Excelsior - NUR109 Foundations in Nursing Practice - Final Exam Review 2024, Exams of Nursing

Download Excelsior - NUR109 Foundations in Nursing Practice - Final Exam Review 2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NUR 109

Foundations in Nursing

Practice

FINAL EXAM REVIEW

1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a primary principle of patient- centered care? a) Technological interventions b) Disease-focused treatment c) Individualized care plans d) Standardized healthcare protocols Correct Answer: c) Individualized care plans Rationale: Patient-centered care emphasizes the customization of care to meet individual patient needs and preferences.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: The ________ model is a framework for understanding the multifaceted nature of patients' health and illness experiences. Correct Answer: Biopsychosocial Rationale: The biopsychosocial model considers biological, psychological, and social factors in health and illness.
3. True/False: The transtheoretical model of behavior change suggests that patients move through six stages of change. Correct Answer: True Rationale: The transtheoretical model outlines precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination as stages of change.

True/False: The nursing process consists of five steps: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Correct Answer: True Rationale: The nursing process is a systematic approach that guides nurses in providing patient-centered care. Fill-in-the-Blank: In the context of infection control, the __ of hand hygiene is essential to prevent the spread of healthcare-associated infections. Correct Answer: practice Rationale: Hand hygiene practice is a critical component of infection prevention strategies in healthcare settings. Multiple Response: Which of the following are considered ethical principles in nursing? (Select all that apply.) A) Autonomy B) Beneficence C) Non-maleficence D) Veracity Correct Answers: A) Autonomy, B) Beneficence, C) Non-maleficence, D) Veracity Rationale: All listed options represent fundamental ethical principles that guide nursing practice. Multiple Choice: What is the primary purpose of developing a care plan for a patient?

A) To provide a detailed history of the patient's illness B) To ensure continuity of care among healthcare providers C) To increase the cost of care D) To comply with hospital policy Correct Answer: B) To ensure continuity of care among healthcare providers Rationale: A care plan serves as a communication tool that ensures all providers are aware of the patient's needs and interventions. True/False: The term 'evidence-based practice' refers to the integration of the best available research with clinical expertise and patient values. Correct Answer: True Rationale: Evidence-based practice emphasizes the use of research evidence to inform clinical decision-making. Fill-in-the-Blank: The __ model is used in nursing to assess the impact of environmental factors on a patient's health. Correct Answer: ecological Rationale: The ecological model considers the interplay between individual, relationship, community, and societal factors in health and illness. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a key component of patient- centered care? A) Standardized treatment protocols

Multiple Choice: What is the primary focus of the Healthy People initiative? A) Reducing healthcare costs B) Promoting health and preventing disease C) Increasing hospital admissions D) Enhancing medical technology Correct Answer: B) Promoting health and preventing disease Rationale: The Healthy People initiative aims to improve the health of the nation through prevention strategies. Fill-in-the-Blank: The __ model of nursing emphasizes the importance of holistic care, addressing physical, emotional, and social needs. Correct Answer: holistic Rationale: Holistic nursing recognizes the interconnectedness of body, mind, and spirit in health care. Multiple Response: Which factors contribute to effective communication in nursing? (Select all that apply.) A) Active listening B) Empathy C) Use of medical jargon D) Nonverbal cues Correct Answers: A) Active listening, B) Empathy, D) Nonverbal cues

Rationale: Effective communication in nursing relies on active engagement and understanding, while medical jargon can create barriers. True/False: Pain management is solely the responsibility of the physician. Correct Answer: False Rationale: Pain management is a collaborative effort involving nurses and other healthcare providers to address patient needs. Multiple Choice: Which assessment technique is primarily used to evaluate a patient's respiratory status? A) Palpation B) Auscultation C) Percussion D) Inspection Correct Answer: B) Auscultation Rationale: Auscultation is the technique used to listen to lung sounds, providing critical information about respiratory function. Fill-in-the-Blank: The __ approach to nursing emphasizes the importance of understanding the patient's perspective and experiences. Correct Answer: phenomenological Rationale: The phenomenological approach focuses on the lived experiences of patients, informing holistic care.

Correct Answer: B) To facilitate a smooth transition to home or other care settings Rationale: Discharge planning aims to prepare patients for safe and effective transitions in care. Fill-in-the-Blank: The concept of __ refers to the ethical obligation to do no harm to patients. Correct Answer: non-maleficence Rationale: Non-maleficence is a core ethical principle guiding nursing practice, emphasizing the importance of avoiding harm.

1. Which nursing theory focuses primarily on the concept of interpersonal relationships?
   • A) Orem's Self-Care Theory
   • B) Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Theory
   • C) Roy's Adaptation Model
   • D) Henderson's Need Theory Correct Answer: B) Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Theory Rationale: Peplau's theory emphasizes the nurse-client relationship as a key component of the therapeutic process.
2. In the nursing process, what is the first step that involves data collection and assessment?
   • A) Diagnosis

• B) Planning
• C) Assessment
• D) Evaluation Correct Answer: C) Assessment Rationale: The nursing process begins with the assessment phase where data about the patient's health status is collected.

3. Which of the following is considered a primary source of data in nursing?

• A) Patient's family
• B) Medical records
• C) Patient's self-report
• D) Nurse's observations Correct Answer: C) Patient's self-report Rationale: The patient themselves is the best source of information regarding their symptoms and health history.

4. What is the official documentation called that includes a person's health history and health status?

• A) Medical record
• B) Nursing care plan
• C) Progress notes
• D) Assessment report

7. A documented summary of the patient's progress and nursing interventions is referred to as __________. Answer: Progress Notes Rationale: Progress notes are used to track the patient's condition over time and assess the effectiveness of nursing interventions.
8. The __________ ensures that a nurse is acting in accordance with established policies and procedures in their practice. Answer: Standard of Care Rationale: The Standard of Care defines the minimum acceptable level of care that a nurse should provide.
9. In therapeutic communication, the technique of repeating back what the patient said for clarity is known as __________. Answer: Reflective Listening Rationale: Reflective listening helps validate the patient's feelings and ensures understanding of their message.
10. The process of prioritizing patient needs based on urgency and importance is called __________. Answer: Triage Rationale: Triage is essential in nursing to determine the order of patient care based on the severity of conditions.

True/False Questions

11. True or False: The role of the nurse is strictly limited to providing physical care to patients. Correct Answer: False Rationale: Nurses also provide emotional support, education, and advocacy, in addition to physical care.
12. True or False: Intravenous fluid administration is considered a complex nursing intervention. Correct Answer: True Rationale: Administering IV fluids requires knowledge of anatomy, types of solutions, and monitoring for complications.
13. True or False: The nursing diagnosis is the same as a medical diagnosis. Correct Answer: False Rationale: Nursing diagnoses focus on patient responses to health conditions rather than identifying diseases, which is the purview of medical diagnoses.
14. True or False: A nurse’s commitment to lifelong education is a reflection of professional accountability. Correct Answer: True

17. In evidence-based practice, what sources of evidence can be utilized? (Select all that apply)
    • A) Clinical guidelines
    • B) Peer-reviewed journals
    • C) Case studies
    • D) Anecdotal experiences Correct Answers: A) Clinical guidelines, B) Peer-reviewed journals, C) Case studies Rationale: Reliable evidence comes from peer-reviewed and scientifically validated sources, while anecdotal experiences are less dependable.
18. Which of the following are considered vital signs? (Select all that apply)
    • A) Blood pressure
    • B) Heart rate
    • C) Body temperature
    • D) Respiratory rate Correct Answers: A) Blood pressure, B) Heart rate, C) Body temperature, D) Respiratory rate Rationale: All listed options are integral components of assessing a patient's vital signs.
19. What are the goals of patient education in nursing? (Select all that apply)

• A) Improve health outcomes
• B) Increase patient adherence to treatment plans
• C) Reduce the workload of nursing staff
• D) Empower patients to make informed decisions Correct Answers: A) Improve health outcomes, B) Increase patient adherence to treatment plans, D) Empower patients to make informed decisions Rationale: Patient education aims to enhance health knowledge and engagement but does not aim to reduce nursing workload.