Key Concepts in Education: Class, Stereotypes, and Social Mobility | Summaries History of Education

Exam 4-Education

Asian Tax - correct answerLecture: Stereotyping and Exceptionalism

A containment strategy used by elite institutions that makes it harder for Asians and

Asian Americans to get into these institutions. The bar was set much higher for these

students then for whites and minorities. Much higher ACT/SAT scores and GPA's were

required. Because of stereotype promise, this was seen as a threat to white students.

The model minority stereotype is a drive for this tax. The Asian tax is a response to the

fear to academic competition.

Baby College - correct answerHarlem Podcast

An 8 week program in Harlem that involves both parents and children in hopes that all

kids will graduate high school and get through college. Wants Harlem parents to rethink

how to raise their children. Wants to show them how middle class parents are raising

their kids. Tells poor parents theres a better way to raise their kids, it feels fun and

encouraging for parents more than it does degrading. Baby college teaches parents to

read to their kids every night and to use timeouts instead of corporal punishment a

knowledge that has made its way to middle and upper class homes, but not low income

neighborhoods such as Harlem. Baby College challenges many assumptions about

what is and isn't possible for a social program to tackle. The most important time in a

Childs life for their development is ages 0-3, if proper help and education can be given

to families raising children a signifiant positive effect would be seen. Number of words

parents speak to you as a child is very important

Continuity of Enrollment - correct answerLecture: Class, Race and College Interruption

Remaining enrolled in school continuously. Students who take a break for a year or

more display a discontinuity of enrollment. Starting and finishing in 4 consecutive years

Counter-School Culture - correct answerLecture: Education, Class and Social

Reproduction

This leads kids out of school and into the labor market. Working class aren't as drawn to

stay in school. They want to get out into the labor market, they don't buy into middle

class ideas. Opt out of middle class culture and opt into the work force. Schools create

a major culture/social class, they sort people into two roads of life. This is a motive for

dropouts or for people not to attempt higher education. This focuses on working class

kids and why they get working class jobs, is an explanation to the question.

Crossover Experience - correct answerLecture: Class, Gender and College Completion

Working class people in a middle class institution. Working class lives in a different

environment with different rules and different expectations. Working class begin to

adapt to the changes. This is somewhat where the working class becomes the middle

class. Jenson believes this is a bit of a hidden, unspoken experience that has real

impacts on people.

Ethnic Identity - correct answerLecture: Stereotype Threat

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Exam 4-Education

Asian Tax - correct answerLecture: Stereotyping and Exceptionalism A containment strategy used by elite institutions that makes it harder for Asians and Asian Americans to get into these institutions. The bar was set much higher for these students then for whites and minorities. Much higher ACT/SAT scores and GPA's were required. Because of stereotype promise, this was seen as a threat to white students. The model minority stereotype is a drive for this tax. The Asian tax is a response to the fear to academic competition. Baby College - correct answerHarlem Podcast An 8 week program in Harlem that involves both parents and children in hopes that all kids will graduate high school and get through college. Wants Harlem parents to rethink how to raise their children. Wants to show them how middle class parents are raising their kids. Tells poor parents theres a better way to raise their kids, it feels fun and encouraging for parents more than it does degrading. Baby college teaches parents to read to their kids every night and to use timeouts instead of corporal punishment a knowledge that has made its way to middle and upper class homes, but not low income neighborhoods such as Harlem. Baby College challenges many assumptions about what is and isn't possible for a social program to tackle. The most important time in a Childs life for their development is ages 0-3, if proper help and education can be given to families raising children a signifiant positive effect would be seen. Number of words parents speak to you as a child is very important Continuity of Enrollment - correct answerLecture: Class, Race and College Interruption Remaining enrolled in school continuously. Students who take a break for a year or more display a discontinuity of enrollment. Starting and finishing in 4 consecutive years Counter-School Culture - correct answerLecture: Education, Class and Social Reproduction This leads kids out of school and into the labor market. Working class aren't as drawn to stay in school. They want to get out into the labor market, they don't buy into middle class ideas. Opt out of middle class culture and opt into the work force. Schools create a major culture/social class, they sort people into two roads of life. This is a motive for dropouts or for people not to attempt higher education. This focuses on working class kids and why they get working class jobs, is an explanation to the question. Crossover Experience - correct answerLecture: Class, Gender and College Completion Working class people in a middle class institution. Working class lives in a different environment with different rules and different expectations. Working class begin to adapt to the changes. This is somewhat where the working class becomes the middle class. Jenson believes this is a bit of a hidden, unspoken experience that has real impacts on people. Ethnic Identity - correct answerLecture: Stereotype Threat

This is how much you know about the group and how knowledgeable. Does knowing more about various groups effect your pride vs. shame, strong identification vs. weak identification. Ones knowledge of the membership in a social group and the personal meaning/knowledge you have of that culture, creates a stronger relationship to self and personal well being. Factory Work Ethic - correct answerLecture: College, Mobility and Access Emphasis on hard work, entering the labor/work force right away instead of staying in school. This could be a reason why students drop out or don't go to college. This desire to work hard and make money right away, why go to school when you could be working and making money Imposter Syndrome - correct answerLecture: Class, Gender and College Completion People in an environment that you don't feel you belong, you're not qualified to be there, you fear people will find out. At any moment you could be exposed. This is a big factor for working class students in middle class institutions. This can lead to feeling outranked in the classroom. In-between Status - correct answerSusan Devan Harness Susan Devan Harness feels that she is at an in-between status. Feeling in-between being white and being Indian. The Indians dont want her, the whites don't want her, they both push her into one another's arena. Peers of Devan saw this as a great thing. She has this great native American heritage and yet she can work in a white mans world, how could it get any better? Devan felt uncomfortable with her status of being in- between. She felt alone and targeted. Felt as if she stood out. It was clear to peers she had NA heritage but was white, an apple. Inherited Meritocracy - correct answerLecture: College, Mobility and Access Meritocracy would imply we all get what we should deserve based on merit. Inherited meritocracy is basically saying the best and easiest, only way to move up and gain mobilitly in society is to be born into it. Good grades and success are basically passed down from one generation to the next. This can be seen when looking at the differences in access and success in higher education institutions. Institution in Crisis - correct answerLecture: What is education? American education has recently and frequently been described as an institution in crisis. There is a common worry that children are not learning in schools. High school drop out rates reveal a real problem in education. The American education system reproduces inequalities of race, class and gender while reflecting inequalities among the society as a whole. Rates of dropouts are much higher among working class/poor minority students. Racial isolation in schools is growing. The ideals of education seem to be a fading dream. Interrupted Movement - correct answerLecture: Class, Race and College Interruption Students who stop and start school at different institutions. Taking time off more than once, moving schools more than once, taking more time off in-between. Females have

Private Passage - correct answerLecture: Class, Gender and College Completion This is the process of moving from the working class to the professional middle class. This is a highly personalized and tangled mess of psychological, sociological and cultural confusion. This is unvoiced and unseen, much like the cross over experience. This is outside education and into the work force, more post education experience. Shared Racial Fate - correct answerLecture: Stereotyping and Exceptionalism ALL Asians are smart hard working and will be successful. This lumps all Asians into the same category regardless of country of origin, class, education or pre/post discrimination which put asian Americans as a model minority. Pre 1965 Asians typically came from China and Japan and were working class. Post 1965 Asian Indians, Korean, Filipinos, many come from white-collar, highly educated backgrounds. Social Reproduction - correct answerLecture: Education, Class and Social Reproduction Originated with Karl Marx. This is how classes reproduce themselves. Emphasis on the structures and activities that transmit social inequality from one generation to the next. In order to understand culture, you must understand social reproduction, according to Willis. This is structure vs. agency. Takes structure more seriously than agency--to what extent individuals are in charge of their own lives Stereotype Promise - correct answerLecture: Stereotyping and Exceptionalism Contrasts to stereotype threat. Asian American students have higher expectations than everyone else. These students adapt to expectations. Stereotype Threat - correct answerLecture: Stereotype Threat Phenomenon to explain people of colors experiences in education. A fear that people of color feel in an educational setting where they feel their own anxiety and fear of tests, but they also feel another layer of anxiety and fear about saying something dumb or railing that will confirm negative beliefs that people have against their group. The Conveyor Belt - correct answerHarlem Podcast Focuses on the kids and their future and them getting themselves out of poverty, instead of lifting parents out of poverty. If the kids can get their through education and college, then they can focus on lifting themselves out of poverty. Just focus on the kids. Much different than the typical approach to fixing poverty which focused on the parents, getting the parents a better life for the kids. This is just focusing on the kids, cradle to college. Uncertain Scaffolding - correct answerLecture: Class, Gender and College Completion When someone goes from the working class to the middle class, the idea that everything about being middle class could fall and crumple in an instant is a reality. If someone had a factory job that was supporting them and suddenly the institution collapsed and a person could be left jobless, without a degree to get a better job than their previous job. Vo-Tech - correct answerSusan Devan Harness

Tech school/2yr degree school. Indians don't go to college, they go to vo-tech. Not skilled, not smart enough to succeed in an institution and get a degree. When Devan admitted she wasn't strong in math, instead of her advisor being encouraging and offering help with the subject, he referred her to vo-tech. Working up - correct answerLecture: Class, Race and College Interruption The idea/reality that you need a college degree to move up in the labor force. There is limited mobility without a degree, working up in your job is much harder if at all possible. More jobs are requiring more skills than learned in blue collar jobs. Experience isn't a key hiring qualification like it used to be.

Key Concepts in Education: Class, Stereotypes, and Social Mobility, Summaries of History of Education

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Exam 4-Education