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1. A dysbarism injury refers to the signs and symptoms related to changes in Ans bariometric pressure 2. An air embolism associated with diving occurs when Ans ifs the diver holds their breath during rapid ascent 3. breath- holding syncope is caused by a decreased stimulus to breathe and occurs when Ans a swimmer hyperventilates prior to entering the water 4. Burns associated with lighting strikes are typically Ans superficial 5. common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include all of the following except Ans hot, dry skin 6. covering a patients Ans head 7. drowning is most accurately defined as Wiis death from suffocation after submer- sion in water 8. geriatric patients, newborns, and infants are especially prone to hyperther- mia because they Ans exhibit poor thermoregulation 9. high air temperature reduced the body's ability to lose heat by Ans radiation 10. high humidity reduces the body's ability to lose heat through Ans evaporation 11. the diving reflex might al Ans bradycardia and a slowing of the metabolic rate 12. the most prominent symptom of decompression sickness is WAS abdominal or joint paint 13. the transfer of heat to circulating air, such as when cool air moves across the body's surface is called Ans convection 14. the two most efficient ways for the body to eliminate excess heat are sweating and vasodilation 15. the venom of a black widow spider is toxic to the Ans nervous system 16. to obtain the most accurate reading of a patients core body temp, you should place a special hypothermia thermometere As into the pateints rectum 17. whena warm hand is immersed in water that is 70F, heat is transferred from the hand 2/95 20. which of the following statements regarding lightning strikes is correct? a. cervical spine fractures are the most common cause of lightening related death b. lighting strikes might cause cardiac dysthymias that spontaneously resolve c. victims who are struck by lighting experience severe full thickness burns d. the tissue damage pathway caused by lighting usually occurs through the skin Ans b. lighting strikes might cause cardiac dysthymias that spontaneously resolve 21.a is a musculoskeletal injury in whicch there is partial or tem- porary separation of the bone ends as well as partial streching or tearing of supporting ligaments Ans sprain 22. a fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a fracture Ans pathologic 23. a(n) fracture occurs in the growth section of a child's bone and might lead to bone growth abnormalities. Ans epiphyseal 24. atrophy is a condition that occurs when Ans muscle decreases in size and function because of disease or trauma 25. bone marrow produces Ans blood cells 26. common signs and symptoms of a sprain include all of the following except a. swelling b. guarding c. deformity d. ecchymosis Wifis c. deformity 27. in which of the following situations should the emt splint an injured limb in the position of deformity Ans if resistance is encountered or the patient expeirecnes severe pain 28. of the following musculoskeletal injuries, which is the least severe? a. open fractures of a long bone b. multiple closed long bone fractures c. an amputation of an extremity d. non displaced pelvic fracture Ans d. non displaced pelvic fracture 29. skeletal muscle is also referred to as muscle. Wins striated 30. skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough, ropelike fibrous struc- tures called Ans tendons 31. the act of pulling on a body structure in the direction of its normal align- ment is called Ans traction 32. the most commonly fractured bone(s) in the body is the Ans clavicle 34. traction splints primarily immobilize and secure fractures of the Ans Ans femur 35. when splinting a possible fracture of the foot it is most important for the emt to Ans Ans leave the toes exposed (to check circulation and neuro) 36. which of the following fractures has the greatest potential for internal blood loss and shock? Ans pelvis 37. which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is correct? a. compartment syndrome typically develops within 6-12 hours after an injury b. most cases of compartment syndrome occur following a severe fracture of the pelvis. c. in most cases, compartment syndrome developes within a few minutes after an injury. d. compartment syndrome occurs because of increased pressure within the bone cavity. Wns a. compartment syndrome typically develops within 6-12 hours after an injury 38. which of the following statements regarding striated muscle is correct? a. most of the body's striated muscle is found within the walls of the blood vessels. b. striated muscle tissue is attached directly to the bones by tough bands of cartilage Cc. it forms the major muscle mass of the body and usually crosses at least one joint d. striated muscle is involuntary because you have no conscious control over it Ans c. it forms the major muscle mass of the body and usually crosses at least one joint 39. which of the following structures is regulated by smooth muscle? a. skeleton b. blood vessels c. diaphragm d. heart Ans b. blood vessels 40. which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain? Ans skeletal 41. a sign of kidney damage after blunt trauma is Ans hematuria (blood in pee) 42. accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will most likely cause Ans WARS dis- tension 43. all of the following are hallow abdominal organs except the Ans spleen 44. because the depth of an open abdominal wound is difficult to determine Ans a prompt transport to the hospital is essential 52. placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of pregnancy Ans might decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart 53. the mesentery is Ans a membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the walls of the body. 54. the presence of tachycarida following a significant abdominal injury Ans Ans - should be assumed to be a sign of shock 55. When a hollow organ is punctured during a penetrating injury to the abdomen Ans Ans peritonitis might not develop for several hours 56. when documenting a call involving a female patient who was sexually assaulted, the emt should Ans a. include a description of the suspect b. include vaginal exam results c. avoid speculation and document only factual data d. theorize to why it happened MAS c. avoid speculation and document only factual data 57. which of the following organs is at most risk for an injury as the result of a pelvic 10/95 fracture? a. pancreas b. fallopian tubes c. liver or spleen d. urinary bladder Ans d. urinary bladder 58. which of the following organs would most likely bleed profusely when injured? a. stomach b. liver 64. A simple pneumothorax Ans A. heals on its own without any treatment. B. often has a nontraumatic cause. C. is commonly caused by blunt chest trauma. D. is caused by penetrating chest trauma. asc. is commonly caused by blunt chest trauma. 65. An open pneumothorax occurs when Ans A. a fractured rib perforates the tissue of the lung. B. an open chest wound through which air moves in during breathing C. extreme pleural pressure causes the lung to rupture. D. air enters the pleural space from a perforated lung. Ans B. an open chest wound through which air moves in during breathing 66. elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when Ans Mfg the intercostal muscles contract 67. hemoptysis Wis coughing up blood 68. if a patient with a chest If a patient with a chest injury is only able to inhale small amounts of air per breath, he or she WAS must increase his or her respiratory rate to maintain adequate minute volume 69. Ifa person's tidal volume decreases, but his or her respiratory rate remains unchanged Ansa. minute volume will increase.B. minute volume will decrease.C. minute volume will remain unchanged.D. excess carbon dioxide will be elimi- nated. Ans minute volume will decrease 70. Irritation or damage to the pleural surfaces that causes sharp chest pain during inhalation is called Ansa. pleurisy.B. dyspnea.C. pneumonitis.D. pneu- mothorax Ans pleurisy 71. patients with rib fractures.... Ans breathe rapidly and shallowly. 72. pneuomothorax is defined as Ans Wiis accumulation of air in the pleural space 73. signs and symptoms of a tension pneummothorax include all of the follow- ing, exceptL a. altered mental status b. collapsed jular veins c. unilaterally absent breath sounds d. profound cyanosis Ans b. collapsed jular veins 74. Subcutaneous emphysema is an indication that isa. at least half of one lung has completely collapsed.B. your patient is experiencing a pericardial tamponade.C. air is escaping into the chest wall from a damaged lung.D. blood is slowly accumulating within the tissue of the lung. 14/95 c. trachea d. vena cavea is a. lungs 81. A short backboard or vest-style immobilization device is indicated for patients who? Ans are ina sitting position and are clinically stable 82. an epidural hematoma is most accurately defined as Wiis bleeding between the skull and dura mater 83. coordination of balance and body movement is controlled by the Ans Wilis cerebel- lum 84. in contrast to a cerebral concussion, a cerebral contusion Ans iis involves physi- cal injury to the brain tissue 85. once a c-collar has been applied to a patient with a sp ans it causes a problem managing airway 86. signs and symptoms that might be found in a patient who has experienced a concussion include Ans Ans nausea and rining in the ears 87. the nervous system consists of 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves Ans peripheral2 88. the CNS is composed of the Ans brain and spinal cord 89. the frontal and parietal bones of the skull are especially susceptible to Wiis jaw-thrust maneuver 98. when placing a patient onto a long backbaord, the EMT at the patients is in charge of all the movements Ans head 99. which of the following interventions may be used to help reduce inter-cra- nial pressure? Ans 30 degree elevation of the head 100. you should be most suspicious that a patient has experienced a signifi- cant head injury is his or her pulse is Ans slow 101. bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is most effectively controlled with WMA ice packs and elevation of the patient's head 102. facial injuries should be identified and treated as soon as possible be- cause Ans of risk of airway issues 103. frequent reassessment Wis such injuries can affect the respiratory system 104. the adam's apple is fis the upper part of the larynx that is formed by the thyroid cartilage. 105. the conjunctiva are kept moist by fluid prodroduce by the Ans lacrimal gland 106. the cricoid cartilage Ans is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea 107. the eyeball itself is referred to as the Ans globe 108. the inner surface of the eyelids and the exposed surface of the eye itself are covered by a delicate membrane called the Ans Ans conjunctiva 109. the lower jawbone is called the iis mandible 110. the mastoid process is located approximately Ans 1" posterior to the external opening of the ear. 111. the skin and underlying tissues of the face