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exam_2.docx exam_2.docx, Exams of Nursing

exam_2.docx exam_2.docx exam_2.docx

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Available from 08/15/2023

Peterr
Peterr 🇺🇸

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TEST 2 BIO 242
TEST 2 BIO 242/ FALL NAME
ID #
Students MUST enter their name and ID number on BOTH the question and answer (scantrons) sheets of
each exam in the correct spaces. Also students must enter the correct version of their tests on their
answer (scantrons) sheet in the correct space, failure to do so will result in an automatic zero for that
exam.
Choose the best answer.
Fill in the appropriate bubble.
Make sure ALL electronic equipment is put away.
For true, fill in a.
For false, fill in b.
1)
form channels between cells, allowing ions and small molecules to diffuse directly from
one cell to the other.
A) Connexins
B) Cadherins
C) Dyneins
E) Tubulins
2) Which of the following components of the plasma membrane forms ion channels?
A) phospholipids
B) cholesterol
C) membrane
carbohydrates D)
membrane proteins
3) T/F Movement of K+ into the cell requires energy expenditure, whereas movement of Na+ into the
cell does not.
4 ) The autonomic nervous system is
A) part of the somatic nervous system.
B) considered to be the involuntary branch of the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system.
C) part of the central nervous system.
D) D) all of these answers.
5) Non polar molecules are capable of crossing the membrane .
A) directly across the lipid bilayer
B) only through specific protein channels
C) only with the addition of energy
D) indirectly by moving across a carrier protein
6) The fact that a cell has an electrical potential difference across its membrane makes that cell .
A) depolarized
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TEST 2 BIO 242/ FALL NAME

ID

Students MUST enter their name and ID number on BOTH the question and answer (scantrons) sheets of each exam in the correct spaces. Also students must enter the correct version of their tests on their answer (scantrons) sheet in the correct space, failure to do so will result in an automatic zero for that exam. Choose the best answer. Fill in the appropriate bubble. Make sure ALL electronic equipment is put away. For true, fill in a. For false, fill in b.

  1. form channels between cells, allowing ions and small molecules to diffuse directly from one cell to the other. A) Connexins B) Cadherins C) Dyneins E) Tubulins
  2. Which of the following components of the plasma membrane forms ion channels? A) phospholipids B) cholesterol C) membrane carbohydrates D) membrane proteins
  3. T/F Movement of K+^ into the cell requires energy expenditure, whereas movement of Na+ into the cell does not. 4 ) The autonomic nervous system is A) part of the somatic nervous system. B) considered to be the involuntary branch of the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system. C) part of the central nervous system. D) D) all of these answers.
  4. Non polar molecules are capable of crossing the membrane. A) directly across the lipid bilayer B) only through specific protein channels C) only with the addition of energy D) indirectly by moving across a carrier protein
  5. The fact that a cell has an electrical potential difference across its membrane makes that cell. A) depolarized

B) hyperpolarized

D) oxygen

  1. The chemical force (concentration gradient) for which of the following ions is directed into the cell? A) sodium only B) calcium only C) both potassium and sodium D) both sodium and calcium
  2. The concentration of an anion inside a cell is 0.3%. The concentration of this anion outside the cell is 0.1%. Assuming the membrane is permeable to that ion, how could the cell obtain more of this ion inside the cell? A) passive transport B) active transport C) osmosis D) exocytosis
  3. Which of the following classes of chemical messengers travels in the bloodstream to the target cell? A) paracrine only B) hormone only C) neurotransmitter only D) both paracrine and neurotransmitter
  4. What enzyme is activated by cAMP? A) phosphodiesterase B) adenylate cyclase C) a tyrosine kinase D) a protein kinase
  5. What part of a neuron releases neurotransmitters by exocytosis? A) soma B) dendrites C) axon hillock D) axon terminal
  6. Which of the following is NOT a factor involved in the determination of resting membrane potential? A) concentration of sodium B) concentration of potassium C) presence of sodium channels D) concentration of sodium receptors
  7. A change in a cell's membrane potential, such that it becomes more negative, is referred to as a . A) depolarization B) hyperpolarization C) hypopolarization D) polarization
  8. During which of the following processes is the most ATP generated? A) electron transport chain

B) glycolysis C) Kreb’s cycle D) the linking step

  1. Which of the following results in the formation of acetyl Co A? A) glycolysis B) linking step C) Kreb’s cycle D) electron transport chain
  2. T/F Most of the CO2 generated in cellular respiration occurs in the linking step.
  3. Activation of the cyclic AMP second messenger system ultimately leads to the phosphorylation of particular A) carbohydrates B) proteins C) lipids D) fatty acids
  4. At the resting membrane potential, the membrane is most permeable to , which moves the cell due to its concentration gradient. A) sodium : into B) potassium : into C) potassium : out of D) sodium : out of
  5. At the resting membrane potential, the electrochemical gradient for sodium across the membrane is such that the net flux for sodium movement is directed , thereby causing the cell's membrane potential to become more. A) inward : positive B) inward : negative C) outward : positive D) outward : negative
  6. A is a subthreshold change in membrane potential within the cell body that dies out as it travels away from its point of origin. A) polarization B) hyperpolarization C) action potential D) graded potential
  7. Which of the following is an example of spatial summation? A) Two stimuli from two sources produce graded potentials on the same neuron at the same time such that the two potentials sum. B) Two rapid stimuli from the same source produce graded potentials on the neuron that sum. C) An action potential occurs at the same time as a graded potential, and they sum. D) A neuron sends out information through collaterals to several target cells.

A) NAD+

B) H2O

C) O

D) ATP

  1. T/F Some membrane carbohydrates act as CAM’s (cell adhesion molecules).
  2. Which of the following is responsible for the myelination of neuronal axons in the PNS? A) Schwann cells B) oligodendrocytes C) microglial cells D) astrocytes
  3. Where are the cell bodies of motor neurons located? A) ventral horn B) dorsal horn C) dorsal root ganglia D) ventral root ganglia
  4. What two structures make up the forebrain? A) thalamus and hypothalamus B) cerebrum and diencephalon C) brainstem and cerebellum D) brainstem and spinal cord
  5. The central sulcus separates the. A) cerebellum from the forebrain B) brainstem from the spinal cord C) frontal lobe from the parietal lobe D) temporal lobe from the parietal lobe
  6. Which cerebral lobe contains the visual cortex? A) occipital lobe B) temporal lobe C) parietal lobe D) frontal lobe
  7. What region of the diencephalon filters and refines sensory information, allowing us to direct our attention to specific/important external stimuli? A) hypothalamus

B) thalamus C) basal nuclei D) brain stem

  1. Damage to the cerebellum will lead to which of the following symptoms? A) a complete inability to move (lack of execution) B) an inability to accurately plan a movement C) the generation of precise, fine movements only D) the generation of clumsy, poorly directed movement
  2. What area of the brain controls language comprehension? A) Broca's area B) Wernicke's area C) amygdala D) limbic system
  3. When the body is stressed, what is the relative contribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems to the regulation of homeostasis? A) Only the sympathetic system is active. B) Both systems are active but the parasympathetic predominates. C) Only the parasympathetic system is active. D) Both systems are active but the sympathetic predominates.
  4. What is the graded change in membrane potential that occurs at the motor end plate of skeletal muscle called? A) Inhibitory postsynaptic potential B) Endplate potential C) Muscarinic potential D) Adrenergic potential
  5. The most primitive region of the brain is the. A) basal nuclei B) limbic system C) cerebellum D) brain stem
  6. Which type of glial cell is involved in the production of the cerebral spinal fluid? A) ependymal cells B) microglial cells C) astrocytes D) oligodendrocytes
  7. Which type of Na+ gates in the neuronal axons, have three conformations; one of which is responsible for the one way propagation of action potentials down the axon? A) Ca++ B) K+ C) Na+ D) none of the above