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Equilibrium and Thermodynamics Worksheet, Study notes of Thermodynamics

Equilibrium and Thermodynamics Worksheet. CHEM 212. 1. Write a generalized equilibrium expression for the following reaction. aA + bB ⬄ cC + dD.

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2022/2023

Uploaded on 05/11/2023

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Equilibrium)and)Thermodynamics)Worksheet)
CHEM)212)
1. Write(a(generalized(equilibrium(expression(for(the(following(reaction.(
aA(+(bB((cC(+(dD(
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2. State(the(units(for(each(phase(below(necessary(for(the(equilibrium(expression.((If(a(phase(does(
not(participate,(explain(why.(
Phase(
units(
Gas(
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Aqueous(
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Liquid(
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solid(
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3. Circle(each(of(the(following(species(that(do(not(participate(in(the(equilibrium(expression.(
H2O( ( CO32K(aq)( ( Y2(CO3)3((s)( ( CO2((g)((( CH3OH(
BaSO4((s)(HCO3K((aq)(
What(do(the(circled(answers(have(in(common?(
(
(
(
Manipulating)Equilibrium)constants)
Forward(and(reverse(reactions(
aA(+(bB((cC(+(dD(and((cC(+(dD(aA(+(bB(
Write(each(equilibrium(expression(for(each(equation.(
(
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What(is(the(relationship(between(equilibrium(constants((Ks)?(
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Adding(reactions(
Write(the(final(reaction(and(equilibrium(expression(for(each(reaction.(
aA(+(bB((cC(+(dD( K1(
(cC(+(eE((fF( ( K2(
(((Kf(
(
What(is(the(relationship(between(the(Ks?(
(
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Equilibrium and Thermodynamics Worksheet CHEM 212

  1. Write a generalized equilibrium expression for the following reaction. aA + bB  cC + dD
  2. State the units for each phase below necessary for the equilibrium expression. If a phase does not participate, explain why. Phase units Gas Aqueous Liquid solid
  3. Circle each of the following species that do not participate in the equilibrium expression. H 2 O CO 32 -­‐(aq) Y 2 (CO 3 )3 (s) CO2 (g) CH 3 OH BaSO4 (s) HCO 3 -­‐^ (aq) What do the circled answers have in common? Manipulating Equilibrium constants Forward and reverse reactions aA + bB  cC + dD and cC + dD aA + bB Write each equilibrium expression for each equation. What is the relationship between equilibrium constants (Ks)? Adding reactions Write the final reaction and equilibrium expression for each reaction. aA + bB  cC + dD K 1 cC + eE  fF K 2 Kf What is the relationship between the Ks?

Thermodynamics Define the following terms in words and state if positive or negative is favorable: enthalpy entropy Gibb’s free energy Spontaneous? Spontanaity is predicted by: Δ Gr= Δ Hr-­‐T Δ Sr Complete the table and predict if the reaction would be spontaneous. ΔHr ΔSr ΔGr Spontaneous?

  • -­‐ -­‐ + -­‐ -­‐ What is the equation relating the equilibrium constant and Free energy What is Le Chatlier’s principle in words? When can heat be considered as a reactant or product? In which direction is a reaction spontaneous? Q is the reaction quotient and can be used in nonequilibrium situations to determine the direction in which a reaction will be spontaneous. K is Q at equilibrium. Equilibrium is a lowest energy state predicted using thermodynamic data. However, it does not say if a reaction will happen or how fast. If a reaction will really happen also depends on kinetics, which is not discussed in this course.