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Audience Analysis
Systematic investigation of audience's behaviors, attitudes,
beliefs, and values.
TERM 2
Currency
DEFINITION 2
When a website was created and updated.
TERM 3
Mindfulness
DEFINITION 3
Conscientiouslyawareof what makes audience unique.
TERM 4
Researching
DEFINITION 4
Summarizing, evaluating, investigating
TERM 5
Support Material
DEFINITION 5
Credible resourcesexamples: Facts, Statistics, Quotes
Topic selection
An audience centered speech starts with this part of the
speech process.
TERM 7
Toast
DEFINITION 7
Entertaining tone followed with raising a glass.
TERM 8
General
Purpose
DEFINITION 8
Inform, persuade, accentuate an occasion
TERM 9
Working Outline
DEFINITION 9
Sketchused to keep you on track while researching.
TERM 10
Preparation Outline
DEFINITION 10
FormalDetailed, full-sentence outline of a speech.
Egocentrism
Tendency for an audience to be interested in the topics that
relate and matter to them.
TERM 17
Specific
Purpose
DEFINITION 17
Single statement combining the general purpose, specific
audience, and the speaker's objective.
TERM 18
Attitude
DEFINITION 18
Likes and Dislikes(opinion)
TERM 19
Belief
DEFINITION 19
True and FalseExample: The earth's seasons are caused by
its tilting on its axis.
TERM 20
Value
DEFINITION 20
Right and Wrong, Good and BadExamples:Independence,
wealth, education
Behavior
The reactions people have in response to stimuli related to
their attitudes, beliefs, and values.
TERM 22
Why should you use complete sentences in
outline?
DEFINITION 22
To gauge the length of your speech.
TERM 23
4 Parts of a Credible Working Outline
DEFINITION 23
1. Intro2. Body3. Conclusion4. Works Cited
TERM 24
3 Guidelines for Presentation Aids
DEFINITION 24
1. Establish their purpose2. Select the best type(what you're
comfortable with and suitable for speech)3. Determine how
to display them
TERM 25
Mythos
DEFINITION 25
Appeal to culture, history, groupDraws upon feelings of
patriotism, pride, and valor
Extemporaneous Speaking
Most desirablePrepared ahead of timeUse of eye contact
TERM 32
Manuscript Speaking
DEFINITION 32
Least desirableReading directly from a paperNo eye contact
TERM 33
Memorized Speaking
DEFINITION 33
Second least desirableWord for word from memory
TERM 34
Impromptu Speaking
DEFINITION 34
Speaking without any prep
TERM 35
Presentation Aids help audience do what?
DEFINITION 35
1. Visualize2. Understand Topic
Ad Hominem
Outright attack of the person and often involves name-
calling.
TERM 37
Straw Man
DEFINITION 37
Attack against the argument with a weaker, distorted version
of opponent's claim.
TERM 38
When asserting your claim you must do what?
DEFINITION 38
Narrow audience's options.
TERM 39
Idea Bank
DEFINITION 39
A list of general words and phrases that could be potential
speech topics.
TERM 40
Internet Research is Acceptable based on
what 4 things?
DEFINITION 40
1. Impartiality2. Currency3. Accuracy4. Responsibility
2 places to conduct research
1. Internet2. Library
TERM 47
Oral Style
DEFINITION 47
Characteristics1. Informal language2. Animated language3.
Simple sentence structure4. Personally tailored messages5.
Repetition and restatement
TERM 48
Repetition
DEFINITION 48
"I have a dream""I have a dream""I have a dream"
TERM 49
Appeal to Gain
DEFINITION 49
Trying to persuade someone by saying how they will benefit
from your position.
TERM 50
Proposition of Fact
DEFINITION 50
Answers "What is accurate or not?"
Proposition of Value
Answers "What has worth or importance? What is good, wise,
ethical, or beautiful?"
TERM 52
Proposition of Policy
DEFINITION 52
Answers "What procedures, plans, or courses of action need
to be terminated and/or implemented?"Can ask the audience
to immediately act or agree.
TERM 53
Internal Noise
DEFINITION 53
Physiological or psychological barrier to effective listening
that originates within the body or mind of the listener.
TERM 54
External Noise
DEFINITION 54
Barrier that originates outside of the listener's mind and
body, often caused by environmental or linguistic barriers.
TERM 55
What can you do as a speaker to help
audience deal with internal and external
noise?
DEFINITION 55
Internal Noise:Call on members, move around the room, or
vary delivery to prompt them to listen.External Noise:Stay
calm, pay attention the noises, be willing to adjust (such as
pausing for the noisy law mower).
Modern Appeals
Appeal to Gain: BenefitAppeal to Harmony: Make audience
uncomfortable, then tell them how they can resolve the
issue.Appeal to Commitment: Make audience committed by
having an interesting speech.
TERM 62
Claim
DEFINITION 62
Assertion made in an argument.
TERM 63
Proof
DEFINITION 63
Evidence
TERM 64
S.T.A.R Strategy
DEFINITION 64
S: start with something shocking (stat, story)T: tell a story
(60 seconds)A: ask a questionR: recite a quote (person must
be authoritative, in other words, have the right to say so)
TERM 65
Introduction Pattern
DEFINITION 65
Road map of points (preview)First, Second, Third
Speaking
Situation
Where and How Many?When and How Long?Why is your
audience gathered?
TERM 67
Different Processes of Audience
Analysis
DEFINITION 67
1. Basic Interview2. Surveys3. Research
TERM 68
Key ethics you are held to as a public speaker
DEFINITION 68
1. not forcing audience to agree with you2. being truthful3.
not hiding harmful arguments against you
TERM 69
Hasty Generalization
DEFINITION 69
Use of faulty inductive reasoning. Jump start to a point too
quickly without enough support materials.
TERM 70
Slippery Slope
DEFINITION 70
Argue that a relatively small event or step sets off a chain
reaction to a disaster.
