none of the above
- The blood pressure in a vessel is 20 units at point A and 10 units at point B. One minute later, the
pressure is 15 units at point A and 5 units at point B. Flow between those points is ________.
A. unchanged
B. decreased
C. stopped
D. increased
E. can not tell from data presented
- Which of these will increase the heart rate?
A. sympathetic stimulation to the SA node
B. the application of epinephrine to the SA node
C. the application of acetylcholine to the SA node
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C
- In the following cartoon, the heart is outlined as a dotted line with major blood vessels indicated. The
system of autorhythmic cells (Purkinje fibers) is shown as solid lines. Based on this diagram, which
of the following statements is FALSE?
A. The Purkinje fibers at position 1 depolarize before position 2.
B. Position 5 is the SA node that normally begins a heart beat.
C. Action potentials within the Purkinje system depolarize neighboring muscle cells.
D. The conduction of Purkinje fiber action potentials is very fast at position 3.
E. The AV node is at position 4 and it relays depolarization to the ventricles.
- All of the following statements about Ca2+ function in the heart are true EXCEPT :
A. Ca2+ is required for contraction.
B. Ca2+ is used to stimulate the opening of RynR in SR.
C. Ca2+ is used to stimulate the selective opening of heart valves
D. Ca2+ is used to create a pacemaker action potential.
E. Ca2+ is involved in establishing the absolute refractory period
- Pulmonary ventilation refers to the
A. movement of dissolved gases from the interstitial space to the cells.
B. movement of dissolved gases from the alveoli to the blood.
C. movement of air into and out of the lungs.
D. movement of dissolved gases from the blood to the interstitial space.
E. movement of air into and out of the alveoli.
- If Fred's peripheral resistance increases by 10%, what factor(s) could compensate in order to prevent
a change in his mean arterial pressure?
A. heart rate could increase
B. stroke volume could increase
C. cardiac output could decrease
D. A and B
E. A, B and C
- April thinks she has an abscessed tooth (a bacterial infection). If she does, what type of white blood
cell would you expect to see in elevated numbers in a differential count?
A. monocytes
B. eosinophils
C. neutrophils
D. basophils
E. lymphocytes
- When the baroreceptor reflex is triggered by a decline in blood pressure,
A. sympathetic activity increases.
B. cardiac output increases.
C. peripheral resistance decreases.
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C
- When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,
A. intrapulmonary pressure increases.
B. the volume of the lungs decreases.
C. intrapleural pressure decreases.
D. expiration occurs.
E. all of the above
- The following is a diagram of how CO 2
is carried in the blood. Based on this figure, which of the
following statements is TRUE?
A. Missing from this diagram is an interaction between the hydrogen ion (H+) and the
heme group of Hemoglobin that helps drive the reaction to the right.
B. At B, a membrane antiporter is used to exchange the bicarbonate ion for "g" a Cl- ion.
C. Approximately 70% of CO 2
is freely soluble in the plasma.
D. The product at the box labeled "A" should be H 2
CO
E. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reaction at f.
- The term that describes the volume of blood circulated by the heart in one minute is
A. stroke volume (SV).
B. cardiac output (CO).
C. end-systolic volume (ESV).
D. end-diastolic volume (EDV).
E. heart rate (HR).
- The following is a portion of the Wigger's diagram copied from the textbook, showing left ventricle
pressure (solid line), aorta pressure (dashed line) and atrial pressure (dot-dash line). Based on this
diagram, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The atrial muscle is contracting at position D.
B. Ventricular muscle is repolarizing at position B.
C. The bump at position E is due to ventricular contraction.
D. All valves associated with the heart are closed at both A and D.
E. Ventricular muscle is depolarizing at positions B and C.
Answer Key for Test “Exam 3 W16 draft1 ”, 3/18/
No. in
Q-Bank
No. on
Test Correct Answer
14 6 1 B
15 1 2 A
15 116 3 B
18 40 4 A
18 58 5 B
18 22 6 A
17 39 7 B
16 5 8 B
17 167 9 A
14 115 10 A
14 12 11 B
15 10 12 A
17 47 13 A
14 133 14 A
16 63 15 B
14 208 16 C
15 33 17 B
17 147 18 C
18 25 19 D
18 86 20 D
14 21 21 D
18 99 22 A
16 23 23 A
15 42 24 C
14 212 25 E
17 166 26 C
17 67 27 D
18 23 28 D
14 40 29 A
15 163 30 A
14 64 31 D
17 165 32 E
15 165 33 E
15 164 34 B
14 207 35 D
14 221 36 A
14 187 37 C
17 4 38 C
14 211 39 C
16 66 40 C
15 54 41 D
17 22 42 C
18 73 43 B
14 62 44 B
15 58 45 C
16 89 46 A
18 101 47 E
17 158 48 D
18 84 49 D
14 217 50 D
