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Deuterstomes Vs. Protostomes
(a) Cleavage: Protostome development begins with spiral, determinate cleavage. Deuterostome development is characterized by radial, indeterminate cleavage. TERM 2
Deuterstomes Vs. Protostomes
DEFINITION 2 (b) Coelom Formation: Coelom formation begins in the gastrula stage. In protostomes development, the coelom forms from splits in the mesoderm (schizocoelous development). In deuterostome development, the coelom forms from mesodermal outpocketings of the archenteron (enterocoelous development) TERM 3
Deuterstomes Vs. Protostomes
DEFINITION 3 (c) Fate of the blastopore : in protostome development, the mouth forms from the blastospore. In deuterostome development, the mouth forms from a secondary opening. TERM 4
Acoelomate
DEFINITION 4 A solid-bodied animal lacking a cavity between the gut and outer body wall. TERM 5
Pseudocoelomates
DEFINITION 5 An animal whose body cavity is not completely lined by mesoderm.
Coelomates
Animal that posses a true coelom (fluid-filled body cavity lined by tissue completely derived from mesoderm) TERM 7
Porifera
DEFINITION 7 Sponges are simple, sessile animals that lack true tissues. They live as suspensions feeders, trapping particles that pass through internal channels of their bodies. -Pore bearing - Aquatic -Coanocyte- flagella, water movement -Amoebocyte- changes shape and can become choanocyte if need be. -A- Symmetrical. TERM 8
Phylum: Cnidaria
DEFINITION 8 Cnidarians include corals, jellies, and hydras. These animals share a distinctive body plan that includes a gastrovascular cavity with a single opening that serves as both mouth and anus. TERM 9
Phylum: Cnidaria Hydrozoa
DEFINITION 9 alternate between polyp and medusa forms. (Portuguese man of war, hydras, Obelia, some corals). Most marine, a few freshwater; both polyp and medusa stages in most species; polyp stage often colonial TERM 10
Phylum: Cnidaria
Scyphozoa
DEFINITION 10 (Jellies, sea nettles) All marine; polyp stage reduced; free swimming medusa up to 2 m in diameter.
Phylum: Platyhelminthes (flat worms) Cestoda
(Tapeworms) Parasites of vertebrates; scolex attaches to host; proglottids produce eggs and break off after fertilization; no head or digestive system; life cycle with one or more intermediate hosts. TERM 17
Phylum: Mollusca
DEFINITION 17 (Snails, oysters, clams, octopus) Complex body plan. Large muscular foot (for movement). Visceral mass. Mantle (protection, secreting a shell). Suspension feeders. Predatory carnivores. Some contain a radula. TERM 18
Phylum: Mollusca Polyplacophora
DEFINITION 18 (chitons) Marine; shell with eight plates; foot used for locomotion; radula; no head. TERM 19
Phylum: Mollusca Gastropoda
DEFINITION 19 (Snails, slugs) Marine, freshwater, or terrestrial; asymmetrical body, usually with a coiled shell; shell reduced or absent in some; foot for locomotion; radula. TERM 20
Phylum: Mollusca Bivalvia
DEFINITION 20 (Clams, mussels, scallops, oysters) Marine and freshwater; flattened shell with two valves; head reduced; paired gills; no radula; most are suspension feeders; mantle forms siphons.
Phylum: Mollusca Cephalopoda
(Squids, octopuses, cuttlefish, chambered nautiluses) Marine; head surrounded by grasping tentacles, usually with suckers; shell external, internal, or absent; mouth with or without radula; locomotion by jet propulsion using siphon made from foot. TERM 22
Phylum: Annelida
DEFINITION 22 Segmented worms. Muscles that help move and contract. Sets of bristles called chaetae. Closed circulatory system. The digestive system runs the entire length of the body. TERM 23
Phylum: Annelida Oligochaeta
DEFINITION 23 (Freshwater, marine, and terrestrial segmented worms, such as earthworms) Reduced head; no parapodia, but chaetae present. TERM 24
Phylum: Annelida Polychaeta
DEFINITION 24 (mostly marine segmented worms) Well-developed head; each segment usually has parapodia with chaetae; tube dwelling and free-living. TERM 25
Phylum: Annelida Hirudinea
DEFINITION 25 (leeches) Body usually flattened, with reduced coelom and segmentation; chaetae absent; suckers at anterior and posterior ends; parasites, predators, and scavengers.
Class: Insecta Blattodea
COCKROACHES have a dorsoventrally flattened body, with legs modified for rapid running. Forewings, when present are leathery, whereas hind wings are fanlike. TERM 32
Class: Insecta Coleoptera
DEFINITION 32 BEETLES comprise the most species rich order of insects. Two pairs of wings are present one of which is leathery and thick, the other membranous. They have an armored exoskeleton and mouthparts adapted for biting and chewing. Complete metamorphosis. TERM 33
Class: Insecta Diptera
DEFINITION 33 FLIES AND MOSQUITOS have one pair of wings; the second pair has become modified into balancing organs called halteres. Mouthparts adapted for sucking, piercing, or lapping. Complete metamorphosis occurs. TERM 34
Class: Insecta Hemiptera
DEFINITION 34 BED BUGS, ASSASSIN BUGS, CHINCH BUGS have two pairs of wings, one pair partially leathery, the other membranous. They have piercing or sucking mouthparts and undergo incomplete metamorphosis. TERM 35
Class: Insecta
Hymenoptera
DEFINITION 35 ANTS, BEES, WASPS are generally highly social insects. They have two pairs of membranous wings. The females of many species have a posterior stinging part.
Class: Insecta
Isoptera
TERMITES are usually wingless and the feeding on wood is capable with the aid of microbial symbionts carried in specialzed chambers in their hindgut. TERM 37
Class: Insecta Lepidoptera
DEFINITION 37 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS have two pairs of wings covered with tiny scales. To feed, they uncoil a long proboscis. TERM 38
Class: Insecta Odonata
DEFINITION 38 DRAGONFLIES AND DAMSELFLIES have two pairs of large, membranous wings. They have an elongated abdomen, large, compound eyes and chewing mouthparts. Undergo incomplete metamorphosis. TERM 39
Class: Insecta Orthoptera
DEFINITION 39 GRASSHOPPERS, CRICKETS, and THEIR RELATIVES are mostly herbivorous. They have large hind legs adapted for jumping, two pairs of wings. Undergo incomplete metamorphosis. TERM 40
Class: Insecta Siphonoptera
DEFINITION 40 FLEAS are bloodsucking ectoparasites. Wingless and laterally compressed body. Undergo complete metamorphosis.
