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Exam 1: NUR210/ NUR 210 (2024/ 2025
Update) Transition to Practice-Capstone
Review | Questions and Verified Answers|
100% Correct| A Grade โ Fortis
QUESTION
signs of PVD Answer: the 6 P's (pain, pallor, pulselessness, poikilothermia, paresthesia, and paralysis.) Relief with elevation, compression stockings
QUESTION
how does the skin look with PAD? Answer: thin shiny/taut skin, hair loss to legs, bronze-brown pigmentation, with ulcers on lateral side
QUESTION
Right sided HF s/s Answer: edema, JVD, ascites, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, anorexia and nausea, weight gain
QUESTION
left sided HF s/s
Answer: pulmonary congestion, dyspnea, tachypnea, crackles in the lungs, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, increased blood pressure from fluid volume excess or decreased blood pressure from pump failure. Pink-frothy sputum
QUESTION
patient teaching for an ICD Answer:
- avoid lifting arm above shoulder
- avoid large magnets
- always carry the ID card
- do not go through metal detector
- call HCP if ICD fires once, call 911 if more than once
QUESTION
What is acute kidney injury (AKI)? Answer: sudden decline in kidney function.
- pt will be confused or unconscious
- with treatment, kidneys may return to normal
QUESTION
what is chronic kidney disease (CKD)? Answer: progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function. dialysis is usually require for the rest of the patients life
QUESTION
dietary needs for people with CKD
what is the normal platelet level? Answer: 150,000-450,
QUESTION
drug therapy for primary HTN Answer:
- thiazide diuretics
- ARBS (-sartan)
- Beta blockers
- ace inhibitors
- calcium channel blockers
QUESTION
normal respirations for a school aged child Answer: 18 - 30 breaths per minute
QUESTION
what causes tetany and a positive chvosteks sign? Answer: hypocalcemia
QUESTION
how to know a pt needs further teaching when they are taking a beta blocker? Answer: pt states "I should stop my meds"
QUESTION
benazepril side effects Answer: angioedema, cough
QUESTION
lasix teaching Answer: take in the AM, monitor potassium
QUESTION
pt taking lasix and digoxin seeing halo Answer: call MD
QUESTION
sublingual nitro teaching Answer: take while sitting call 911 if not working after 3 do not take aspirin discard after 3-6 months
QUESTION
what electrolyte imbalance can cause lithium toxicity?
QUESTION
Hypokalemia S/S Answer:
- weak pulse
- shallow respirations
- hypo-active bowel sounds
- ST depression
- inverted T waves
- prominent U waves
- deep tendon hyporeflexia
- muscle weakness
- nausea/vomiting
- constipation
QUESTION
Hyperkalemia S/S Answer:
- slow pulse
- decreased bp
- dysrhythmias
- muscle twitches
- diarrhea
- tall peaked T waves
- falt P waves
- wide QRS complex and prolonged PR intervals
QUESTION
how to give potassium IV? Answer: always dilute, never give by IV push
QUESTION
Hypercalcemia S/S Answer: increased heart rate and blood pressure, full bounding pulses, lethargy, disorientation, ineffective respiratory movement, muscle weakness, decreased bowel sounds, anorexia short st segment and wide t wave or heart block
QUESTION
Hypocalcemia S/S Answer: decreased heart rate and blood pressure, muscle cramps and twitching, anxiety, positive chvosteks and trousseau's sign, hyperactive bowel sounds, cramping and diarrhea
QUESTION
what is the dash diet? Answer: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
QUESTION
what foods are in the dash diet? Answer:
- low sodium
- low fat/fat free
- high K, Ca, or Mag
- meat, fish, poultry
- nuts and beans
- veggies, fruits, whole grains
Answer:
- High LDL/Low HDL
- High blood pressure
- Diabetes
- smoking
- Overweight
- Family History
- Increasing age, more common in whites than black
- men over 45 & women over 55
- metabolic syndrome
QUESTION
nadolol therapeutic effect Answer: lower pulse, BP within normal limits
QUESTION
high sodium in a child signs and symptoms Answer: headache, thirst, lethargic, sweating, cold/wet skin, dry sticky mucous membranes
QUESTION
serum electrolytes off what solution is best? Answer: 0.45% (hypotonic)
QUESTION
how to know kayexalate is working?
Answer: potassium will be in range
QUESTION
S/S of hyperkalemia Answer: tetany and + chvostek sign
QUESTION
foods not to eat with CKD Answer: fluid restriction, no salt substitutes, may have frozen veggies, no bananas, can eat dairy
QUESTION
low phsphate diet, remove what from diet? Answer: mixed greens
QUESTION
spironolactone teaching Answer: Avoid salt substitutes no potassium
QUESTION
QUESTION
what to record during hemodialysis Answer: I&O's and weight
QUESTION
prenatal preventing UTI teaching Answer: wear cotton underwear
QUESTION
new mom, UTI bc of acidic urine teaching Answer: avoid carbonated drinks
QUESTION
what should people with nephrotic syndrome get? Answer: albumin
QUESTION
what to limit in the diet if a patient has AKI? Answer: potassium and carbohydrates
QUESTION
pt has petechiae after hemodialysis, what to do? Answer: report to MD.
QUESTION
what to do if you feel resistance when taking a rectal temperature Answer: remove the probe
QUESTION
how to identify a pt has sepsis 2 days post op Answer: check the temperature for a fever
QUESTION
how to help pt with pneumonia Answer: walk with the patient
QUESTION
stage 1 HTN education Answer:
QUESTION
patient teaching for AAA Answer: do not mow the lawn, play golf, or lift anything heavier than 35 lb
QUESTION
CAD modifications Answer: diet, smoking, exercise, cholesterol
QUESTION
atherosclerosis cool to eat Answer: fresh cantaloup
QUESTION
ICD teaching Answer:
- no metal detectors
- carry card
- check Q6 months
QUESTION
what to do when pt is in Ventricular fibrilation Answer: low position bed/flat, all person clear from client/bed
QUESTION
how to know digoxin is working? Answer: HR will be lowered
QUESTION
how to know if an antihypertensive is not working for after 2 months? Answer: patients BP will slowly increase
QUESTION
warfarin teaching Answer:
- routin blood draws
- no green vegies
- bleeding precautions
- soft toothbrush
- no tattoos
- no drinking
- use an electric razor
QUESTION
How to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius Answer:
- Subtract 32 & Multiply by.
normal respirations for adults Answer: 10 - 20
QUESTION
normal respirations for a newborn Answer: 24 - 38
QUESTION
normal sodium levels Answer: 135 - 145 mEq/L
QUESTION
Hypernatremia symptoms Answer: edema, muscle twitches, muscle weakness, thirst, leathery, decreased urinary output, dry and flushed skin, increased urine specific gravity
QUESTION
Hyponatremia S/S Answer: shallow respirations, dimished deep tendon reflexes, headache, confusion, seizures, nausea, hyperactive bowel sounds, dry mucous membranes, increased urinary output, diarrhea, decreased urine specific gravity
QUESTION
treatment for hypernatremia Answer: IV fluids, diuretics and sodium restricted diet
QUESTION
treatment for hyponatremia Answer: IV sodium chloride, osmotic diuretics and increase in sodium intake
