Download Animal Classification: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Order Uroleda
-Amphibians represent over 4,800 species of salamanders - Some are entirely aquatic, but others live on land throughout life. -Some live on land and walk with a side-to-side bending of the body inherited from early terrestrial arthropods (jointed legs) TERM 2
Frogs (Order Anura)
DEFINITION 2 -Anurans hold over 4,200 species more specialized for moving on land. -Very powerful adapted hind legs for hopping across terrain. -Avoidance of predators due to skin glands secrete distasteful or even poisonous mucus. TERM 3
Caecilians (Order Apoda)
DEFINITION 3 -these amphibians are about 150 species, are legless and nearly blind, and superficially resemble earthworms. TERM 4
Lizards
DEFINITION 4 Numerous and diverse reptiles, most are small and are set apart from birds. TERM 5
Snakes
DEFINITION 5 -legless lepidosaurs that evolved from lizards related closely to the Komodo Dragon. -Retain vestigal pelvic and limb bones provided from ancestors. -Movement by lateral waves of bending motion from head to tail. Gripping by the scales on the belly. Without eardrums, but feel vibrations in the ground and heat sensory between nostrils and eyes for hunting at night. -Carnivorous with acute chemical sensors.
Turtles
-Boxlike shell made of upper and lower shields fused to the vertebrae, clavicles, and ribs. -Side neck turtles motion horizontally and Vertical necked fold vertically. -Most have adapted to vast living changes such as deserts but some even live in the sea, but with reduced shells and enlarged forelimbs for flippers. TERM 7
Crocodilians
DEFINITION 7 -Earliest member of amphibians small terrestrial quadrepeds with long, slender legs. -Adapted later to aquatics with upturned nostrils. -Most confined to warm regions. TERM 8
Birds
DEFINITION 8 -Lack urinary bladder, as well as females only having one ovary. (Gonads are usually small, except for breeding season.) -Toothless and light skulls and small size adapted for flight. -Endothermic metabolism, acute vision and four- chambered heart. TERM 9
Features of
Birds
DEFINITION 9 -lacking urinary bladder and toothless -small skull as well as lighter body weight (most bones hollow) -wings made of special protein called B-Keratin (scales of reptiles as well) - Developed barbs that latch together for air foiling that create the sense of aerodynamic principle. TERM 10
Features of Mammals
DEFINITION 10 -Mammary Glands for producing milk. -Hair under the fat layer of skin to help retain body heat. -Effective respiratory and circulatory systems. -diaphragm that ventilates the lungs. -larger brains and capable of learning. -Teeth in various sizes or shapes some adapted and modified for specific purposes such as shearing and crushing or grinding like humans.
Order: Mammal Artiodactyls: (Sheep, pigs,
cattle, deer, giraffes)
-hooves with an even number of toes on each foot - herbivores TERM 17
Order: Mammal Cetaceans: (Whales, dolphins,
porpoises)
DEFINITION 17 -aquatic -streamlined body -paddle-like forelimbs and no hind limbs -thick layer of insulating blubber -carnivorous TERM 18
Order: Mammal Marsupialia: (Kangaroos,
opossums, koalas)
DEFINITION 18 -embryo completes development in the pouch of the mother TERM 19
Order: Mammal Rodentia: (Squirrels, beavers,
rats, porcupines, mice)
DEFINITION 19 -chisel-lke -continuously growing incisors worn down by gnawing -herbivorous TERM 20
Order: Mammal Primates: (Lemurs, monkeys,
chimps, gorillas, humans)
DEFINITION 20 -opposable thumbs -forward-facing eyes -well-developed cerebral cortex -omnivorous
Order: Mammal Perissodactyla: (horses,
zebras, tapirs, rhinos)
-hooves with an odd number of toes on each foot - herbivorous TERM 22
Order: Mammal Chiroptera: (bats)
DEFINITION 22 -adapted for flight -broad skin folds that extends from elongated fingers to body and legs -carnivorous and herbivorous TERM 23
Placenta Mammals
DEFINITION 23 -longer periods of pregnancy -young complete development within the uterus, joined by the placenta. -the placenta provides an intimate and long-lasting association between the mother and her developing young. TERM 24
Marsupials
DEFINITION 24 -embryo develops inside the uterus of the female's reproductive tract. -lining of the uterus and the extraembryonic membranes that arise form a placenta, a structure in which nutrients diffuse into the embryo from the mother's blood. -the pouch in which the nursing young are held is called a marsupium. TERM 25
Similarities in Marsupials and Placenta
Mammals
DEFINITION 25 -they both have higher metabolic rate and nipples that provide milk and they give birth to their young. -the embryo develops within the uterus.
Foliose (leaf-like) Lichen
-sandwich of fungal layers with algal mat in the middle - smaller rootlets called rhizines attach the lichen to the substrate. -top and bottom layers differ TERM 32
Cructose (crust-like) Lichen
DEFINITION 32 -wet leathery tissue lies flat -the algae component is widely dispersed throughout the organism. -closely attached to substrate and hard to remove without damaging either.
