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QUESTION In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur: Answer: . oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar-capillary membrane. QUESTION Which of the following statements regarding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is correct? Choose one answer. A. MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics. B. The communicable period for MRSA is 10 days to 2 weeks after being infected. C. Studies have shown that less than 1% of health care providers are MRSA carriers. D. Most cases of MRSA transmission occur following an accidental needlestick. Answer: MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics. QUESTION Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as:
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In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur: Answer:
. oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar-capillary membrane.
Which of the following statements regarding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is correct? Choose one answer. A. MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics. B. The communicable period for MRSA is 10 days to 2 weeks after being infected. C. Studies have shown that less than 1% of health care providers are MRSA carriers. D. Most cases of MRSA transmission occur following an accidental needlestick. Answer: MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics.
Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as: Answer: inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells.
Upon initial contact with a patient who appears to be unconscious, you should Answer: attempt to elicit a verbal response by talking to the patient
Which of the following conditions would LEAST likely result in hypoxia? A. pleural effusion B. pulmonary edema C. prolonged seizures D. severe anxiety Answer: D. severe anxiety
Syphilis is a: Answer: bloodborne disease that can successfully be treated with penicillin
Which of the following clinical signs is unique to anaphylactic shock? Choose one answer. A. hypotension B. wheezing C. pallor D. dizziness Answer: wheezing
A. The risk of HIV infection is greatest when deposited on a mucous membrane or directly into the bloodstream. B. HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B and is easily transmitted in the health care setting. C. Most patients who are infected with HIV experience chronic symptoms that vary in duration and severity. D. The risk of HIV infection is high, even if an infected person's blood comes in contact with your intact skin. Answer: The risk of HIV infection is greatest when deposited on a mucous membrane or directly into the bloodstream.
Gas exchange in the lungs is facilitated by: Answer: adequate amounts of surfactant.
Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia? Choose one answer. A. tachycardia Incorrect B. anxiety Incorrect C. restlessness D. cyanosis Answer: cyanosis
An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as: Choose one answer. A. the invasion of the human body by a bacterium that cannot be destroyed by antibiotics or other drugs.
B. a disease that can be spread from one person or species to another through a number of mechanisms. C. a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body. D. any disease that enters the body via the bloodstream and renders the immune system nonfunctional. Answer: C. a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body. Correct
Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during: Answer: cardiogenic shock
Reassessment of a patient with a medical complaint should begin by Answer: repeating the primary assessment
an organ or tissue may be better to resis damage from hypperfusion if the Answer: body temperature is consistently less than 98.6F (37.0)
the electrical impulse by the heart originates in the
Answer: Alzheimers dieses
significant vital signs changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than of his or her blood Answer: 20%
What is a fact of hemophilia's? Answer: may bleed spontaneously
as red blood cells begin to clumb together to form a clot, reinforces the clumped red blood cells Answer: fibrinogen
when assessing arm movement of a suspected stroke, you should Answer: expect to see one arm slowly drift down to the patients side
hypoperfusion is another name for
Answer: shock
CPAP is indicated for patients who: Answer: have pulmonary edema and can follow verbal commands.
When the body senses a state of hypoperfusion, the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine, the effects of which include: Answer: tachycardia
Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing? Choose one answer. A. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin B. 30 breaths/min with supraclavicular retractions and clammy skin C. 20 breaths/min with shallow movement of the chest wall and pallor D. 22 breaths/min with an irregular pattern of breathing and cyanosis Answer: 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin Correct
Which of the following will MOST reliably allow you to determine the nature of a patient's illness? Choose one answer. A. asking questions related to the chief complaint
Structures of the lower airway include all of the following, EXCEPT the: Choose one answer. A. trachea. B. alveoli. C. epiglottis. D. bronchioles. Answer: C. epiglottis.
The jaw-thrust maneuver is used to open the airway of patients with suspected: Answer: cervical spine injuries
Without adequate oxygen, the body's cells: Answer: incompletely convert glucose into energy, and lactic acid accumulates in the blood.
19 - year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should: Answer: remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
Inhalation occurs when the Answer: diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure.
Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as: Answer: shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
Hyperventilation could be associated with all of the following, EXCEPT: Choose one answer. A. a respiratory infection. B. an overdose of aspirin. C. high blood glucose levels. D. a narcotic overdose. Answer: a narcotic overdose
You are dispatched to a residence where a middle-aged man was found unconscious in his front yard. There are no witnesses who can tell you what happened. You find him in a prone position; his eyes are closed and he is not moving. Your FIRST action should be to: Answer: log roll him as a unit to a supine position.
In what area of the lungs does respiration occur?
Distributive shock occurs when: Answer: widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds.
The two processes that occur during respiration are Answer: inspiration and expiration.
Which of the following statements regarding the hypoxic drive is MOST correct? Choose one answer. A. Chronic carbon dioxide elimination often results in activation of the hypoxic drive. B. 100% supplemental oxygen will always cause apnea in patients with a hypoxic drive. C. The hypoxic drive serves as the primary stimulus for breathing in healthy individuals. D. The hypoxic drive stimulates a person to breathe on the basis of low oxygen levels. Answer: The hypoxic drive stimulates a person to breathe on the basis of low oxygen levels.
activated charcoal administration is contraindicated in patients who have ingested Answer: acids or alkalies
anaphylaxis is mod accurately defines as an Answer: extreme allergic reaction that may affect multiple body systems
what is not an assessment parameter included in the cincinati prehospital stroke scale Answer: memory
what is not a function of the sympathetic nervous system? Answer: constriction of blood vessels in the digestive system,
an absence seizure is also referred to as Answer: petit mal seizure
which of the following is a metabolic cause of a seizure Answer: poisoning
the most significant risk factor for a hemorragic stroke is Answer: hypertension
cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because Answer: there is not enough time between contractions for the heart to refill
because the stinger of a honeybee remains in the wound following sting Answer: it can continue to inject venom up to 20 mins
your unit is dispatched to the county jail for an inmate. on arrival, you find the patient a 33 year old male lying supine in a jail cell. He is responsive to painful stimuli only has a slow, shallow respirations. you should be most concerned that this patient Answer: may vomit and aspirate
air bags are designed to Answer: decrease the severity of deceleration injuries
functions of the liver include Answer: production of substances necessary for blood clotting
the normal blood glucose level as measured by a glucometer is between Answer: 80 and 120 mg/dl
epinephrine is indicated for patients with an allergic reaction when Answer: wheezing and hypotension are present
sudden death following AMI is most often caused by Answer: ventricular fibirillation
the head and brain receive their supply of oxygenated blood from the Answer: carotid arteries
Answer: ask her if she has prescribed epi
esophageal varicose most commonly occur in patients Answer: drink a lot of alcohol
urticaria is the medical term for Answer: hives
a patient with an altered mental status Answer: is not thinking clearly or is incapable of being aroused
hypoglycemic crisis tends to develop more often and severely in children Answer: they do not always eat correctly and on schedule
you arrive at the scene of a 33 year old woman who i experiencing a generalized seizure. she has a small amount of vomiyus draining from the side of her mouth. after protecting her from further injury. you should Answer: maintain her airway, suction her airway, insert nasopharyngerl airway. admin high flow o
an important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to Answer: provide emotional support to the hospital
pain that is localized to the lower back and/or lower abdominal quadrants is most suggestive of Answer: aortic aneurysm
gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with Answer: hematemsis
the inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart from all the following areas(kidney abdomen legs) except the Answer: brain