Download Environmental Risk Assessment and Management: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Managerial Economics in PDF only on Docsity!
risk assessment
government must use scientists' evaluation of an environmental hazard to formally assess the environmental problem and the risk to society TERM 2
risk management (After risk
assessment)
DEFINITION 2 public officials must decide an appropriate course of action or policy response to reduce that risk TERM 3
risk
DEFINITION 3 The chance of something bad happening TERM 4
policy
DEFINITION 4 a formal response to risks faced by society TERM 5
Classifying risk: (voluntary risk)
DEFINITION 5 risk that is deliberately assumed at an individual level
Classifying risk: (involuntary risk)
risk beyond one's control and not the result of a willful decision TERM 7
Environmental Risk
DEFINITION 7 Involuntary risk of exposure to an environmental hazard (pollutant emissions and toxic substances) TERM 8
Hazard
DEFINITION 8 The source of the damage or the negative externality (poisonous factory emissions or toxic chemicals dumped into a river) TERM 9
exposure
DEFINITION 9 pathways between the source of the damage and the affected population or resource. TERM 10
risk assessment
DEFINITION 10 qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the risk posed to health or the ecology by an environmental hazard
exposure assessment
measures the magnitude, frequency, and duration of exposure, pathways and routes, and any sensitivies TERM 17
risk characterization
DEFINITION 17 description of expected risk, how the risk was assessed, and areas in need of policy decisions quantitative- identifies magnitude of the risk and provides a way to compare one risk to another. qualitative component- gives context to the numerical risk value. Gives a description TERM 18
Reference dose (RfD)
DEFINITION 18 milligrams of a pollutant per body weight (in kilograms [ pound = 0.45359237 kg]) per day that can be tolerated over a lifetime without harm. TERM 19
Ecological Risk Assessment problem
formulation
DEFINITION 19 identifies the ecological entity that is potentially at risk TERM 20
Ecological Risk Assessment analysis phase
DEFINITION 20 identifies information to predict ecological responses to environmental hazards under various exposure conditions
Ecological Risk Assessment Risk
Characterization
same as before TERM 22
Risk Management
DEFINITION 22 The decision-making process of evaluating and choosing from alternative response to environmental risk. 1. Determine what level of risk is "acceptable" to society 2. Evaluate and select the "best" policy instrument to achieve that risk level TERM 23
Tasks of risk management determining
"acceptable" risk
DEFINITION 23 Amount of risk determined to be tolerable for society TERM 24
de minimis risk
DEFINITION 24 a negligible level of risk such that reducing it further would not justify associated costs TERM 25
comparative risk analysis
DEFINITION 25 an evaluation of relative risk EPA programs should be guided by the principle of relative risk reduction- the agency should order its policy decisions to reduce the most severe environmental risks first.
