Download Ancient Art and Archaeology: Terracotta Army, Wall Painting, and Sculptures and more Quizzes History of Art in PDF only on Docsity!
Soldiers
Time Period: Ancient China The Terracotta Army is a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China. found in 1974 by farmers life size 6 ft tall warriors weighing 600 pounds began 221 BCE finished 210 BCE each one hand made using clay coiling and painted with lacquer paint TERM 2
Wall Painting with Horses
DEFINITION 2 Time Period: Palaeolithic Prehistoric Time Wall painting with horses, rhinoceroses, and aurochs Chauvet Cave, France 32,000-30,000 bce Earliest known prehistoric cave paintings found in December 1994. TERM 3
Lion Human
DEFINITION 3 Time Period: Prehistoric/Palaeolithic A lion-headed figure, one of the oldest known sculptures, made in 30,000 BCE made from ivory 1 ft tall found in Stadel, Germany TERM 4
Woman from Willendorf
DEFINITION 4 Time Period: Prehistoric From Austria c. 24,000 BCE originally red ocher in color made from limestone carving almost 5 inches tall exaggerated female features possibly used as a fertility figure TERM 5
Stonehenge
DEFINITION 5 Stonehenge is a prehistoric neolithic monument in the Salisbury PlainsFinished in 4 main phases (8 in total) Phase I: Chalk trench (3,000 BCE) Phase II: Circle of blue stones placed around inner ring of the trench in Aubrey holes Phase III: Sarcen stones 25 ft tall, weighing 25-45 tons were carved into post and lintels and placed into a large inner circle (2,500 BCE) Phase IV: Blue Stones brought back to the center of sarcen ring Used for burial site, ceremonies to do with seasons/sun ceremonies
Palette of Narmer
Time Period: Old Kingdom 25 inces tall Found in the temple of Horus; represents the unification of Egypt uses hieratic scale to portray significance used for mixing make up TERM 7
Stepped Pyramid of Djoser
DEFINITION 7 built during the Old Kingdom for King Djoser first tomb to be built from stone designed by Imhotep built in lower Egypt as stairway to Ra and to protect the tomb Djoser's tomb grew in three phases traditional chambers and mastaba 4 mastabas (steps) extended steps to the west and added 2 more mastaba steps Complex: temple, small palace, 2 houses, 3 story limestone enclosure; first columns ever built TERM 8
Architecture Mastabas to Pyramid
DEFINITION 8 Old Kingdom Began with mastaba -low solid rectangular structures expanded with Djoser's stepped pyramids Sneferu's Meidum pyramid, the Bent Pyramid of Dahshur, and the Red Pyramid Sneferu's decedent's (Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure) pyramids: the great pyramids of Giza TERM 9
Great Pyramids at Giza
DEFINITION 9 2551-2422 BCE Old Kingdom Egypt located in Giza, Egypt originally faced with polished limestone Khufu's (grandfather) is the largest at 480 ft tall originally cause ways (tunnels) went from pyramids to valley temples where mummification took place smaller pyramids were devoted to wives and mothers TERM 10
The Great Sphinx
DEFINITION 10 Old Kingdom Egypt built originally in old kingdom (2500 BCE) on the Giza plateau by either Khufu or his son Khafre made of layers of hard and soft limestone that was cut from the sphinx ditch that surrounds it New Kingdom Egyptians, Ancient Greeks, and Romans all added to the Great Sphinx in order to preserve the soft limestone that has eroded away Tutmostus ordered Sphinx unburied and build 30 ft mud wall around sphinx
Colossal Figure of Akhenaten
New Kingdom Egypt from the temple of Gempaaten built early in Akhenaten's reign made of sandstone 16 ft tall androgynous in form, exaggerated attributes, distorted facial features TERM 17
Akhenaten and Family
DEFINITION 17 New Kingdom Akhenaten with Queen Nefertiti rare view of royalty with family painted limestone relief 1353- TERM 18
"Judgement of Hunefer before Osiris"
DEFINITION 18 New Kingdom Illustration from a Book of the Dead c. 1285 BCE Painted papyrus; almost 16 inches tall believed one must be 'free from wrong doing' and were tested by Osiris and Anubis; soul weighed against a feather this shows three stages of his induction into the afterlife
- Anubis leads him to where his soul will be weighed
- Ma'at balances the scales, with Ammit (Eater of the Dead) waiting hungrily
- Hunefer passes and is presented to Osiris TERM 19
PBS: China's Terracotta
Warriors
DEFINITION 19 Qin Shi Huang "first emperor" tomb; 8000 soldiers, cavalry, and chariots life size, 6 ft tall, all different; unique faces and clothing 600 pounds of hand coiled red clay; clay must be dense and sticky but light enough to allow inners to dry very colorful -painted with lacquer 1974 farmers near Sion TERM 20
Cave Forgotten
Dreams
DEFINITION 20 oldest cave paintings ever found more than twice as old as any ever found 1300 ft long mapped by lasers small walk ways are only thing you're allowed to walk on he cave is off limits to everyone except rare visits by scientists original entrance covered by cave-in thousands of years before sealing cave found in Southern France in 1994 by three cave explorers
PBS: Secrets of Stonehenge
20 ft tall pillars tapered w/ points fitting into gouges curved lintels with tongue & grooves in which Sarcen Trilathon stones on top 56 pits held blue stones in Aubry holes holding the bodies of 60 cremated men 25-45 years old parallel processional leads from Stonehenge to Avon River Made by using deer antler picks used for burial site and sun/solstice ceremonies lines up with Durenton Walls "land of the living" TERM 22
PBS: Riddles of the
Sphinx
DEFINITION 22 70 ft tall, 200 ft long, largest statue in EgyptArguments whether Khufu or Khafre commissioned workBuilt during the Golden Age of the Old Kingdom1st and larges of all known sphinxbuilt of limestone from the ground around a large rock outcroppingmade using copper chisels and rock hammersRomans added block around base to help protected it1500 BCE New Kingdom unburied and placed granite stilla (stone) at entrance to tell of Tutmotus who ordered it's repair and wall to protect it TERM 23
Paleolithic
DEFINITION 23 Meaning old stone in Latin the Paleolithic era began 2. million years ago, marked by tools made of chipped stone. Key works include: Lion Human, various cave paintings and Woman of Willendorf TERM 24
Neolithic
DEFINITION 24 New stone in Latin, it is marked by the beginning of human settlements and domesticated crops and animals. The beginning of human ingenuity begins to show through with works of architecture and sites such as Stonehenge.Key works: human-fish, pottery, Stonehenge, Durrington Walls, and human figures TERM 25
Sculpture in the round
DEFINITION 25 a three-dimensional sculpture that is carved free of any background or block
sarcophagus
A sarcophagus is a highly ornament coffin, most commonly carved in stone or precious metal, decorated with relief sculptures TERM 32
Egyptian Gods
DEFINITION 32 Hunefer -god of the deceasedOsiris -God of the Dead/ God of the UnderworldAbubis -overseerer of funerals and cemeteriesAmmit -"eater of the dead"Thoth -recording eventsRa -Sun god/Creator godAten -sun disk
