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Lab Experiment: Observing the Effects of Weathering and Erosion, Lecture notes of Earth Sciences

A lab experiment designed to observe and record the effects of weathering on sand and pebbles using wind, water, and chemical reactions. Students will build sand mountains, simulate rain, and create a chemical weathering chamber to study the differences between weathering and erosion.

What you will learn

  • How does wind affect the movement of sand and pebbles?
  • What is the role of water in the weathering process?
  • How does chemical weathering contribute to the formation of caves and sinkholes?

Typology: Lecture notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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Erosion
Objective
Observeandrecordthedifferenteffectsofweathering.
Materials
Pen/Pencil
Sand
Pebbles
Largepan/Cookiesheet
SmallCups(3)
SmallLid(1)
Ruler
Popsiclesticks
Chalk
Vinegar
Water
Drinkingstraws(2)
Steps
1. Makeapileofsandinthemiddleofthepan.
2. Nowlightlyblowacrossthesandandpebbleswiththestraws.
3. Makea“sandmountain”bypilingsandupononesideofyourpan.
4. Holdtherulerinthemountainsothatthesandcoversuptothe10centimetermark.
5. Makea“raincup”bytakingoneofyoursmallcupsandpokingholesintothebottomofthe
cupwithyourpenorpencil.
6. Holdyour“raincup”overyourmountainandfilltheothercupwithwater.
7. Pourthewaterfromthesecondcupintoyour“raincup”thewaterwillnow“rain”.
8. Aftertherainhasstopped,measuretheheightoftheremainingsand.
9. Makeasecondmountainexactlylikethefirst.
10. Usingthepopsiclesticks,buildadamononesideofthemountain.
11. Now“rain”onyournewmountainandrecordtheheight.
12. Makeachemicalweatheringchamberbyaddingapieceofchalktothelastsmallcupand
fillingit½fullwithvinegar.
13. Putthelidonyourchemicalweatheringchamberandshakeitvigorouslyfortenminutes
Youmightwanttotaketurnswiththisone.
Conclusion
Explainhowchemicalweatheringcreatescavesandsinkholes
Whatisthedifferencebetweenweatheringanderosion?
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Erosion

Objective

Observe and record the different effects of weathering.

Materials

  • Pen/Pencil
  • Sand
  • Pebbles
  • Large pan/Cookie sheet
  • Small Cups (3)
  • Small Lid (1)
  • Ruler
  • Popsicle sticks
  • Chalk
  • Vinegar
  • Water
  • Drinking straws (2)

Steps

  1. Make a pile of sand in the middle of the pan.
  2. Now lightly blow across the sand and pebbles with the straws.
  3. Make a “sand mountain” by piling sand up on one side of your pan.
  4. Hold the ruler in the mountain so that the sand covers up to the 10 centimeter mark.
  5. Make a “rain cup” by taking one of your small cups and poking holes into the bottom of the cup with your pen or pencil.
  6. Hold your “rain cup” over your mountain and fill the other cup with water.
  7. Pour the water from the second cup into your “rain cup” – the water will now “rain”.
  8. After the rain has stopped, measure the height of the remaining sand.
  9. Make a second mountain exactly like the first.
  10. Using the popsicle sticks, build a dam on one side of the mountain.
  11. Now “rain” on your new mountain and record the height.
  12. Make a chemical weathering chamber by adding a piece of chalk to the last small cup and filling it ½ full with vinegar.
  13. Put the lid on your chemical weathering chamber and shake it vigorously for ten minutes – You might want to take turns with this one.

Conclusion

  • Explain how chemical weathering creates caves and sinkholes
  • What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

Name _____________________________________ Date _______

Introduction

The atmosphere of our planet is constantly changing the surface of the Earth. Rocks

are continually weathered down by wind, water, chemicals, and ice. After the rocks are broken down into smaller pieces we call sediment, they are eroded away and deposited

in lake beds and on the ocean floor. Wind erosion is the process by which wind moves

sand or soil from one location to another. Wind erosion changes the environment,

especially if there is nothing to block its effects. Water erosion is the process by which

water moves sand or soil from one location to another. Water erosion may change the

environment, especially if there is nothing to support the sand or soil. Chemical

weathering is the process by which chemicals in water wear away the surface of the earth by reacting with rocks and minerals.

Weathering : The process by which water, wind, and ice wear down rocks and other

exposed surfaces.

Erosion : The movement of weathered rock by wind, water, ice, or gravity.

Materials Needed

  • Pen/Pencil
  • Sand
  • Pebbles
  • Large pan/Cookie sheet
  • Small Cups (3)
  • Small Lid (1)
  • Ruler
  • Popsicle sticks
  • Chalk
  • Vinegar
  • Water
  • Drinking straws (2)
  1. Explain how chemical weathering creates caves and sinkholes.

  1. Explain the difference between weathering and erosion.