Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

Exam 3 | ENVR 1301 - Intro Environmental Science, Quizzes of Environmental Science

Class: ENVR 1301 - Intro Environmental Science; University: Austin Community College District; Term: Fall 2013;

Typology: Quizzes

2013/2014

Uploaded on 03/18/2014

kenfbauer
kenfbauer 🇺🇸

1 document

1 / 27

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
TERM 1
Demography
DEFINITION 1
The statistical study of human populations relating to growth
area.
TERM 2
Neolithic Revolution
DEFINITION 2
The first provable revolution in agriculture. Characterised by
the transition from hunting and gathering to farming.
TERM 3
Industrial Revolution
DEFINITION 3
The transition from individual production to factory
production.
TERM 4
Medical revolution
DEFINITION 4
A revolution that marks a time period where people began to
learn more about medical science and the human body.
TERM 5
Environmental revolution
DEFINITION 5
An ongoing revolution attempting to switch from pollution-
causing and climate-changing technology to efficient and
clean technology.
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b

Partial preview of the text

Download Exam 3 | ENVR 1301 - Intro Environmental Science and more Quizzes Environmental Science in PDF only on Docsity!

Demography

The statistical study of human populations relating to growth

area.

TERM 2

Neolithic Revolution

DEFINITION 2

The first provable revolution in agriculture. Characterised by

the transition from hunting and gathering to farming.

TERM 3

Industrial Revolution

DEFINITION 3

The transition from individual production to factory

production.

TERM 4

Medical revolution

DEFINITION 4

A revolution that marks a time period where people began to

learn more about medical science and the human body.

TERM 5

Environmental revolution

DEFINITION 5

An ongoing revolution attempting to switch from pollution-

causing and climate-changing technology to efficient and

clean technology.

Developing countries

A poor agricultural country that is seeking to become more

advanced economically and socially.

TERM 7

Total fertility

rate

DEFINITION 7

An indicator that shows the potential for a population to

change. Measured by the amount of children born over the

population of any given area.

TERM 8

Replacement-level fertility

DEFINITION 8

A rate at which a woman is able to birth enough children to

replace both herself and her partner, two.

TERM 9

Population profile

DEFINITION 9

A chart showing the number of people as a function of their

ages.

TERM 10

Age structure

DEFINITION 10

The distribution of people of different ages in a population.

Demographic window

A period in a nations evolution when the proportion of a

population of working age group is particularly prominent.

TERM 17

Demographic dividend

DEFINITION 17

Occurs when the majority of the population is of working age

and contributes to the economy.

TERM 18

Kerala

story

DEFINITION 18

A story of a country and women's empowerment.

TERM 19

Demographic transition

DEFINITION 19

A pattern of falling death rates and birthrates in response to

improved living conditions or vis versa.

TERM 20

Global gag rule

DEFINITION 20

Any country receiving U.S. aid was not allowed to have

anything to do with abortion.

Cairo Conference

A meeting in the end of 1943 that established that China

would receive all land seized by Japan. Korea would become

independent.

TERM 22

Large families in developing

countries

DEFINITION 22

In a less developed country more children translates into a

larger working force as well as the greater odds of unplanned

pregnancy.

TERM 23

Dependency ratio

DEFINITION 23

The number of nonworking members of a population

compared to those who work.

TERM 24

Millennium Development Project

DEFINITION 24

An initiative that focuses on research implementing the

organizational means, operational priorities and financing

structures necessary to achieve the Millennium Development

Goals

TERM 25

World Bank

DEFINITION 25

International bank for reconstruction and development. A UN

agency created to assist developing nations by loans

guaranteed by member governments.

Brackish water

Water that has more salinity then fresh water but not as

much as seawater.

TERM 32

Covalent bond

DEFINITION 32

Is a chemical bond that involves sharing of electron pairs

between atoms.

TERM 33

Hydrogen bond

DEFINITION 33

A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an

electrostatic attraction between a proton and an electron.

TERM 34

Water vapor

DEFINITION 34

Water diffused into the atmosphere but below boiling

temperature.

TERM 35

Humidity

DEFINITION 35

Water vapor in the atmosphere.

Relative humidity

The amount of water vapor present in the air.

TERM 37

Condensation

DEFINITION 37

Water that collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid

air is in contact with it.

TERM 38

Aerosols

DEFINITION 38

A substance enclosed under pressure and able to be released

as a fine spray.

TERM 39

Purification

DEFINITION 39

To make pure by removing anything that pollutes or

contaminates.

TERM 40

Hadley cell

DEFINITION 40

A large scale atmospheric convection cell in which air rises at

the equator and sinks at medium latitudes.

Gravitational water

Soil water that moves into, through or out of the soil under

the influence of gravity.

TERM 47

Groundwater

DEFINITION 47

Water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices

in rock.

TERM 48

Water table

DEFINITION 48

The level below which the ground is saturated with water.

TERM 49

Aquifers

DEFINITION 49

A body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit

groundwater.

TERM 50

Recharge area

DEFINITION 50

An area where water moves downward from surface water to

groundwater.

Seep

Flow or leak slowly through porous material or small holes.

TERM 52

Spring

DEFINITION 52

Origin or arise from ground water to surface water.

TERM 53

Non-consumptive

DEFINITION 53

Some action that requires no action to produce, does not

consume. Solar panels

TERM 54

Consumptive

DEFINITION 54

An action that requires energy to have an output.

TERM 55

Land subsidence

DEFINITION 55

Occurring when large amounts of groundwater have been

excessively withdrawn. The clay layers compact and settle,

resulting in lowering the ground surface.

Parent material

The underlying geological material in which soil horizons

from.

TERM 62

Sand

DEFINITION 62

A loose granular substance resulting from erosion of siliceous

and other rocks.

TERM 63

Silt

DEFINITION 63

Fine sand, clay or other material carried by running water

and deposited as a sediment.

TERM 64

Clay

DEFINITION 64

A stiff sticky fine-grained earth, typically yellow, red or

blueish gray.

TERM 65

Soil texture

DEFINITION 65

A qualitative classification tool used to determine classes for

agricultural soils based on their physical texture.

Loam

A fertile soil of clay and sand containing humus.

TERM 67

Workability

DEFINITION 67

Determines the degree of ease a material can be cut, shaped

or smoothed.

TERM 68

Horizons

DEFINITION 68

A soil layer generally parallel to the soils surface whose

physical characteristics differ from the layers above and

beneath.

TERM 69

Soil profile

DEFINITION 69

A vertical section of the soil from the ground surface

downwards to where the soil meets underlying rock.

TERM 70

O horizon

DEFINITION 70

The layer of loose leaves and organic debris at the surface of

soil.

B horizon

Commonly referred to as subsoil, The zone of accumulation

where rain water percolating through the soil has leached

material from above.

TERM 77

Subsoil

DEFINITION 77

The soil lying immediately under the surface soil

TERM 78

C horizon

DEFINITION 78

Soil layer consisted mostly of weathered, partially

decomposed rock.

TERM 79

Soil fertility

DEFINITION 79

The capacity of soil to provide plants with water, nutrients

and oxygen.

TERM 80

Nutrient-holding capacity

DEFINITION 80

The ability to absorb and retain nutrients so they are

available for plant roots.

Fertilizer

A chemical or natural substance added to soil or land to

increase its fertility.

TERM 82

Organic

fertilizer

DEFINITION 82

A soil amendment derived from natural sources that

guarantees at least the minimum percentages of nitrogen,

phosphate and potash.

TERM 83

Inorganic fertilizers

DEFINITION 83

A chemical product the provides nutrients to stimulate plant

growth.

TERM 84

Transpiration

DEFINITION 84

The process of water movement through a plant and its

evaporation from aerial parts such as leaves.

TERM 85

Water-holding capacity

DEFINITION 85

The amount of water that a given soil can hold for crop use.

Soil structure

The arrangement of soil particles and other soil materials.

TERM 92

Splash erosion

DEFINITION 92

Erosion from raindrops hitting bare soil.

TERM 93

Sheet erosion

DEFINITION 93

Erosion b downward sloping water.

TERM 94

Gully erosion

DEFINITION 94

Erosion that occurs when water accumulates and rapidly

flows in narrow channels.

TERM 95

Desert pavement

DEFINITION 95

A surface layer of closely packed or cemented pebbles, rock

fragments, etc. from which fine material has been removed

by wind in arid regions.

No-till agriculture

A way of farming without ever disturbing the land. Increasing

the amount of water and organic matter and decreasing

erosion.

TERM 97

Low-till farming

DEFINITION 97

Keeping soil disruption to a minimum but allowing seeds to

penetrate deeply.

TERM 98

Contour strip cropping

DEFINITION 98

A farming practice designed to minimize soil erosion. Using

the landscape to help water plants and alternating between

strips of erodible crops and soil conserving crops.

TERM 99

Shelterbelts

DEFINITION 99

A lie of trees or shrubs planted to protect an area.

TERM 100

U.S. Natural Resource Conservation

Service

DEFINITION 100

An organization implemented to help conserve natural

resources.