Download EMT State Exam Practice Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
EMT STATE EXAM with 100% Verified
Solutions |Rated A+
The role of the EMS Provider is to do all of the following EXCEPT: - ✔✔Provide definitive diagnosis In what portion should an unconscious overdose patient be transported to a hospital? - ✔✔On his/her side Which of the following pieces of equipment is especially designed and useful for removing patients from heights or for carrying them over rough terrain or rubble? - ✔✔Stokes basket The prehospital care report (PCR) is considered to be: - ✔✔A part of the patients hospital chart EMS providers must be certified to perform legally at their level of training. The New York State law that establishes this level is the: - ✔✔Public Health Law In consent is refused by a conscious and mentally competent adult, that person CANNOT be treated without: - ✔✔Orders from Medical Control You are called to a rural home by the mother of a 4-year-old girl. Upon arrival, you begin to treat a dog- bite wound on the girls arm when the girl's father comes into the house and tells you to leave her alone. The mother asks you to continue your care of the child. Faced with the situation above, you should: - ✔✔Continue care of the girl in her mother's presence and notify police Providing care within the scope practice would be considered to be an accordance with: - ✔✔State law An accident victim who is a minor has blood spurting from the brachial artery. The parents are not present. Which one of the following actions should the EMS provider take? - ✔✔Presume that parental consent is implied and proceed with treatment
You are called to the residence of a 74-year-old female who has fallen and has a large area of ecchymosis on her left hip. You are met by a neighbor, who was caring for the patient while her daughter was out of town. The neighbor explains that the patient has a history of Alzheimer's and presents a NYS Department of Health Non-Hospital Order Not to Resuscitate (DNR) form. This patient is unable to communicate, so you should: - ✔✔Treat the patient for a potential hip fracture Approximately how many liters of blood does an adult male weighing 150 lb have in his body? - ✔✔ 6 liters An EMS provider responds to a call and finds an 80-year-old female with no pulse or respirations. The patient has a history of terminal brain cancer. The family states that the last time she was seen alive was just 5 minutes prior calling EMS. They also state that the patient has a DNR order. In New York State, EMS personnel may accept which of the following DNR instruments as valid? - ✔✔Written nonhospital DNR The OPPOSITE of distal is: - ✔✔Proximal The alveoli of the lungs are in close contact with the: - ✔✔Pulmonary capillaries The tubelike anatomical structure that carries air from the throat to the lungs is the: - ✔✔Trachea The smooth glistening membranous sac in the body that surrounds each lung is called the: - ✔✔Pleura The oropharyngeal airway is MOST APPROPRIATELY used in a/an: - ✔✔Unconscious patient being ventilated by a bag-valve-mask You are suctioning a trauma patient who has large blood clots present in the mouth. You should: - ✔✔Sweet the clots out of the mouth before suctioning Which liter flow is INAPPRORIATE for oxygen administration via a nasal cannula? - ✔✔ 7 - 8 liters/minute Food and liquids are prevented from entering the trachea by the: - ✔✔Epiglottis
For a trauma victim with a respiratory rate of 40/min, shallow and irregular, who is pale and has a history of emphysema, the MOST APPROPRIATE treatment would be to: - ✔✔Use a bag-valve-mask with supplemental oxygen The most reliable early indicator used to assess a patients overall condition is the patients - ✔✔Mental status In assessing a trauma patient, an EMS Provider should consider the patients past: - ✔✔Medical history All of the following are considered signs EXCEPT: - ✔✔Nausea The diastolic blood pressure is the level of pressure present during: - ✔✔Relaxation of the heart Systolic blood pressure indicates the pressure when the: - ✔✔Ventricles are contracting If life-threatening conditions are identified during the Secondary Assessment, the EMS provider should IMMEDIATELY: - ✔✔Provide life-saving interventions If the EMS Provider conducting a patient assessment discovers eye pupils of unequal size, he/she should suspect: - ✔✔Head injury In performing a reassessment on a 10-year-old pedestrian struck by a motor vehicle, the EMS Providers first step is to: - ✔✔Repeat the Primary Assessment The central nervous system consists of the: - ✔✔Brain and spinal cord Which of the following usually follows a convulsion? - ✔✔Drowsiness The signs or symptoms of an allergic reaction include all of the following EXCEPT: - ✔✔High blood pressure
Which one of the following symptoms is NOT an early signal of anaphylaxis? - ✔✔Seizures Autoinjectors for anaphylactic patients contain: - ✔✔Epinephrine A sudden-onset altered mental status with a history of diabetes will exhibit which of the following signs and/or symptoms? - ✔✔Rapid pulse and cool and clammy skin A 28-year-old patient presents supine on the floor, unconscious, unresponsive, and with snoring respirations at a rate of 6 per minute. Bystanders report that the patient is diabetic, takes no medications, and may have ingested heroin half an hour prior to the EMS Providers arrival. After opening the patients airway, the EMS provider should: - ✔✔Insert an airway adjunct and ventilate with 100% oxygen using a bag-valve-mask A patient with a history of diabetes has an altered mental status due to diabetic emergency. The EMS provider should: - ✔✔Administer a sugar concentrate, if there is no danger that the patient will aspirate A diabetic emergency with a rapid onset is due to: - ✔✔Too much insulin Which of the following result(s) from hypoglycemia? - ✔✔Drowsiness and confusion caused by lack of glucose to the brain A sign or symptom of decreased oxygen to the heart muscle is: - ✔✔Chest pain Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic finding in a patient who is having a heart attack? - ✔✔Unequal pupils An EMS provider is called to the home of a 75-year-old man who complains of crushing substernal chest pain which began 1 hour ago while eating lunch. He has taken two nitroglycerin tablets with no relief. The EMS Provider should suspect: - ✔✔Myocardial infarction
Proper care for a conscious victim of a respiratory emergency is: - ✔✔Assisting the patient with his/her inhaler Which of the following blood components combats infection? - ✔✔White blood cell The function of the red blood cells is to: - ✔✔Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide When performing CPR of an infant, the MINIMUM rate if chest compressions is at least: - ✔✔100 per minute To perform external cardiac chest compressions on a 4-year-old child, you should use the: - ✔✔Heel of one hand If gastric distention occurs in a victim as a result of positive-pressure ventilation, the FIRST action the rescuer should take is to: - ✔✔Ensure proper tidal volume for visible chest rise Keeping the heel of the hand lightly in contact with the chest during the relaxation phase of chest compression is important because: - ✔✔Correct hand position can be maintained Shock I said to exist whenever there is: - ✔✔Inadequate tissue perfusion Which one of the following statements concerning the performance of CPR is CORRECT? - ✔✔Compression and chest recoil/relaxation times should be approximately equal The landmark for external cardiac compression on an infant should be: - ✔✔Just below the nipple line Which one of the following statements concerning the performance of CPR is CORRECT? - ✔✔Compression and chest recoil/relaxation times should be approximately equal The landmark for external cardiac compression on an infant should be: - ✔✔Just below the nipple line
While performing CPR on an average adult in cardiac arrest, the proper depth of compression is: - ✔✔At least 2 inches What is the PRIMARY sign indicating the need for CPR? - ✔✔Absence of a pulse When should the ventilator deliver the breath during two-rescuer adult CPR with an unprotected airway? - ✔✔After the thirtieth compression Which of the following burns would be categorized as critical in an adult? - ✔✔Full-thickness burns involving the total surface area of both hands Two life-threating complications which may be encountered in a patient with a cervical spinal cord injury are: - ✔✔Inadequate breathing effort and neurogenic shock A patient is lying unconscious, face down in a swimming pool, with a possible neck injury. After scene size-up, the EMS provider should: - ✔✔Stabilize the neck with his/her arms while rolling the patient over and securing a patent airway To extricate from an automobile a patient with a suspected cervical spine injury, which of the following mechanical aids should be employed FIRST? - ✔✔Rigid cervical collar In a condition in which spinal fluid leaks from a patients ear, proper treatment requires: - ✔✔A lightly applied dressing Elevated systolic blood pressure, a slow and bounding pulse, and abdominal respirations in unconscious patient may indicate: - ✔✔Increased intracranial pressure You receive a call for a "man down." The patient is unresponsive, pale, and cold to the touch, and has a very weak pulse. You should: - ✔✔Avoid rough handling and maintain body heat Regulation of normal temperature is PRIMARILY controlled by which organ? - ✔✔Skin
Patient #4 has a laceration across the abdomen that is bleeding profusely, and a portion of the colon is protruding Which patient should be treated and transported FIRST? - ✔✔Patient # According to the New York State Vehicle and Traffic Law, both emergency lights siren MUST be used whenever an ambulance: - ✔✔Proceeds through a red light with due caution While performing the scene size-up of a motor vehicle crash, an EMS Provider determine? are more patients than the responding unit can effectively handle. The best plan? to: - ✔✔Initiate a mass casualty plan A car hit a utility pole and an electrical wire fell on top of the car. Upon arrival, the EMS Provider see three apparently uninjured people in the car. The EMS providers first action should be to: - ✔✔Tell the car's occupants to stay in the car When you arrive at the site of a tank-truck accident that has resulted in a chemical spill with a gaseous cloud, where should you position the emergency vehicle? - ✔✔On the upwind side of the spill After an EMS call, some crew members begin discussing a recent case with some non-EMS personnel. This is unacceptable behavior because it is: - ✔✔A breach of the patient's privacy and is unethical Which form of consent allows you to treat an unconscious patient? - ✔✔Implied consent Another name for the left lateral position is: - ✔✔Recovery position In anatomic terms, an injury midway down the left forearm would be considered: - ✔✔Distal to the left elbow If a life-threatening problem is discovered during the Initial Assessment, you should: - ✔✔Correct the problem before continuing with the Initial Assessment
Which of the following is the BEST definition of the term "auscultation"? - ✔✔Listening The "A" in the mnemonic AVPU as it relates to patient assessment, stands for: - ✔✔Alert An unconscious trauma victim responds to painful stimuli in both extremities. The EMS Provider should presume that: - ✔✔There may still be a spinal injury The purpose of the first set of vital signs is to: - ✔✔Establish a baseline for additional evaluations The alveoli of the lungs are in close contact with the: - ✔✔Pulmonary capillaries The tubelike anatomical structure that carries air from the throat to the lungs is the: - ✔✔Trachea An unconscious patient with suspected spinal trauma has an obstruction caused by his tongue. Which of the following procedures is an accepted method for correcting this type of obstruction? - ✔✔Thrusting the patient's jaw forward The patient who makes a crowing noise (strider) while attempting to inhale has a: - ✔✔Mild airway obstruction with poor air exchange When performing abdominal thrusts on a conscious adult patient with a severe airway obstruction, the EMS Provider should place the thumb side of his/her hand against the patient's abdomen: - ✔✔Between the navel and the xiphoid process in the midline You are attempting to ventilate a patient through a stoma and you notice that the patient's chest does not rise completely. You feel an escaping from the patient's mouth and nose. Your next step should be to: - ✔✔manually seal the patient's mouth and nose A correct statement concerning airway management of a patient who has a suspected spinal cord injury is that: - ✔✔The airway always takes precedence over the cord injury; the airway must be opened regardless of the damage it might do to the cord
You have inserted an oropharyngeal airway into the mouth of an unconscious victim who reacts by having a gag reflex. You should: - ✔✔Remove the airway The proper technique for suctioning a patient's mouth is to suction: - ✔✔As you are withdrawing the catheter An unconscious, breathing 18-year-old patient has been rescued from a car that had the engine running. The patient's skin is red; vital signs are: BP = 110/70; P = 110; R = 18. Oxygen should, be administered with which of the following devices? - ✔✔Non-rebreathing mask You have attempted to insert a nasopharyngeal airway into the right nostril of a patient, but have encountered resistance, You should: - ✔✔Relubricate the tube and try the other nostril. Approximately how many liters of blood does an adult male weighing 150 lb. have in his body? - ✔✔ 6 liters How would you describe bleeding from a vein? - ✔✔Dark red; flowing steadily The PRINCIPAL cause of hypoperfusion (shock) in a victim with massive body burns is loss of: - ✔✔Plasma The type of hypoperfusion (shock) that results from a considerable loss of blood or fluid is: - ✔✔Hypovolemic Sudden dilation of the blood vessels causing the blood pressure to fall is called: - ✔✔Distributive shock Which of the following is a LATE sign of hypoperfusion (shock)? - ✔✔Falling blood pressure Which of the following are the signs of an allergic reaction? - ✔✔Decreased blood pressure, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing
Treatment for the patient in hypovolemic shock includes: - ✔✔Keeping the patient warm and on his/her back with the legs elevated What is the recommended procedure for the transportation of a severed limb to the hospital? - ✔✔Wrap the limb in sterile gauze, seal in a plastic bag, and keep the limb cool An automobile collision patient has a piece of glass that penetrated through his cheek and is bleeding severely from the injury. The EMS Provider should: - ✔✔Remove the glass and dress the wound only if the glass interferes with breathing To assess the circulatory status of a patient's limbs distal to an injury site, you should check: - ✔✔Pulses, skin color, and temperature A closed bone or joint injury is BEST defined as an injury: - ✔✔In which there is no break in the continuity of the skin After immobilizing a painful, swollen, deformed collarbone, your NEXT priority would be to: - ✔✔Check the radial Pulse The MOST SERIOUS problem associated with an injury to a joint is that this type of injury: - ✔✔Is frequently accompanied by nerve and vascular damage The recommended treatment for a painful, swollen deformity of the forearm is to immobilize the: - ✔✔Elbow and wrist A machine shop operator injured his hand while using a drill press. If the injured hand is to be splinted, the EMS Provider should splint it: - ✔✔In the position of function In the presence of good circulation, the EMS Provider should NOT straighten a dislocated joint before splinting because: - ✔✔There is danger of impairing nerve function and blood supply
Which areas of the spinal are comprised of five vertebrae each? - ✔✔Lumbar and sacrum At which of the following levels does injury to the spinal cord result in loss of arm and leg function? - ✔✔Cervical Loss of voice, severe airway obstruction, and air leakage into the soft tissue of the neck can result from an injury to the: - ✔✔Trachea You have arrived at the scene of an automobile accident. One of the victims has a bleeding, depressed scalp wound. What should you do? - ✔✔Loosely cover the wound with a sterile dressing In rescuing a diving accident victim from a swimming pool, the EMS Provider's FIRST action is to: - ✔✔Immobilize the victim's entire spine before removing him/her from the water A woman has slipped on the ice-covered sidewalk on her property. She has an injured jaw and is bleeding from a laceration of the tongue. You should. do all of the following EXCEPT: - ✔✔Bend the patient's head forward to move the tongue away from the airway A 65 year-old male was involved in a two-car motor vehicle crash. Upon examination, he complains of chest pain upon breathing and tenderness of the sternum. Your INITIAL care would be to: - ✔✔Administer high-concentration oxygen A chest injury may interfere mechanically with the functioning of the: - ✔✔Lungs You are treating a male patient who has a penetrating chest wound and frothy bright-red blood at the mouth. About 10 minutes after sealing the chest wall, you notice that the patient's breathing becomes much worse. At this point, you should: - ✔✔Lift one corner of the dressing Signs and symptoms of multiple broken ribs include: - ✔✔Unequal chest expansion, inadequate breathing, deformity, and pain
You are called to treat a patient with a chest injury. There is no suspected spinal injury. How should this patient be transported? - ✔✔In a position of comfort A high school football player has received a hard direct blow to the abdomen. Which of the following may indicate internal bleeding? - ✔✔Weak rapid pulse, tenderness, guarding, or pain in the abdomen Upon arriving at the scene of an accident, you find a victim who has bowel loops protruding through an abdominal laceration. You should cover the loops: - ✔✔With a moist sterile dressing A patient m severe pain due to an abdominal injury should be placed in which of the following positions? - ✔✔In a position of comfort A patient with a history of diabetes has an altered mental status due to a diabetic emergency. The EMS Provider should: - ✔✔Administer a sugar concentrate, if there is no danger that the patient will aspirate You are treating a patient who is complaining of chest pain and difficulty breathing. You should have the patient lie: - ✔✔In whatever position feels most comfortable According to one theory, the way in which nitroglycerin relieves chest pain is by: - ✔✔Dilating coronary arteries A sign or symptom of decreased oxygen to the heart muscle is: - ✔✔Chest pain A patient suffering from a diabetic emergency (hypoglycemia) will exhibit which of the following signs and/or symptoms? - ✔✔Rapid pulse and cool clammy skin A woman in her late 40s had been complaining of headaches and vision difficulties. On your arrival, you find that - she is responsive to pain, and has a droopy eyelid, unequal pupils and slow shallow respirations. Your FIRST action should be to: - ✔✔Administer high-concentration oxygen On arriving at a home, you find an alert three-year-old child who has ingested an unknown quantity of drain cleaner. Which of the following would you do FIRST? - ✔✔Consult with Medical Control
The FIRST objective in the care of any burn is to: - ✔✔Stop the burning process From which direction should you approach an airborne contamination incident? - ✔✔Upwind from the incident In a hazardous materials incident involving injuries, the FIRST thing you should do is to: - ✔✔Evaluate the potential hazard to you, the rescuer You are caring for a patient suffering from a heat emergency. The patient bas hot dry skin. Which of the following should. NOT he done? - ✔✔Maintain body temperature The treatment for an unconscious patient with generalized hypothermia would be to: - ✔✔Prevent further heat loss and transport gently Proper rewarming of a late or deep local cold injury to the hand is accomplished by: - ✔✔Immersion in warm water Life-threatening signs of a heat emergency include: - ✔✔High temperature and dry skin You receive a call for a "man down." The patient is unresponsive, pale, and cold to the touch, and has a very weak pulse. You should: - ✔✔Avoid rough handling and maintain body heat When assessing the pulse of a hypothermic patient, you should check the pulse for how many seconds?
- ✔✔ 30 When caring for an alert, responsive, hypothermic patient you should: - ✔✔Apply beat packs to the groin, axillary, and cervical regions You respond to a call for a "possible suicide." A 16-year-old female is locked in the basement. The patient's mother does not know if the patient has a weapon. Your first action should be to: - ✔✔Await law enforcement
The situation when a family member verbally or physically abuses another family member is known as: - ✔✔Domestic dispute/violence The appropriate action to take when you MUST apply restraints to an emotionally disturbed patient who is a danger to himself and others is to remove the straps: - ✔✔When directed by a physician at the hospital If you suspect that a patient is a victim of child abuse, you should: - ✔✔Notify the local child protective agency and complete the DSS form The packaging of a supine spine injury patient is BEST accomplished by using a/an: - ✔✔Orthopedic stretcher (scoop stretcher) You are the first EMS Provider to arrive at the scene of an automobile crash where you find an unstable vehicle overturned onto its side. You should FIRST: - ✔✔Determine the number of victims According to the New York State Vehicle and Traffic Law, both emergency lights siren MUST be used whenever an ambulance: - ✔✔Proceeds through a red light with due caution You are the first EMS Provider to arrive on the scene of a head-on automobile accident where you find the following: Patient #1 appears to be intoxicated has pain in his right shoulder, and is belligerent toward the rescuers Patient #2 also appears to be intoxicated and is very slow in responding to questions. He has burns on his lower legs and feet from the car heater and complains 0f a pain in his back Patient #3 has an open wound to the brain, which is not bleeding, He has no pulse or respiration, and his chest pinned between the steering wheel and the seat
