Download Female Delinquency: Historical Perspectives and Theories - Prof. Roy L. Barnett and more Study notes Introduction to Sociology in PDF only on Docsity!
Female Delinquency - Lombrosso
% Women are inferior to men % Unable to feel pain % Characterized by a passive, conservative approach % Women are born with feminine characteristics that make them dull % Female criminal is more vicious
Female Delinquency - Cowie
% Over-development leads to early sex % Menstruation is a distressing reminder that they will never be men % Frustration leads to crime
Sigmund Freud - Penis Envy
% Girls feel deprived because they're not boys % Adapt? % Having a baby % Delinquents attempt to be a man
Female Delinquency - W.I. Thomas
% Boys have a certain force (katabolic, destructive) % Girls have an anabolic force (motionless, conservative) % The Unadjusted Girl % Desire for new experiences, security, recognition/response, sex used as a form of human capitol
Female Delinquency - Peter Bols
% Female delinquency is a sexual acting out % Revenge against the mother % Could be attempt to restore reality to an emotionally alienated girl
Female Delinquency - Otto Pollack
% Women committing crime but not caught % Women are inherently deceitful (instigators) % Women commit crimes in relation to their occupation % Chivalry could be occurring from police and judges
Blocked Opportunity Theory - Susan Datesman
% Limited opportunities more tied to females % All delinquents regarded their opportunity less positively compared to non-delinquents
Women's Liberation Movement - Freda Adler
% Adult women and juvenile crime is linked to opportunity % Girls have been instilled that they should have the same ambitions as boys % The opportunities are not there % Some girls may pick up on traditional male delinquency act
Women's Liberation Movement - Criticisms
% Mostly poor, minority women in crime (Crites) % Poor women always competing with men (Crites) % W.L.M no impact on women and crime (Steffensmeier) % Increase in crime started before late 60s % Increase in female crime is more of a social invention (Weis)
Social Control Theory
% Why are most of us not criminal? % We have ties to conventional/social order % We are attached to others (parents) % Commitment to other institutions (School) % Beliefs and involvement matter % Delinquent when attachment to social order is broken/weak
Peer Group Influence - Giordano
% Most likely scenarios for females to be delinquent % Female committing delinquent act in mixed gender group % Alone % Group of females % Pair of females % One girl and many boys % One boy
Peer Group Influence - Meers, Ploeger, and Warr
% Moral evaluation mattered most for girls % Slows down level of delinquency
Power Control Theory
% Mothers are gaining power relative to the husband % More women working outside the home % Patriarchal families are moving toward egalitarian
Family and Delinquency - Quality of Home
% Happiness of marriage was key factor of delinquency (Nye) % Good marital relationships and cohesiveness was key in preventing delinquency (Gluecks) % Parental love can act as a psychological anchor to conformity (Lagrange)
Family and Delinquency - Family Rejection (Rosen)
% Focuses on African-American boys % Study of boys in Philadelphia % Lower delinquency rates for African-American boys who had high interactions with father
Family and Delinquency - Broken Home (Wales and Rankin)
% Delinquency is 10-15% higher in broken home % Stronger for minor forms of delinquency % Stronger for families broken by divorce vs. death % Child's age at time of break up did not matter % No impact of step-parents
Family and Delinquency - Discipline in the Home (Nye)
% Strict, being lax, or unfair could all lead to delinquency % Disciplinary role of father mattered more
Family and Delinquency - Child Abuse and Neglect (Widom)
% 2 studies % 29% of abused and neglected children ended up with serious criminal records as adults % 21% of non-abused control group % Maltreated children ended up with more juvenile arrests % More likely arrested for violent crime % More serious delinquent careers
Family and Delinquency - Child Abuse and Neglect (Polansky)
% Looked at mothers accused of neglect % Apathetic-Futile Mother % emotionally numb to children % Impulse-ridden Mother % Restless and crazed excitement
% Mentally retarded Mother % Reaction-depressive Mother % Borderline/Psychotic Mother
Family and Delinquency - Child Abuse and Neglect (Straus)
% Myths of Corporal Punishment % Spanking is abuse % 90% of families use spanking % Does not seem to work short term but not long term % Negative impact long term % Mothers tend to hit more % No social class factors % Works as a cycle
Family and Delinquency - Child Abuse and Neglect (Age and Abuse)
Schools and Delinquency (Mann)
% Saw over 250 pupils receive 328 separate whippings in one week (in
Schools and Delinquency - Schools today
% Problems % Poor achievement % Lack of funding % Crime
Schools and Delinquency - Issues with Urban Schools
% Failure to provide a safe, orderly environment % Areas where there are high social problems % Authoritarian and repressive school atmospheres % Creates bored, frustrated, alienated kids
Schools and Delinquency - Eras of crime and violence in schools
% 1970s % Secondary school pupils experienced increasing theft and violence % 1980s % Teachers are subjects of assault % 1990s % Violent crimes at school increased
