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Class: SOC - Sociology 1 - Introduction; Subject: Sociology; University: Athabasca University; Term: Forever 1989;
Typology: Quizzes
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Current explanations for increases in asthma may not be useful (ie. Changes in disease severity, diagnostic substitution of bronchitis and other respiratory illnesses by asthma or diffs in supply and character of medical care) because these would all point to a reasonably uniform national trend. Findings show great variation, ie. Hispanics has annual increases of 6.8%, white non-hispanics a decrease by 0.9%, low-income zip codes showed largest increases, etc. Children may be underdiagnosed in one study, undiagnosed asthma was found in 14.2% of all students in 2 schools. Asthmatic children have more learning disabilities and grade failure. Asthma is financially burdensome. Despite growing concern, there is little public health recognition of the crisis. Some researchers attribute asthma increase to poor health care, but there is growing support for a linkage to air pollution. TERM 3
Veterans are caught up in the politics of medical research and diagnostic uncertainty, so they are unable to legitimate their illnesses. Citizen activists acquire scientific knowledge by joining together with experts who have abandoned their allegiance to corporate/govt sponsors. Ordinary, nonprofessional people are playing pioneering roles in areas such as environmental causes of breast cancer, effects of air pollution on environmental diseases. Laypeople have been self-educated, self-organized and have succeeded at scientifically identifying environmentally induced diseases and their likely causes. Citizens assume that human experience is a valid mode of knowing the world, and they challenge normal sciences claim to value neutrality. They acknowledge that their research is value-driven. Citizen action is necessary because govt agencies and professionals often side with business in actively opposing connections between health and the environment. TERM 4
Breast cancer activists argue that synthetic estrogens are potentially able to disrupt the bodys endocrine system, interfering with its ability to deliver hormones to the blood stream. Research has revealed inconsistent results, but this precautionary approach sees an obligation to control the dangerous substances even before there is a definitive causal link to health effects. Has led to EPA creation of a testing program to evaluate a large number of chemical for their estrogenicity first time a govt agency has decided to examine a major proportion of chemicals now in use. Has also influenced the Food Quality Protection Act, and an Act to screen and test drinking water for endocrine disrupting chemicals, and others.