Download Exam 4 | HS 102 - Hist Of Western Civ Since 1600 and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity!
Third World
A term widely used by international organizations and by scholars to group the non-industrialized nations Africa, Asia, and Latin America into a single unit TERM 2
Opium Trade
DEFINITION 2 Opium was grown legally in British-occupied India and smuggled into China by means of fast ships and bribed officials; it became a destructive and ensnaring vice of the Chinese TERM 3
khedive
DEFINITION 3 a prince in Egypt TERM 4
great migration
DEFINITION 4 a great movement of people that was the central experience in the saga of Western expansion; one reason why the West's impact on the world in the nineteenth century was so powerful and many-sided TERM 5
great white walls
DEFINITION 5 laws designed by Americans and Australians to keep Asians out
new imperialism
the drive to create vast political empires abroad, recalling the old European colonial empires of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and contrasting with the economic penetration of non-Western territories between 1816 and 1880 TERM 7
Afrikaners
DEFINITION 7 Descendants of the Dutch in the cape colony TERM 8
Berlin Conference
DEFINITION 8 a meeting of European leaders held in 1884 and 1885 in order to lay down some basic rules for imperialist competition in sub-Saharan Africa; they established the principle that European claims to African territory had to rest on effective occupation in order to be recognized by other states TERM 9
white man's burden
DEFINITION 9 the idea that Europeans could and should civilize more primitive, nonwhite peoples and that nonwhites would eventually receive the benefits of modern economics, cities, advanced medicine, and higher standards of living TERM 10
Great Rebellion
DEFINITION 10 the 1857 and 1858 insurrection by Muslim and Hindu mercenaries in the British army that spread throughout northern and central India before finally being crushed, primarily by loyal native troops from southern India. Britain thereafter ruled India directly
trench warfare
a type of fighting behind rows of trenches, mines, and barbed wire; the cost in lives was staggering and the gains in territory minimal TERM 17
total
war
DEFINITION 17 in each country during the First World War, a government of national unity that began to plan and control economic and social life in order to make the greatest possible military effort TERM 18
Lusitania
DEFINITION 18 the british passenger liner sunk by German submarine that claimed 1,000 lives TERM 19
Petrograd Soviet
DEFINITION 19 a huge, fluctuating mass meeting of 2,000 to 3,000 workers, soldiers, and socialist intellectuals, modeled on the revolutionary soviets of 1905 TERM 20
Army Order No. 1
DEFINITION 20 a radical order of the Petrograd Soviet the stripped officers of their authority and placed power in the hands of elected communities of common soldiers
Bolsheviks
meaning "majority group," the name for Lenin's camp of the Russian party of Marxian socialism TERM 22
Constituent Assembly
DEFINITION 22 a freely elected assembly promised by the Bolsheviks, but permanently disbanded within one day under Lenin's orders after the Bolsheviks won less than one-fourth of the elected delegates TERM 23
war communism
DEFINITION 23 the application of the total war concept to a civil conflict, the Bolsheviks seized grain from peasants, introduced rationing, nationalized all banks and industry, and required everyone to work TERM 24
Cheka
DEFINITION 24 the re-established tsarist secret police, which hunted down and executed thousands of real or suspected foes, sowing fear and silencing opposition TERM 25
League of Nations
DEFINITION 25 a permanent international organization established during the peace conference in Paris in January 1919, designed to protect member states from aggression and avert future wars
