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EXSS 288: Exam 1(Questions With Verified
Answers) Guaranteed pass 100%
what does the survival and recovery of critically injured or ill victims depend on?
- early recognition and response
- early activation of EMS system
- care provided until advanced medical personnel take over
- prehospital care
- hospital care
- rehabilitaion what are the types of EMTs? EMT-Basic EMT-Intermediate Paramedic what is sports medicine? broad field of medical practices related to physical activity and sport what does sports medicine generally focus on? performance enhancement or injury prevention and management
what is under the performance enhancement part of sports medicine?
- exercise physiology
- biomechanics
- sport psychology
- sports nutrition
- fitness training what is under the injury care and management part of sports management
- practice of medicine
- sports physical therapy
- athletic training
- massage therapy
- orthotist/prosthetists what are the primary players involved in the sports medicine team? physician, coach, athletic trainer, and the ATHLETE what is the primary responsibility of the athletic trainer? overseeing total health care for the athlete: injury prevention, providing initial first aid and injury management, evaluating injuries, and designing and supervising rehabilitation Should coaches be certified in CPR/AED? yes: NCAA required
Once the EAP has been developed, what are the 3 basic steps?
- Plan committed to writing
- Education (for the personnel)
- Emergency plan and procedures should be rehearsed What is the purpose of a pre-participation screening?
- to identify if an athlete is at risk of injury/illness prior to participating in a sport
- allow for comparisons if an injury does occur
- determine if disqualification from activity is warranted what is the cornerstone of the pre participation evaluation? medical and family history: cardiovascular screening, bone and joint screening, and medical questions what are the steps in an emergency?
- Size up the scene
- Perform a primary assessment
- Summon advanced medical personnel what are the life threatening conditions? severe bleeding, lack of pulse, lack of breathing, or unconsciousness what are the steps of the primary assessment? check responsiveness, check for breathing and a pulse, check for bleeding
how do you check responsiveness with the AVPU scale? Alert Verbal Painful Unresponsive how do you open the airway to check for breathing if a spinal injury is not suspected? head-tilt/chin-lift technique how do you open the airway if a spinal injury IS suspected? jaw-thrust maneuver How long should you check for breathing? No longer than 10 seconds what pulse do you check for in adults, children and infants? adults: carotid child: carotid infant: brachial if not breathing, how often should you give ventilations for adults, children and infants? adults: 1 every 5 sec children: 1 every 3 sec
What is standard of care? The minimum level of care Negligence? failure to follow standard of care, failure to provide care, provide care beyond scope of practice, inappropriate care, or failure to control behaviors to prevent further harm or injury Liability? being legally responsible for the harm one causes another person When is a person considered a Good Samaritan?
- The person is trying to help
- The rescuer's actions are reasonable
- The rescuer does not receive specific compensation for performing CPR When is consent implied? When a victim is unconscious, confused, or seriously ill, or if someone is a minor if guardian or parent is not present Refusal of Care? person refuses care, make sure to document!!
Battery? Unlawful, harmful, or offensive touching or a person without consent Examples of advanced directives? DNR Living Will Power of attorney What's the difference between respiratory distress and respiratory arrest? distress: difficulty breathing arrest: absence of breathing What is the typical rate for breathing? 12 - 16 bpm What are some signs of respiratory distress?
- slow-bradypnea/hypoventilation
- rapid-tachypnea/hyperventilation
- deep
- shallow
- abnormal breath sounds
- changes in level of consciousness
- increased heart rate-tachycardia
- skin- flushed, pale, ashen, moist
Where should an adult's head be positioned during rescue breathing? Extended past neutral Where should a child's head be positioned during rescue breathing? Extended past neutral, but not as far as an adult's would be Where should an infant's head be positioned during rescue breathing? Head position should be neutral What are typical PPE you should use in emergency situations? breathing barriers and gloves What are some types of breathing barriers? resuscitation mask, face shield, and bag-valve-mask What are the pros/cons of the face shield? pros: compact, easy to use, 1 way valve, protect from disease transmission cons: cannot be used with emergency oxygen Pros and cons of resuscitation mask?
Pros: improved air supply (both mouth and nose), improved seal, cheap and inexpensive, and protection from disease Cons: may not be the best seal possible Pros and cons of the bag-valve mask? Pros: increased oxygen to body Cons: usually used with 2 rescuers What are the steps to take for conscious choking?
- Obtain consent
- 5 Back blows
- 5 abdominal thrusts
- repeat back blows and abdominal thrusts until person stops choking or goes unconscious What are the steps to take for unconscious choking?
- Help lower victim to ground
- Tilt head and give ventilations
- Re-tilt head and give another ventilation
- If chest doesn't rise, give 30 compressions, check for an object, then 2 rescue breaths
- If chest still doesn't rise, repeat compressions and checking for object
- If ventilations make chest rise, check breathing and pulse for 10 sec What are the 3 main steps when approaching an emergency situation?
- Size up the scene
- Perform primary assessment
- Early advanced medical care What is the first thing to do when caring for a victim with a heart attack? Immediate EMS activation What is commotio cordis? When the heart suffers a direct blow about 10-30ms prior to the T wave What is the rate for compressions in CPR? 100 compressions per minute What are the differences between adult, child, and infant CPR? Adults and Children: depth of compressions should be 2 in Infants: depth of compressions should be 1 1/2 in Adults w/ 2 rescuers: 30 compressions, 2 ventilations Children and Infants w/ 2 rescuers: 15 compressions and 2 ventilations Infants: compressions with 2 fingers Adults and children: compressions with heel of hand and body weight What are the typical CPR cycles for 1 person CPR? 30 compressions and 2 ventilations for adults, children and infants
How often do you reassess for a pulse when providing CPR? NEVER: CPR will not restart a heart so the pulse will not come back What is the primary sign of a heart attack? Persistent chest pain or discomfort What does AED stand for and why is it important?
- Automatic External Defibrillator
- Can correct underlying problem: can re-establish an effective rhythm What are the most common abnormal heart rhythms that can be treated in cardiac arrest victims by defibrillation? Ventricular Fibrillation (disorganized electrical activity) Ventricular Tachycardia (very rapid contraction of ventricles)
