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Class: BIOL 4004 - Cell Biology; Subject: Biology; University: University of Minnesota - Twin Cities; Term: Spring 2013;
Typology: Quizzes
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Leadingstrand: allows the newly synthesized strand complementary to the original strand to be synthesized 5' to 3' in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork. Lagging strand : opposite to the working orientation of DNA polymerase III, which moves on a template in a 3' to 5' manner, replication of the lagging strand is more complicated than that of the leading strand. TERM 2
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TERM 3 DEFINITION 3
TERM 4
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TERM 5 DEFINITION 5 (B) An electron micrograph showing the replication machine from the bacteriophageT4 sit moves along template synthesizing DNA behind it. (C) An interpretation of the micrograph is given in the sketch: note especially the DNA loop on the lagging strand Apparently the replication proteins became partly detached from the very front of the replication fork
( A )The normal assembly of chromatin on the two daughter DNA helices produced at a replication fork requires the deposition of H2A-H2B dimers on to directly inherited H3-H tetramers swell as the assembly of new histone octamers At a centromere, the inheritance of H3 variant-H4 tetramer seeds the formation of new histone octamers that likewise contain the variant H3 histone. A similar seeding process could cause the adjacent locks of centric heterochromatin to be inherit TERM 7 DEFINITION 7 RNA polymerase simultaneously transcribing each of two adjacent genes. Molecules of RNA polymerase are visible as a series of dots along the DNA with the newly synthesized transcripts attached to them. The RNA molecules here not translated into protein but are instead used directly as components of ribosomes From the lengths of the newly synthesized transcripts, it can be deduced that the RNA polymerase molecules are transcribing from left to right. TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 The RNA polymerase (pale blue) moves stepwise along the DNA, unwinding the DNA helix at its active site. As it progresses, the polymerase adds nucleotides one by one to the RNA chain at the polymerization site, using an exposed DNA strand as a template The RNA transcript is thus a complementary copy of one of the two DNA strands. TERM 9 DEFINITION 9 Initiation of transcription of a eucaryotic gene by RNA polymerase II. The promoter contains a DNA sequence called the TATA box, which is located 25 nucleotides away from the site at which transcription is initiated. Through its subunit TBP, TFIID recognizes and binds the TATA box, which then enables the adjacent binding of TFIIB TERM 10 DEFINITION 10
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