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Exam 2 Chapters 32 & 33 | BIOL - Biology 2 - Intermediate, Quizzes of Biology

This is to help students identify of Animal Diversity and Invertebrates. Class: BIOL - Biology 2 - Intermediate; Subject: Biology / Biological Sciences; University: Cumberland University; Term: Forever 1989;

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 03/17/2010

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TERM 1
Deuterstomes Vs. Protostomes
DEFINITION 1
(a) Cleavage: Protostome development begins with spiral,
determinate cleavage. Deuterostome development is
characterized by radial, indeterminate cleavage.
TERM 2
Deuterstomes Vs. Protostomes
DEFINITION 2
(b) Coelom Formation: Coelom formation begins in the
gastrula stage. In protostomes development, the coelom
forms from splits in the mesoderm (schizocoelous
development). In deuterostome development, the coelom
forms from mesodermal outpocketings of the archenteron
(enterocoelous development)
TERM 3
Deuterstomes Vs. Protostomes
DEFINITION 3
(c) Fate of the blastopore : in protostome development, the
mouth forms from the blastospore. In deuterostome
development, the mouth forms from a secondary opening.
TERM 4
Acoelomate
DEFINITION 4
A solid-bodied animal lacking a cavity between the gut and
outer body wall.
TERM 5
Pseudocoelomates
DEFINITION 5
An animal whose body cavity is not completely lined by
mesoderm.
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Deuterstomes Vs. Protostomes

(a) Cleavage: Protostome development begins with spiral, determinate cleavage. Deuterostome development is characterized by radial, indeterminate cleavage. TERM 2

Deuterstomes Vs. Protostomes

DEFINITION 2 (b) Coelom Formation: Coelom formation begins in the gastrula stage. In protostomes development, the coelom forms from splits in the mesoderm (schizocoelous development). In deuterostome development, the coelom forms from mesodermal outpocketings of the archenteron (enterocoelous development) TERM 3

Deuterstomes Vs. Protostomes

DEFINITION 3 (c) Fate of the blastopore : in protostome development, the mouth forms from the blastospore. In deuterostome development, the mouth forms from a secondary opening. TERM 4

Acoelomate

DEFINITION 4 A solid-bodied animal lacking a cavity between the gut and outer body wall. TERM 5

Pseudocoelomates

DEFINITION 5 An animal whose body cavity is not completely lined by mesoderm.

Coelomates

Animal that posses a true coelom (fluid-filled body cavity lined by tissue completely derived from mesoderm) TERM 7

Porifera

DEFINITION 7 Sponges are simple, sessile animals that lack true tissues. They live as suspensions feeders, trapping particles that pass through internal channels of their bodies. -Pore bearing - Aquatic -Coanocyte- flagella, water movement -Amoebocyte- changes shape and can become choanocyte if need be. -A- Symmetrical. TERM 8

Phylum: Cnidaria

DEFINITION 8 Cnidarians include corals, jellies, and hydras. These animals share a distinctive body plan that includes a gastrovascular cavity with a single opening that serves as both mouth and anus. TERM 9

Phylum: Cnidaria Hydrozoa

DEFINITION 9 alternate between polyp and medusa forms. (Portuguese man of war, hydras, Obelia, some corals). Most marine, a few freshwater; both polyp and medusa stages in most species; polyp stage often colonial TERM 10

Phylum: Cnidaria

Scyphozoa

DEFINITION 10 (Jellies, sea nettles) All marine; polyp stage reduced; free swimming medusa up to 2 m in diameter.

Phylum: Platyhelminthes (flat worms) Cestoda

(Tapeworms) Parasites of vertebrates; scolex attaches to host; proglottids produce eggs and break off after fertilization; no head or digestive system; life cycle with one or more intermediate hosts. TERM 17

Phylum: Mollusca

DEFINITION 17 (Snails, oysters, clams, octopus) Complex body plan. Large muscular foot (for movement). Visceral mass. Mantle (protection, secreting a shell). Suspension feeders. Predatory carnivores. Some contain a radula. TERM 18

Phylum: Mollusca Polyplacophora

DEFINITION 18 (chitons) Marine; shell with eight plates; foot used for locomotion; radula; no head. TERM 19

Phylum: Mollusca Gastropoda

DEFINITION 19 (Snails, slugs) Marine, freshwater, or terrestrial; asymmetrical body, usually with a coiled shell; shell reduced or absent in some; foot for locomotion; radula. TERM 20

Phylum: Mollusca Bivalvia

DEFINITION 20 (Clams, mussels, scallops, oysters) Marine and freshwater; flattened shell with two valves; head reduced; paired gills; no radula; most are suspension feeders; mantle forms siphons.

Phylum: Mollusca Cephalopoda

(Squids, octopuses, cuttlefish, chambered nautiluses) Marine; head surrounded by grasping tentacles, usually with suckers; shell external, internal, or absent; mouth with or without radula; locomotion by jet propulsion using siphon made from foot. TERM 22

Phylum: Annelida

DEFINITION 22 Segmented worms. Muscles that help move and contract. Sets of bristles called chaetae. Closed circulatory system. The digestive system runs the entire length of the body. TERM 23

Phylum: Annelida Oligochaeta

DEFINITION 23 (Freshwater, marine, and terrestrial segmented worms, such as earthworms) Reduced head; no parapodia, but chaetae present. TERM 24

Phylum: Annelida Polychaeta

DEFINITION 24 (mostly marine segmented worms) Well-developed head; each segment usually has parapodia with chaetae; tube dwelling and free-living. TERM 25

Phylum: Annelida Hirudinea

DEFINITION 25 (leeches) Body usually flattened, with reduced coelom and segmentation; chaetae absent; suckers at anterior and posterior ends; parasites, predators, and scavengers.

Class: Insecta Blattodea

COCKROACHES have a dorsoventrally flattened body, with legs modified for rapid running. Forewings, when present are leathery, whereas hind wings are fanlike. TERM 32

Class: Insecta Coleoptera

DEFINITION 32 BEETLES comprise the most species rich order of insects. Two pairs of wings are present one of which is leathery and thick, the other membranous. They have an armored exoskeleton and mouthparts adapted for biting and chewing. Complete metamorphosis. TERM 33

Class: Insecta Diptera

DEFINITION 33 FLIES AND MOSQUITOS have one pair of wings; the second pair has become modified into balancing organs called halteres. Mouthparts adapted for sucking, piercing, or lapping. Complete metamorphosis occurs. TERM 34

Class: Insecta Hemiptera

DEFINITION 34 BED BUGS, ASSASSIN BUGS, CHINCH BUGS have two pairs of wings, one pair partially leathery, the other membranous. They have piercing or sucking mouthparts and undergo incomplete metamorphosis. TERM 35

Class: Insecta

Hymenoptera

DEFINITION 35 ANTS, BEES, WASPS are generally highly social insects. They have two pairs of membranous wings. The females of many species have a posterior stinging part.

Class: Insecta

Isoptera

TERMITES are usually wingless and the feeding on wood is capable with the aid of microbial symbionts carried in specialzed chambers in their hindgut. TERM 37

Class: Insecta Lepidoptera

DEFINITION 37 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS have two pairs of wings covered with tiny scales. To feed, they uncoil a long proboscis. TERM 38

Class: Insecta Odonata

DEFINITION 38 DRAGONFLIES AND DAMSELFLIES have two pairs of large, membranous wings. They have an elongated abdomen, large, compound eyes and chewing mouthparts. Undergo incomplete metamorphosis. TERM 39

Class: Insecta Orthoptera

DEFINITION 39 GRASSHOPPERS, CRICKETS, and THEIR RELATIVES are mostly herbivorous. They have large hind legs adapted for jumping, two pairs of wings. Undergo incomplete metamorphosis. TERM 40

Class: Insecta Siphonoptera

DEFINITION 40 FLEAS are bloodsucking ectoparasites. Wingless and laterally compressed body. Undergo complete metamorphosis.