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Ecological study
A study is an epidemiological study in which the unit of analysis is a population rather than an individual.Example: It may look at the association between smoking and lung cancer deaths in different countries TERM 2
Case report
DEFINITION 2 In medicine, a case report is a detailed report of the symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. TERM 3
Case series
DEFINITION 3 is a medical research descriptive study that tracks patients with a known exposure given similar treatment or examines their medical records for exposure and outcome.Examines: their medical records for exposure and outcome. TERM 4
Cross-sectional study
DEFINITION 4 form a class of research methods that involve observation of all of a population, or a representative subset, at one specific point in time.Example: An example of a survey would be a questionaire that collects data on how parents feel about Internet filtering, as of March of 1999. TERM 5
Cohort study
DEFINITION 5 focus on a particular population, sampled and studied more than once.Example: For example, a sample of 1999 graduates of GSLIS at the University of Texas could be questioned regarding their attitudes toward paraprofessionals in libraries.
Case control study
It is typically used for retrospective studies, but can also be applied to prospective studies as well.Example: people with a disease (often, a specific diagnosis, perhaps lung cancer) are matched with people who do not have the disease TERM 7
Clinical trials
DEFINITION 7 are a set of procedures in medical research and drug development that are conducted to allow safety and efficacy data to be collected for health interventions (e.g., drugs, diagnostics, devices, therapy protocols). TERM 8
Randomization
DEFINITION 8 is the process of making something random; this means selecting a random sample of a population (important in statistical sampling). TERM 9
Non-Randomization
DEFINITION 9 Assigning equal numbers to treatments A and B based on what is best for the patient. TERM 10
blind
DEFINITION 10 an experiment is a scientific experiment where some of the people involved are prevented from knowing certain information that might lead to conscious or subconscious bias on their part, invalidating the results.Example: when evaluating the effectiveness of a medical drug, both the patients and the doctors who administer the drug may be kept in the dark about the dosage
adherence
In medicine, compliance (also adherence, concordance, or capacitance) describes the degree to which a patient correctly follows medical advice. TERM 17
iPrEx
DEFINITION 17 is the name of a clinical trial which showed that individuals who had a high risk of contracting HIV were less likely to contract HIV if they used a certain pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). TERM 18
Truvada
DEFINITION 18 Tenofovir/emtricitabine, trademark Truvada, is a fixed-dose combination of two antiretroviral drugs used for the treatment of HIV. TERM 19
HPTN
DEFINITION 19 The HIV Prevention Trials Network is an international organization that develops and tests the safety and efficacy of primarily non-vaccine interventions designed to prevent the transmission of HIV. TERM 20
CD
DEFINITION 20 CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of T helper cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells.
Multivariate analysis
Multivariate analysis is based on the statistical principle of multivariate statistics, which involves observation and analysis of more than one statistical variable at a time. TERM 22
feasibility
DEFINITION 22 A feasibility study is a process that defines exactly what a project is and what strategic issues need to be considered to assess its feasibility, or likelihood of succeeding. TERM 23
co-infection
DEFINITION 23 In parasitology, it is the term used to describe the simultaneous infection of a host by multiple pathogens. TERM 24
superinfection
DEFINITION 24 In virology, it is the process by which a cell, that has previously been infected by one virus, gets coinfected with a different strain of the virus, or another virus at a later point in time. TERM 25
USPHS
DEFINITION 25 The Public Health Service Act of 1944 structured the United States Public Health Service as the primary division of the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW), which later became the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
HIV-
he lower infectivity of HIV-2 compared to HIV-1 implies that fewer of those exposed to HIV-2 will be infected per exposure. Because of its relatively poor capacity for transmission. TERM 32
PALEOVIROLOGY
DEFINITION 32 Viral fossil is an informal term for pieces of genetic code of a virus in the genome of a modern-day host organism. TERM 33
Schizophrenia
DEFINITION 33 Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness. TERM 34
etiology
DEFINITION 34 Etiology is the study of causation, or origination. TERM 35
gyrification
DEFINITION 35 The cerebral cortex is a sheet of neural tissue that is outermost to the cerebrum of the mammalian brain.
Cingulate
The cingulate cortex is a part of the brain situated in the medial aspect of the cortex. TERM 37
Risperidone
DEFINITION 37 is a second generation or atypical antipsychotic, sold under the trade name (Risperdal).
