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Class: BIOL 4004 - Cell Biology; Subject: Biology; University: University of Minnesota - Twin Cities; Term: Spring 2013;
Typology: Quizzes
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double helix must be opened up and the two strands separated to expose unpaired bases positions at which the DNA helix is first opened are called replication origins TERM 2 DEFINITION 2 DNA rich inA-Tbase pairs is relatively easy to pull apart regions of DNA enriched in A-T pairs are typically found at replication origins. TERM 3 DEFINITION 3 In these experiments, cells were first grown in the presence of BrdU (a thymidine analog) and absence of thymidine to label the DNA uniform Cells were briefly pulsed with thymidine in the absence of BrdU during the early, Middle, or late S phase DNA made during the thymidine pulse is a double helix with thymidine on one strand and BrdU on the other the one has BrdU on both strands stain darker Negative one has bright band TERM 4 DEFINITION 4 population of cells is sychronizes dot hat they all begin replication at the same time DNA is collected and hybridized to the microarray DNA that has been replicate do negatives a hybridization signal(dark green squares) twice as high as that of unreplicated DNA(light green squares the replication begins at an origin and proceeds bidirectionally In yeast replication start at hundreds oforigins TERM 5 DEFINITION 5 If a circular bacterial plasmid contain a gene is introduce into the mutant yeast directly, the plasmid will be able to replicate, because it lacks a functional origin If random pieces of yeast DNA are inserted into this plasmid, only the rare plasmid DNA that contain the origin relplicate A DNA sequence identified by its presence in a plasmid isolated from these surviving yeast cells is called ARS ARS is chromosomal origins of replication
ORC complex, once bound to an origin of replication, is sequentially activated and deactivated ORC-origin interaction persists throughout the entire cell cycle helicas loading proteins, cdc6 and cdt1, which are the Cdc6 and Cdt1 assembled onto an ORC-DNA complex to form a pre-replicative complex at each origin during G1phase TERM 7 DEFINITION 7 First strategy pre-replicative complexes to form (G1phase,when Cdk activity is low) second, pre-P complexes to be activated and subsequently disassembled(S phase,when cdk activity is high each origin of replication can fire once TERM 8 DEFINITION 8 Theprotein kinasesthat trigger DNA replication simultaneously prevent all assembly of new pre-replicative complexes until the next M phase resets the entire cycle TERM 9 DEFINITION 9 when a nucleosome is transited by a replication fork, the histone octamer appears o be broken into an H3-H4 tetramer and two H2A-H2B dimers the H3- H4 tetramer remains associated with DNA and is distributed at random to one or the other daughter duplexes,but the H2A-H2B dimers are released from DNA addition of new H3-H4 tetramers and H2A-H2B dimers behind a replication fork requires histone chaperones TERM 10 DEFINITION 10 Histone chaperone (NAP-1and CAF-1)restore the full complement of histones to daughter molecule Slide clamps are left behind moving replication forks and remain on the DNA long enough for the histone chaperones to complete their tasks.