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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Study Guide pg. 1 Compare the nervous system and the endocrine system. (response time / duration / range of effects) Nervous Endocrine How do hormones cause their effects to be produced?
What factors determine a cell’s response to a hormone?
What are the different types of stimuli that affect the release of a hormone? Give an example of each.
What is up regulation? What is down regulation? PITUITARY GLAND Identify the two parts of the pituitary gland, identify their origins, the type of tissue they’re made of, and their means of stimulating hormone release. Posterior (neurohypophysis) Anterior (adenohypophysis) origin tissue type release stimulus
What hormones does the neurohypophysis secrete? What do they do? What is their specific release stimulus? Hormone Function(s) Stimulus of release
What hormones does the adenohypophysis produce? What do they do? What is their specific release stimulus? Hormone Function Stimulus of release
THYROID GLAND Identify the different parts of the thyroid gland and state their function: follicle – follicular cells – parafollicular cells – colloid – Identify the differences between the two thyroid hormones. T3 (triiodothyronine) T4 (thyroxine)
What does the adrenal medulla secrete? Which one does it release more of? What do those hormones do? How is their release controlled? PANCREAS Is it an endocrine gland or an exocrine gland (or is it both)? Which area is endocrine? List its different cells and they hormone they produce. cell hormone function(s)
Identify and explain the “3 polys” of diabetes mellitus. What causes and treats the two types of DM?
cause treatment Type I (aka ) Type II (aka )
What is the exocrine portion of the pancreas gland? What does it secrete? What does it secrete into? What are the purposes of the pineal gland? Identify 4 other organs that may occasionally act as endocrine glands and the hormone secreted from each, along with its purpose. List an antagonist or a protagonist (synergist) for each of these hormones (if there are both; some have only one or the other). Hormone antagonist protagonist (synergist) ADH (antidiuretic hormone) aldosterone ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide calcitonin glucagon Growth hormone insulin parathyroid hormone T3 / T
