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Exam l 2 : l NU664C/ l NU l 664 C l (NEW l 2025/ l
2026 l Update) l Family l Psychiatric l Mental l
Health l I l Review| l Questions l & l Answers| l
Grade l A| l 100% l Correct l (Verified l
Solutions)- l Regis
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel functionl ofl thel hypothalamus? Answer: Regulatesl sexl hormones,l bloodl pressure,l bodyl temperature,l sleep,l andl appetite.l Involvedl inl hunger,l thirst,l waterl balance,l regulationl ofl temperature,l circadianl rhythms,l andl stressl response.
QUESTION
Whatl arel thel effectsl ofl damagel tol thel hypothalamus? Answer: Increasedl appetite,l emotionall instability,l rage;l uncontrollablel laughterl andl crying;l changesl inl temperature,l sleep,l andl sexl functions.
QUESTION
Whatl psychopathologicall symptomsl arel associatedl withl thel hypothalamus? Answer: Aggression,l anorexia,l depression,l alteredl sleep-wakel cycle.
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel reticularl formation? Answer: Partl ofl thel primitivel brainl responsiblel forl involuntaryl movement,l reflexes,l musclel tone,l andl vitall signsl control.
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel functionl ofl thel reticularl formation? Answer: Thel reticularl formationl isl criticall forl mentall focus,l alertness,l andl attention.
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel substantial nigra? Answer: Thel substantial nigral isl thel mainl sitel forl dopaminel production.
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel functionl ofl thel substantial nigra? Answer: Thel substantial nigral isl responsiblel forl movementl andl coordination.
2.l Identifyl Protectivel Factors 3.l Conductl Suicidel inquiry 4.l determinel riskl levell andl intervention
QUESTION
Clozapinel importantl info Answer: Greatestl efficacyl ofl SGAsl butl greatestl risksl asl well
- riskl ofl agranulocytosis;l requiresl bloodl monitoring
- sedation,l weightl gain
- highestl riskl ofl cardiometabolicl s/e
- documentedl tol reducel riskl ofl suicidality
QUESTION
SGAl metabolicl s/e Answer: highestl risk:l clozapinel andl olanzapine moderate:l risperidonel andl quetiapine
QUESTION
SGAsl associatedl withl cardiacl abnormalitiesl (elevatedl QT) Answer: Most:l ziprasidonel (Geodon),l quetiapinel (seroquel),l thioridazine least:l aripiprazole
QUESTION
Risperidone Answer: functionsl asl atypicall atl lowl dosesl andl typicall atl highl doses **raisesl prolactin
- lessl weightl gain,l metabolicl effects
QUESTION
Olanzapinel (Zyprexa) Answer:
- highl riskl ofl weightl gain
- doesl notl raisel prolactinl levels
- smokingl increasesl clearance
QUESTION
Quetiapinel (Seroquel) Answer:
- sedationl andl weightl gain
- doesl notl elevatel prolactin,l lowl riskl forl EPS
- riskl forl QTl prolongation
QUESTION
Whenl isl anxietyl pathologic? Answer:
- responsel inappropriatel forl stressor
- impairmentl inl functioning
Psychologicall sx:l greatlyl narrowedl perceptuall field,l difficultyl problem- solving,l distortedl perceptionl ofl time,l selectivel inattention,l dissociativel sensations
QUESTION
Delusions Answer: fixedl beliefsl thatl arel notl amenablel tol changel inl lightl ofl conflictingl evidence
QUESTION
typesl ofl delusions Answer: persecutory:l beliefl onel isl goingl tol bel harmedl orl harassed referential:l beliefl thatl certainl gestures/commentsl arel directedl atl oneself grandiose:l beliefl thatl onel hasl exceptionall abilities erotomanic:l falsel beliefl thatl anotherl personl isl inl lovel withl one nihilistic:l convinctionl majorl catastrophel willl occur somatic:l preoccupationl regardingl healthl &l bodyl functions bizarre:l e.g.l thoughtl insertion
QUESTION
Schizophrenia:l Phasesl ofl Illness Answer: Premorbid:l earlyl symptomsl priorl tol evidencel ofl illness Prodromal:l startingl tol havel somel issues,l oftenl mild,l intermittent Acute:l changesl inl behavior,l thoughtl process
Stablel residuall phase:l backl tol baseline,l betterl chancel ofl positivel outcomesl whenl caughtl early
QUESTION
premorbidl phase Answer: •Shyl andl withdrawn,l awkward •Poorl peerl relationships •Doingl poorlyl inl school •Antisociall behavior Delayedl motorl milestones moodl issues bedwetting
QUESTION
prodromall phase Answer: shortl periodl ofl vaguel symptomsl andl malaise;l canl servel asl al warningl ofl morel symptomsl tol comel butl mayl notl bel noticed
- sociall isolation
- impairedl function
- impairedl personall hygiene
- bluntedl orl inappropriatel affect
- oddl beliefs
- apathy
- unusuall perceptionl experiences
QUESTION
Answer: olfactoryl nerves,l hippocampus,l amygdala,l hypothalamus,l nucleusl accumbens,l thalamus
QUESTION
functionl ofl limbicl system Answer: emotionl andl memory
- emotionall memory,l agression,l motivation-basedl desires,l appetite,l sexl drive,l integrationl ofl smell
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel basall ganglia? Answer: Al groupl ofl structuresl involvedl inl emotion,l executivel function,l motivation,l andl motorl activity.
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel functionl ofl thel basall ganglia? Answer: Tol controll posture,l motivation,l andl thel extrapyramidall motorl tract.
QUESTION
Whatl arel thel effectsl ofl damagel tol thel basall ganglia?
Answer: Slownessl ofl movement,l rigidity,l cogwheell rigidity,l andl dystonia.
QUESTION
Whatl arel somel conditionsl associatedl withl basall ganglial dysfunction? Answer: Parkinson'sl disease,l Huntington'sl chorea,l andl Tourette'sl syndrome.
QUESTION
Whatl psychopathologicall symptomsl canl bel seenl withl basall ganglial dysfunction? Answer: Cognitivel andl emotionall dysfunction,l asl welll asl extrapyramidall symptoms.
QUESTION
Whatl isl thel functionl ofl thel thalamus? Answer: Integrationl orl relayl systeml ofl thel brain,l sensoryl role.l Processesl information.l Involvedl inl wakefulness,l sleep,l andl painl perception.
QUESTION
Whatl arel thel effectsl ofl damagel tol thel thalamus?
QUESTION
Neurotransmittersl andl Anxiety Answer: Increased:l Norepinephrinel andl Glutamate Decreased:l Serotoninl andl GABA
QUESTION
Anxietyl associatedl withl atl leastl 3 l ofl followingl 6 l sx: Answer: Musclel tension Fatigue Concentrationl difficulty Restlessness,l feelingl onl edge Irritability Sleepl Disturbance
QUESTION
Illnessl Anxietyl Disorderl specifiers Answer: Care-seekingl type Care-avoidantl type
QUESTION
illnessl anxietyl disorder Answer:
- conditionl markedl byl intensel preoccupationl withl thel possibilityl ofl al seriousl undiagnosedl illness
- fewl orl nol somaticl symptoms,l thel personl isl primarilyl concernedl withl thel ideal theyl arel ill
- spendl al lotl ofl timel onl Dr.l google
QUESTION
Conversionl Disorder Answer: Al rarel somatoforml disorderl inl whichl al personl experiencesl veryl specificl genuinel physicall symptomsl forl whichl nol physiologicall basisl canl bel found.
- mostl commonl sx:l paralysis,l blindness,l andl mutism
QUESTION
factitiousl disorder Answer: Falsificationl onl physicall orl psychologicall signsl orl symptoms,l orl inductionl ofl injuryl orl disease,l associatedl withl identifiablel deception (Munchausenl Syndrome)l Specifiers:l singlel episodel orl recurrentl episodes
QUESTION
Psychoticl sxl falll intol 3 l categories: Answer:
