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Assignment 2: Feedback. • Distinctive features: Recap. • Phonological rules: Exercises. 2. 30/11/2020. Speech Science: Exercise 4 ...
Typology: Study notes
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30/11/ Bernd Möbius & Jacek Kudera Language Science and Technology, Saarland University
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● (^) Major class features ● (^) Laryngeal features ● (^) Manner of articulation features ● (^) Place of articulation features
● (^) Major class features [± consonant / ±cons] [± sonorant / ±son] [± syllabic / ±syl] ● (^) Laryngeal features ● (^) Manner of articulation features ● (^) Place of articulation features
Major class features [± consonant / ±cons] Produced with a major constriction [+cons] plosives /p, b/, fricatives /f, v/ affricates /t͡s/, nasals /m, n/ laterals /l/, trills /r/ flaps & taps /ɾ/ approximants /ɹ/ [-cons] vowels glides /j, w/
[± sonorant / ±son] [-son] plosives, affricates, fricatives, lagyngeals [+son] nasals, laterals, glides, vowels* (^) sonorants obstruents [+son] air pressure is equal on both sides of constriction* / Prominent sound** [-son] difference in air pressure caused by constriction / Less prominent sound Major class features
Major class features [±syllabic / ±syl] [+syl a segment can be a peak of a syllable] [-syl a segment cannot be a peak of a syllable] [+syl] vowels [-syl] consonants, semi-vowels
Major class features OBSTRUENTS NASALS LIQUIDS LARYNGEALS VOWELS GLIDES [±CONS] + + + - - -
[±SYLLABIC] - - - - + -
Laryngeal features [+voice] [-voice] → vibrating vocal folds /b, d, g, v/ /p, t, k, f/ [+asp] [-asp] → spread vocal folds /h, p h , t h / /p, t/ [+constr] [-constr] → constricted vocal folds ejectives, implosives /ʔ/ Source: The Cambridge Handbook of Phonology
● (^) Major class features ● (^) Laryngeal features ● (^) Manner of articulation features [±continuant / ±cont] [±nasal / ±nas] [±lateral / ±lat] [±strident] ● (^) Place of articulation features