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EXAMPLE REVIEW QUESTIONS
BIO 112: Organisms, Evolution, and Ecosystems Review 1 Instructions: This review is worth 100 points or 20% of your course grade. You may not consult any references or any other person while working on this review. You will likely need a calculator for this exam. Your signature at the top of the page signifies that the work is yours alone and is pledged under the Honor Code.
You will have 50 minutes to complete this review. Print legibly; I can only grade what I can read. For each question or part to a question, limit your answers to the space below each question, unless otherwise specified. You should read the questions very carefully and write clearly, completely, and concisely. Point values for each question are listed below.
I may have you define 10 terms (usually out of 12 or 13). Be as specific as possible but limit answer to the space provided (2 pts each).
Examples:
Parapatric speciation
Myriapod
Alfred Russel Wallace
Choanocytes
Artificial Selection
Coleoptera
Evolutionary Reversal
- When researchers observe populations that have large deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, they can safely dismiss which of the following mechanisms as the explanation for the deviation? A) Natural selection B) Gene flow C) Nonrandom mating D) Mutation E) None of the above F) B and C G) B and D
Short Answer. Please be complete and concise answering these questions. Point totals are listed by each question. Note: I usually have 3-4 short answer questions on the review.
- The yellow-rumped warbler was formerly split into two species (myrtle and Audubon’s warblers) but in 1973 was reclassified as a single species. “Myrtle” and “Audubon’s” warblers have largely allopatric ranges but hybridize where they are sympatric in the Canadian Rockies. They are similar in appearance but are readily distinguished by experienced bird watchers. What further data about these two forms should ornithologists collect and analyze to decide whether they should continue to be classified as a single species (15 points)?
- You’re a gastropod specialist, who is interested in terrestrial snails. Your focal population of Vertigo nylanderi consists of 2750 individuals. Usually V. nylanderi have barbed radular teeth; yet 495 snails from this population have teeth lacking barbs. Because you’re a snail expert, you know barbed teeth are dominant to unbarbed teeth. That is, unbarbed teeth represent a double dose of a mutant allele, depicted as tt. Assume no other alleles influence teeth barbs and that the population is at Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium.
A) What are the genotype frequencies of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals (3 points)?
B) What are phenotype frequencies in this population (3 points)?
C) Each female within the population lays 20 eggs after her second year of life and dies. Thirty percent of these eggs become breeding females. What will the resulting genotype frequencies in 85 generations (3 points)?
D) Now play the role of a misguided snail dictator, with “eugenic” ideals of improving the V. nylanderi race by eliminating those individuals with unbarbed teeth from the population. Will your efforts to improve the V. nylanderi race rid the population of the unbarbed alleles (3 points)?
E) Your misguided “snail cleansing” has lead to considerable frustration and you decide to wipe out the entire population! Luckily, you are stopped by the good people at the Woody Guthrie foundation before the population is extirpated. Unfortunately, a population bottleneck occurred and only four individuals survived: one female heterozygote and three males with unbarbed radular teeth. What are allele frequencies within the new population of V. nylanderi (2 points)?
