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Exam 2 Study Guide Review, Lecture notes of Biology

Plant cell cycle, angiosperms, monocots and eudicots

Typology: Lecture notes

2023/2024

Uploaded on 05/11/2025

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SUNY Oneonta Biol 1004 Monday, March 10, 2025
Organismal Biol Exam 2 Review
1
LECTURES 5
&
6
EXAM 2
ESSENTIAL CONTENT REVIEW
BIOL 1004 Spring 2025
Instructor: Paul H. Lord
Exam #1: Monday
3” X 5” CARD STUDY GUIDE STUDY GROUP
Examination
Bring
Pencils
Soft erasers
3” x 5” card
with notes
on 1 side
BIOL 1004 SUCCESS
Read
before class
after class
focus on figures
&
tables
Show up for class
on time
ready
View displays
Ponder Blackboard postings
Breaking news
Answer questions
Ask questions
Take notes
in class
on reading quizzes
12 Hours / week
1 2
3 4
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8

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Monday, March 10, 2025

LECTURES 5

&

EXAM 2

ESSENTIAL CONTENT REVIEW

BIOL 1004

Spring 2025

Instructor:

Paul H. Lord

Exam #1: Monday

3” X 5” CARD

STUDY GUIDE

STUDY GROUP

Examination

-^

Bring –

Pencils

Soft erasers

3” x 5” card •^

with notes

on 1 side

BIOL 1004 SUCCESS

Read

before classafter class

focus

on figures

&

tables

Show up
for class

on timeready

View
displays
Ponder
Blackboard postings

Breaking news

Answer
questions
Ask
questions
Take notes
in classon reading quizzes

12 Hours / week

1

2

3

4

Monday, March 10, 2025

BIOL 1004 SUCCESS Read

before classafter class

Show up

for class

on timeready

View

displays

Ponder

Blackboard postings

Breaking news

Answer

questions

Ask

questions

Take notes

in classon reading quizzes

12 Hours / week

CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS

CONCEPTS Foci for Exam #

-^

Evolution of Land Plants–

identifying new characters found in each phylum
  • Alternation of Generations
through evolution of land plants
on each phylum described
discussed

-^

Water Potential

Fluid Movement

through vascular tissue

PLANT CLASSIFICATION

9

11

16

17

Monday, March 10, 2025

EVOLUTION WITHIN SPERMATOPHYTES:

ANGIOSPERMS

Angio
: enclosed
Sperm
: seed
2 innovative structures protecting reproduction
from environmental variability
•^

Flower

‒^

derived from modified leaves

•^

Fruit

Appeared during Mesozoic era
Dominant plants in terrestrial habitats

Angiosperm Gametophyte

23

part

(Stamen)

Part

(Pistil)

gametophyte

gametophyte

~ 7 cells!
2 or 3cells!

Life cycle shift from nonvascular to seed plants

MONOCOTS

EUDICOTS

Eu

22

23

24

25

Monday, March 10, 2025

PLANT CELL TYPES

Example

Function

Structure

Cell Type

Leaf cellsFood storage tissuesof potatoes

PhotosynthesisCellular respirationStorage

Cube-shaped,loosely packed,thin-walled,relativelyunspecialized,containchloroplasts

Parenchyma

Strings runningthrough a stalk ofceleryTough roots (beet)

SupportWind resistance

ElongatedIrregularlythickened walls

Collenchyma

Tough fibers in jute(used to makerope)

SupportStrength

Very thick cell wallscontaining lignin

Sclerenchyma

PLANT TISSUE TYPES 1.

Meristematic
•^

Fully

or

partially undifferentiated tissue for growth

Dermal tissue
•^

Covers

&

protects plant

Vascular tissue
•^

Transports H

O, minerals, 2

&

sugars

to different parts of plant

Ground tissue
•^

Serves as site for

P

s

•^

Provides a supporting matrix for vascular tissue

-^

Helps store H

O 2

&

sugars

DERMAL TISSUE:

STOMATA

VASCULAR TISSUE

Eudicot stem

Monocot stem

26

27

28

29

Monday, March 10, 2025

PLANTHORMONES

Function

Hormone

Stimulate shoot elongation, seed germination, & fruit &flower maturation

Gibberellins (GAs)

Main hormone responsible for cell elongation inphototropism & gravitropism, controls differentiation ofmeristem

Auxins

Promotes cytokinesis

Cytokinin

Inhibits stem elongation, induces dormancy in lateralbuds

Abscisic acid

Associated with fruit ripening, flower wilting, & leaf fall

Ethylene

Coordinate defense responses to herbivory

Jasmonates

Play a role in plant defense against bacterial & fungalinfections

Oligosaccharins

Promote seed germination, play a role in establishmentof mycorrhizae

Strigolactones

OTHER TERMS TO KNOW AntheridiumArchegoniaFemale: Male: MicrophyllsMegaphyllsCapsule’ThallusHomologousCuticleStomataFlavonoidsSecondary metabolites

CuticleSorus – SoriPollenSynapomorphyEudicotMonocotPalisadeCycadGinkoConeFlowerFruitFertilizationGametophyteSporophyte

More Terms to know

  • Sepals• Petals• Cotyledon• Magnoliids• Tricolpate• Venation• Monosulcate• Meiosis• Mitosis• Zygote• Tissues
  • Organs• Lysosomes• Centrioles• Shoot• Root• Plasmodesmata• Cellulose• Vacuole• Hypertonic – Isotonic – Hypotonic• Fibers• Schelerids• RAM

Last Terms to Know

  • Trichomes• Tracheids• Vessel elements• Apoptosis• Sieve-tube members• Companion cells• Pith• Cortex• Node• Petiole• Tendrils• Thorns
  • Mycorrhizae• Tap root• Root hair• Midrib• Vein• Respiration: C
H 6

12

O

6

+ O

2

CO

2

+ H
O 2
  • Turgor• H

O potential: 2 Ψ

system

total

s^

p^

g^

m

34

35

36

37

Monday, March 10, 2025

Questions on Plants

?

Office Hours

Monday: 12:00 pm - 1:15 pm

Thursday: 12:45 pm – 2:00 pm

Other times by appointment

Perna Sci Room 321

Spring 2025

38

39