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Chemistry Practice Exam: Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria, Exercises of Chemistry

A practice exam for a chemistry course focusing on thermodynamics and phase equilibria. It includes multiple-choice questions, worked problems, and equations related to vapor pressure, intermolecular forces, boiling points, heat capacities, and solubility. The exam covers topics such as the behavior of water, intermolecular forces in organic compounds, and phase diagrams.

Typology: Exercises

2023/2024

Uploaded on 02/26/2024

chelsea-marshall
chelsea-marshall 🇺🇸

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Name Practice CWID Section ___________
Sections (Lab) 27561 (M AM), 27562, (M PM), 27563 (T PM), 27564 (W AM), 27565 (Th PM)
27567 (F, AM), 27571 (Th AM)
Chemistry 1515 F24
Hour Exam #1 (Blum)
Instructions: You may use a calculator. Only this top page (for multiple choice) and the
"show work" problems will be graded. Mark your letters clearly (UPPER CASE PLEASE).
If we can't easily determine your intention, it will be marked as incorrect. Multiple choice 4 pts
ea., show work problems 7 pts ea.
For multiple choice questions, answers elsewhere on these problems will not be graded.
#
Answer
#
Answer
#
Answer
1
7
13
2
8
14
3
9
15
4
10
16
5
11
17
6
12
18
Total
For worked problems – Show answer and your work on attached pages (not here). Make
sure your answers are clearly marked with a box and remember to include units.
#
Score
Score
Top Total
/72
19
Bottom Total
/28
20
Grand Total
/100
0 pts. The given name of the person called Pistol Pete was _____________________
Possibly useful constants: R=8.314 J/(k mol) = 0.08206 L atm/(K mol), NA = 6.022x10-23
Some constants for water. ρ (water) = 1.00 g/mL, Cp(solid) = 37.7 J/(molK), Cp(liquid) =75.4
J/(molK), ∆Hfusion = 6.01 kJ/mol, ∆Hvaporization = 40.7 kJ/mol, ∆Hsublimation = 51.1 kJ/mol (You may
assume that these are constant with temperature, hence CP.)
Equations: q = n Cp ∆T or q = m Cp ∆T; q = n ∆Hwhatever or q = m ∆Hwhatever
lnP!"#$% %=
'
∆'!"#$%
(
)
%× )
*%+ %const.
You need to derive equation for P1, P2, T1, T2
Amountgas = kHL Pgas; % mass = mass solute/total massx100%; XA = molA/(molA+molB);
m = moles solute/kg solvent; PA = XA•P°; Ptotal = PA + PB; (molA/molB)vap = PA/PB;
(XB)vap = PB/Ptotal; ∆Tf = -Kfm, ∆Tb = Kbm; πV = nRT;
for electrolytes modify with i=mol of species in soln./mol solute dissolved
Note: Be careful to distinguish between molality (m) and molarity (M).
Your answers here
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Name Practice CWID Section ___________ Sections (Lab) 27561 (M AM), 27562, (M PM), 27563 (T PM), 27564 (W AM), 27565 (Th PM) 27567 (F, AM), 27571 (Th AM) Chemistry 1515 F2 4 Hour Exam #1 (Blum) Instructions: You may use a calculator. Only this top page (for multiple choice) and the "show work" problems will be graded. Mark your letters clearly (UPPER CASE PLEASE). If we can't easily determine your intention, it will be marked as incorrect. Multiple choice 4 pts ea., show work problems 7 pts ea. For multiple choice questions, answers elsewhere on these problems will not be graded.

Answer # Answer # Answer

1 7 13 2 8 14 3 9 15 4 10 16 5 11 17 6 12 18 Total For worked problems – Show answer and your work on attached pages (not here). Make sure your answers are clearly marked with a box and remember to include units.

Score # Score Top Total /

19 21 Bottom Total / 20 22 Grand Total / 0 pts. The given name of the person called Pistol Pete was _____________________ Possibly useful constants: R=8.314 J/(k mol) = 0.082 06 L atm/(K mol), NA = 6.02 2 x10-^23 Some constants for water. ρ (water) = 1.00 g/mL, Cp(solid) = 37.7 J/(mol⋅K), Cp(liquid) =75. 4 J/(mol⋅K), ∆Hfusion = 6.0 1 kJ/mol, ∆Hvaporization = 40.7 kJ/mol, ∆Hsublimation = 51.1 kJ/mol (You may assume that these are constant with temperature, hence CP.) Equations: q = n Cp ∆T or q = m Cp ∆T; q = n ∆Hwhatever or q = m ∆Hwhatever ln P!"#$% = '− ∆'!"#$% (

) ×

)

  • const. You need to derive equation for P 1 , P 2 , T 1 , T 2 Amountgas = kHL Pgas; % mass = mass solute/total massx100%; XA = molA/(molA+molB); m = moles solute/kg solvent; PA = XA•P°; Ptotal = PA + PB; (molA/molB)vap = PA/PB; (XB)vap = PB/Ptotal; ∆Tf = - Kfm, ∆Tb = Kbm; πV = nRT; for electrolytes modify with i=mol of species in soln./mol solute dissolved Note: Be careful to distinguish between molality (m) and molarity (M). Your answers here

At room temperature, substance A is a liquid, and substance B is a gas. At some other temperature where both A and B are liquids, what can be said about their relative viscosities and vapor pressures? a. A has the higher viscosity and the higher vapor pressure. b. B has the higher viscosity and the higher vapor pressure. c. A has the higher viscosity, but B has the higher vapor pressure. d. B has the higher viscosity, but A has the higher vapor pressure. Iron forms a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure with length of 2.86x10-^8 cm. The expected density of iron with this structure is: a. 15.8 g/cm^3 b. 55.85 g/cm^3 c. 7.93 g/cm^3 d. can't predict without additional information. Generally, with temperature, the solubility of: a. gases decrease and solids decrease b. gases decrease and solids increase c. gases increase and solids decrease d. gases increase and solids increase Both sugar (sucrose) and salt (NaCl) will raise the boiling point of a solvent like water. How will the boiling point elevation of a 1 m solution of sugar compare to a 1 m solution of salt? a. the two solutions will have the same ∆Tboiling b. the salt solution will have half the ∆Tboiling as the sucrose solution c. out of the system d. the salt will have twice the ∆Tboiling as the sucrose solution Both sugar (sucrose) and salt (NaCl) will raise the boiling point of a solvent like water. How will the boiling point elevation of a 1 m solution of sugar compare to a 1 m solution of salt? a. the two solutions will have the same ∆Tboiling b. the salt solution will have half the ∆Tboiling as the sucrose solution c. out of the system d. the salt will have twice the ∆Tboiling as the sucrose solution A 1 m solution of methanol (CH 3 OH) is made with water. The mass percentages of that solution are (methanol, water): a. (25.3%, 74.7%) b. (32.0%, 68.0%) c. (3.1%, 96.9%) d. (81.9%, 18.1%) Choose the species with the largest surface tension. a. pentane (C 5 H 12 ) b. pentanol (C 5 H 12 O) c. ethanol (C 2 H 6 O) d. water Select the compound that would likely have the lowest solubility in water. a. NaOH b. CH 3 OH c. KClO 4 d. C 6 H 6 e. CH 3 CH 2 OH

Hand graded Problem example. This is a harder (maybe just more complicated) one, but it is useful to think about how to approach some problems. It is a hot day, 35 °C, and you put a cup of liquid (containing 100 mL water) in the freezer to cool it down quickly. Then you forget about it and it freezes and ultimately, it stabilizes at - 4 °C. How much heat did the water give up to the freezer which is at - 4 °C? The vapor pressure of pure benzene was measured at two different temperatures. At 25 °C the vapor pressure was 29.6 kPa and at 10 °C it was 12.6 kPa. What is the ∆Hvap for benzene in this temperature range.