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Exam Study Guide: American History Since 1877 - World War I, New Era to Great Depression, Exams of United States History

Davidson CollegeUnited States History

World War 1, World War I, The Great War, New Era, Great Depression, 20's, Roaring 20's, Woodrow Wilson, 14 Points, Sedition Act, Espionage Act, Prohibition, Calvin Coolidge, Harlem Renaissance, Lost Generation, Herbert Hoover

Typology: Exams

2011/2012

Uploaded on 02/09/2012

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AMERICAN!HISTORY!SINCE!1877!
THE!GREAT!WAR,!NEW!ERA!TO!GREAT!DEPRESSION!
!
Chapter!22—World!War!I!
What!were!Woodrow!Wilson!policies!towards!Latin!America?!He!continued!the!Monroe!
policing!policy.!Military!intervention!in!Nicaragua,!Haiti,!DR,!Mexico.!
!
Why!did!WW!initially!favor!American!neutrality!during!WWI?!American!sentiment!was!that!
it!was!not!their!fight,!no!particular!interest!in!fighting.!How!did!the!German!U‐boat!
program!upset!WW’s!neutrality!policy?!Became!unrestricted!and!endangered!American!
freight!and!economic!development.!
!
Why!did!the!US!enter!WWI!in!1917?!Multiple!assaults!on!US!passenger!and!freight!ships!by!
the!Germans.!Why!did!it!take!so!long!for!American!troops!to!go!into!combat?!The!US!was!
not!ready!for!a!major!war,!and!it!took!a!long!time!to!mobilize!the!army.!What!happened!
when!US!troops!finally!entered!the!fray?!They!were!the!advantage!that!the!allies!needed!to!
win!the!war.!
!
How!did!the!government!organize!production!on!the!home!front!during!the!war?!War!
Industries!Board,!Rail,!Fuel,!Shipping!Admins,!etc.!Minimum!wage,!8!hour!day,!collective!
bargaining,!etc.!How!did!the!war!advance!the!cause!of!woman!suffrage?!They!came!into!
positions!previously!reserved!for!men,!and!served!the!nation.!They!had!increased!political!
power,!so!they!demanded!suffrage.!What!did!the!government!do!to!promote!loyalty!at!
home!during!the!war?!Stirred!up!patriotic!fever,!made!Committee!of!Public!Info,!headed!by!
Muckraking!journalist!George!Creel,!people!supported!it.!
!
What!were!the!14!Points?!Basis!for!European!peace,!no!secret!treaties,!freedom!of!seas,!no!
econ!barriers!to!free!trade,!reduction!of!weapons,!rights!of!colonized!peoples,!self!
determination,!and!LON.!What!were!WW’s!successes!and!failures!at!the!Paris!Peace!
conference?!Refusal!of!prominent!R’s,!Messiah!Complex.!Why!did!some!people!oppose!US!
membership!in!the!League?!They!did!not!want!to!have!to!be!dragged!into!the!European!
affairs!anymore.!Why!did!the!Senate!reject!League!membership?!Because!WW!was!
stubborn!and!would!not!accept!reservationists!changes.!
!
What!sort!of!unrest!rocked!the!US!in!the!aftermath!of!WWI?!Huge!inflation,!overstocking!of!
labor,!attacked!war!reforms,!huge!strikes,!etc.!What!was!the!“red!scare?”!Fear!of!
communism’s!spread!in!the!US,!because!of!its!development!in!Europe.!Espionage!Act,!
Sedition!Act.!Many!rights!violated.!Eugene!Debs!arrested.!
!
Why!did!African!Americans!begin!to!migrate!to!the!North!in!large!numbers!during!the!WWI!
era?!They!went!to!take!the!jobs!left!by!immigrants.!Why!did!Mexican!immigration!to!the!US!
increase!during!the!WWI!period?!Diaz!decimated!farmers!with!land!reforms,!and!civil!
revolt!killed!many,!wanted!to!leave.!Chinese!Exclusion,!many!jobs!for!Mexi’s.!
!
Chapter!23—From!New!Era!to!Great!Depression!
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Download Exam Study Guide: American History Since 1877 - World War I, New Era to Great Depression and more Exams United States History in PDF only on Docsity!

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1877

THE GREAT WAR, NEW ERA TO GREAT DEPRESSION

Chapter 22—World War I What were Woodrow Wilson policies towards Latin America? He continued the Monroe policing policy. Military intervention in Nicaragua, Haiti, DR, Mexico. Why did WW initially favor American neutrality during WWI? American sentiment was that it was not their fight, no particular interest in fighting. How did the German U‐boat program upset WW’s neutrality policy? Became unrestricted and endangered American freight and economic development. Why did the US enter WWI in 1917? Multiple assaults on US passenger and freight ships by the Germans. Why did it take so long for American troops to go into combat? The US was not ready for a major war, and it took a long time to mobilize the army. What happened when US troops finally entered the fray? They were the advantage that the allies needed to win the war. How did the government organize production on the home front during the war? War Industries Board, Rail, Fuel, Shipping Admins, etc. Minimum wage, 8 hour day, collective bargaining, etc. How did the war advance the cause of woman suffrage? They came into positions previously reserved for men, and served the nation. They had increased political power, so they demanded suffrage. What did the government do to promote loyalty at home during the war? Stirred up patriotic fever, made Committee of Public Info, headed by Muckraking journalist George Creel, people supported it. What were the 14 Points? Basis for European peace, no secret treaties, freedom of seas, no econ barriers to free trade, reduction of weapons, rights of colonized peoples, self determination, and LON. What were WW’s successes and failures at the Paris Peace conference? Refusal of prominent R’s, Messiah Complex. Why did some people oppose US membership in the League? They did not want to have to be dragged into the European affairs anymore. Why did the Senate reject League membership? Because WW was stubborn and would not accept reservationists changes. What sort of unrest rocked the US in the aftermath of WWI? Huge inflation, overstocking of labor, attacked war reforms, huge strikes, etc. What was the “red scare?” Fear of communism’s spread in the US, because of its development in Europe. Espionage Act, Sedition Act. Many rights violated. Eugene Debs arrested. Why did African Americans begin to migrate to the North in large numbers during the WWI era? They went to take the jobs left by immigrants. Why did Mexican immigration to the US increase during the WWI period? Diaz decimated farmers with land reforms, and civil revolt killed many, wanted to leave. Chinese Exclusion, many jobs for Mexi’s. Chapter 23—From New Era to Great Depression

What sort of economic policies were instituted by the conservative Republican administrations that dominated the 1920’s? High tariff, price supports for agro, unregulated private business. Coolidge – tax cuts for business and wealthy, FTC limitations, small “business government.” What sort of foreign policy initiatives did they pursue? Huge economic ties, Five‐Power Naval Treaty (Tonnage Restrictions on Navy), Kellogg‐Briand Pact (International Diplomacy), Dawes Plan (Loans to Germany) What is mass production? Separation into component, repetitive jobs on assembly line. What was welfare capitalism? Increased safety/sanitation, pensions, paid vacations to improve loyalty. How did consumer culture remake American society? Increased wealth of middle, upper classes increased expenditures on leisure, consumer goods, luxuries. Mass production=mass consumption, advertising and radio increased desire to buy. What was prohibition? Elimination of liquor sales. What impact did it have on American society? Increased organized crime, as syndicates took over bootlegging. Normal men became criminals by the thousands. Disrespect law, corrupt police, demoralized judiciary. Why was women’s political influence not as great as some had hoped in the 1920’s? Lack of experience, differing views, male domination, decreased need for gov protection for women with salaries. What was the “new woman” of the 1920’s? The flapper, the working woman who wanted salaries and clothes, style, etc. What was the Harlem Renaissance? Cultural revolution due to black migration to northern cities. Who were its major figures? W.E.B. DuBois, Garvey, Zora Neale Hurston, James Johnson, Langston Hughes. Who was Marcus Garvey? Black leader who criticized mainstream, NAACP, made UNIA. Espoused separation from white society. Who were some of the film, sport and musical celebrities who rose to prominence in the 1920’s? Louis Armstrong, Jelly Roll Morton, Duke Ellington, King Oliver, Bessie Smith, Ma Rainey. Baby Ruth, Jack Dempsey. What was the “Lost Generation?” Intellectuals who didn’t like culture of 1920’s, expatriates. Who were its major figures? Gertrude Stein, F. Scott, Hemingway, Sinclair Ferguson How did Congress change American immigration laws in the 1920’s? Shut door to them, Johnson‐Reid Act. What was the significance of the Sacco/Vanzetti case? Killed for being immigrants/radicals, MIT and Harvard panel accused judge of wrongdoing, yet killed them anyway. What was the Ku Klux Klan? Group for 100% Americanism. What was the significance of the Scopes Trial? Trial about teaching religion or Darwinism in school. Creation won battle. Lost war. How did ethnic and religious issues affect the election of 1928? Smith was Catholic, economy agreed, social issues difference. In what ways was Herbert Hoover a reformer? Wanted home and farm owners protected, limited gov‐business relationship. What were the signs of weakness in what appeared to be