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EMT Final Exam Questions and Verified
Answers 100%
__________araysaeasilyapenetrateathroughatheahumanabodyaandarequirealeadaoraseveralainchesaofaco ncreteatoapreventapenetration.
- aBeta
- aNeutron
- aGamma
- aAlphaCORRECTaANSWER-Gamma ____________aisawhatayouacanaseeaofaaaperson'saresponseatoatheaenvironment.
- aNeurosis
- aPsychosis
- aAffect
- aBehaviorCORRECTaANSWER-Behavior "Gastro"ainatheaworda"gastroenteritis"ameans:
- atongue.
- abowel.
- astomach.a
- aintestine.CORRECTaANSWER-stomach "PASTE"aisaanaalternateaassessmentatoolafora___________.
- arespiratoryapatients
- astrokeapatients
- acardiacapatients
- aseizureapatientsCORRECTaANSWER-respiratoryapatients Aa"hip"afractureaisaactuallyaaafractureaofathe:
- aproximalafemur.
- afemoralashaft.
- apubicasymphysis.
- apelvicagirdle.CORRECTaANSWER-proximalafemur. Aa 12 - year- oldamaleajumpedaapproximatelya 12 afeetafromaaatreeaandalandedaonahisafeet.aHeacomplainsaofapaina toahisaloweraback.aWhatainjuryamechanismaisaMOSTalikelyaresponsibleaforahisabackapain?
- aLateralaimpactatoatheaspine
- aEnergyatransmissionatoatheaspine
- aSecondaryafallaafteratheainitialaimpact
- aDirectatraumaatoatheaspinalacolumnCORRECTaANSWER-Energyatransmissionatoatheaspine Aa 13 - year- oldachildaisaonaaahomeaventilator.aTheaparentsacalledabecauseatheamechanicalaventilatoraisamalfun ctioningaandatheachildahasaincreasingarespiratoryadistress.aYouashould:
- aresetatheaventilatorabyaunpluggingaitafora 30 atoa 60 aseconds.
- aplaceaaacallatoatheahomeahealthaagencyatreatingathisapatient.
- adisconnectatheaventilatoraandaapplyaaatracheostomyacollar.
- aattemptatoatroubleshootatheamechanicalaventilatoraproblem.CORRECTaANSWER- disconnectatheaventilatoraandaapplyaaatracheostomyacollar. Aa 15 - year- oldafemaleawasastruckabyaaasmallacarawhilearidingaherabicycle.aSheawasawearingaaahelmetaandawasa thrownatoatheaground,astrikingaherahead.aInaadditionatoamanagingaproblemsaassociatedawithaairway ,abreathing,aandacirculation,aitaisaMOSTaimportantaforayouato:
- aleaveaherabicycleahelmetaon.
- aapplyaoxygenaviaaaanonrebreathingamask.CORRECTaANSWER- directayourapartneratoabeginaventilatoryaassistance. Aa 19 - year- oldafemaleaisafoundaunconsciousabyaheraroommate.aYouraprimaryaassessmentarevealsathataherabre athingaisainadequate.aAsayouainsertaanaoropharyngealaairway,asheabeginsatoagagaviolently.aYouasho uld:
- acontinueatoainsertatheaairwayaasayouasuctionaheraoropharynx.
- ainsertatheaairwayanoafurtherabutaleaveaitainaplaceaasaaabiteablock.
- aremoveatheaairwayaandabeapreparedatoasuctionaheraoropharynx.
- aselectaaasmalleraoropharyngealaairwayaandaattemptatoainsertait.CORRECTaANSWER- removeatheaairwayaandabeapreparedatoasuctionaheraoropharynx. Aa 19 - year- oldafemaleawasastungamultipleatimesaonathealegsabyafireaants.aSheastatesathatasheaisaallergicatoafire aants,abutadoesanotacarryaheraownaepinephrine.aTheapatientaisaconsciousaandaalertaandacomplainsa ofapainatoatheaareaaofatheabites.aHerabloodapressureaisa122/70ammaHg,aherapulseaisa 100 abeats/mina andastrong,aandaherarespirationsaarea 18 abreaths/minaandaunlabored.aYouashould:
- aadministeraoxygenaandatransportaheratoatheahospital.a
- aadviseaheratoaseeaheraphysicianaasasoonaasapossible.
- arequestaaaparamedicaunitatoaadministeraepinephrine.
- apositionaheralegsawellaaboveathealevelaofaheraheart.CORRECTaANSWER- administeraoxygenaandatransportaheratoatheahospital. Aa 19 - year- oldamaleawasastungamultipleatimesabyafireaants.aHeaisaexperiencingaobviousasignsaandasymptomsao faanaphylacticashock.aYouaadministerahigh- flowaoxygenaandagiveahimaepinephrineaviaaintramuscularainjection.aUponareassessment,ayouadeter mineathatahisaconditionahasanotaimproved.aYouashould:
- atransportahimaimmediatelyaandaprovideasupportiveacareawhileaenaroute.
- arepeatatheaepinephrineainjectionaafteraconsultingawithamedicalacontrol.
- arequestaaaparamedicaunitathataisastationedaapproximatelya 15 amilesaaway.
- aconsiderathataheamayaactuallyabeaexperiencingaanaacuteaasthmaaattack.CORRECTaANSWER- repeatatheaepinephrineainjectionaafteraconsultingawithamedicalacontrol. Aa 2 - year- oldafemaleahasaexperiencedaaaseizure.aWhenayouaarriveaatatheascene,atheachildaisaconscious,acryin g,aandaclingingatoaheramother.aHeraskinaisahotaandamoist.aTheamotheratellsayouathatatheaseizurealast edaapproximatelya 5 aminutes.aSheafurtheratellsayouathataheradaughterahasanoahistoryaofaseizures,abu tahasahadaaarecentaearainfection.aYouashould:
- asuspectathatatheachildahasameningitisaandatransportaataonce.
- aallowatheamotheratoadriveaheradaughteratoatheahospital.
- aplaceatheachildainacoldawateratoaattemptatoareduceaherafever.
- acoolatheachildawithatepidawateraandatransportatoatheahospital.CORRECTaANSWER- coolatheachildawithatepidawateraandatransportatoatheahospital. Aa 20 - year-oldamaleahasaaalargealacerationatoahisawrist.aHeaisaholdingaaablood- soakedatowelaoveratheawound,abutaitacontinuesatoableedarapidly.aYouashould:
- aapplyaaatourniquetaproximalatoatheawrist.
- awrapatheatowelawithapressureabandages.
- aadministerahigh-flowasupplementalaoxygen.
- aapplyapressureatoatheabrachialaartery.CORRECTaANSWER- applyaaatourniquetaproximalatoatheawrist. Aa 21 - year- oldamaleawasaworkingainaanaautoarepairashopaandasustainedaradiatoraburnsatoatheaanterioraaspecta ofabothaarmsaandatoahisaanteriorachest.aAccordingatoathearuleaofanines,athisapatientahasaburnsathata covera_____aofahisaBSA.
- a18%
- a36%
- a45%
- a27%CORRECTaANSWER-18%
esultaofaintrathoracicableeding.aWhichaofatheafollowingainterventionsawillaprovideathisapatientawithat heagreatestachanceaforasurvival?
- aHigh-flowaoxygenaadministration
- aFullaimmobilizationaofaheraspine
- aIntravenousafluidaadministration
- aRapidatransportatoaaatraumaacenterCORRECTaANSWER-Rapidatransportatoaaatraumaacenter Aa 26 - year- oldafemaleapresentsawithaheavyavaginalableeding.aSheaisaconscious,abutarestless.aHerabloodapress ureaisa84/54ammaHg,aherapulseaisa 120 abeats/minaandaweak,aandaherarespirationsaarea 22 abreaths/m inawithaadequateadepth.aSheatellsayouathatasheainsertedaaatamponaabouta 2 ahoursaago.aYouashould:
- aadministerahigh- flowaoxygen,aperformaaadetailedaassessmentaofaheravaginalaareaaforasignsaofatrauma,aplaceaheraona heraside,aandatransport.
- aadministerahigh- flowaoxygen,aaskaheratoaremoveatheatampon,aperformaaadetailedasecondaryaassessment,aandatrans portapromptly.
- aassistaheraventilationsawithaaabag- valveamask,aplaceaoneasterileadressingaintoaheravagina,aperformaaarapidasecondaryaassessment,aa ndatransport.
- aadministerahigh- flowaoxygen,aplaceaaasterileapadaoveraheravagina,akeepaherawarm,aelevateaheraloweraextremities,aan datransportawithoutadelay.CORRECTaANSWER-administerahigh- flowaoxygen,aplaceaaasterileapadaoveraheravagina,akeepaherawarm,aelevateaheraloweraextremities,aan datransportawithoutadelay. Aa 26 - year- oldafemaleawhoaisa 34 aweeksapregnantaisaexperiencingaaaseizure.aHerahusbandatellsayouathataherabl oodapressureahasabeenahighaandathatasheahadabeenacomplainingaofaaaheadacheaforatheapastafewad ays.aYouashould:
- ainsertaanaoralaairwayaandaventilateaherawithaaabag-valveamask.
- aplaceaheraonaheraside,aadministerahigh-flowaoxygen,aandatransport.
- aelevateaheralegsatoaimproveabrainaperfusionaandakeepaherawarm.
- aadministeraoralaglucoseaforapresumedahypoglycemiaaandatransport.CORRECTaANSWER- placeaheraonaheraside,aadministerahigh-flowaoxygen,aandatransport. Aa 28 - year- oldamaleawasastruckainatheachestawithaaabaseballabataduringaanaaltercation.aHeaisaconsciousaandaa lertaandacomplainsaofasevereachestapain.aYouraassessmentarevealsaaalargeaareaaofaecchymosisaove ratheasternumaandaaarapid,airregularapulse.aInaadditionatoaprovidingasupplementalaoxygen,ayouasho uld:
- aapplyabulkyadressingsatoatheasternum.
- aprepareaforaimmediateatransport.
- aapplyaanaAEDaandaassessahisaBP.
- adetermineaifaheahasacardiacaproblems.CORRECTaANSWER-prepareaforaimmediateatransport. Aa 29 - year- oldamaleawithaaaheadainjuryaopensahisaeyesawhenayouaspeakatoahim,aisaconfusedaasatoatheatimeaan dadate,aandaisaableatoamoveaallaofahisaextremitiesaonacommand.aHisaGlasgowaComaaScalea(GCS)as coreais:
- a 12
- a 14
- a 13
- a10CORRECTaANSWER- 13 Aa 29 - year- oldapregnantawomanahasahadasevereavomitingaforathealasta 2 adays.aToday,asheaisavomitingalargeaam ountsaofablood.aHeraskinaisacoolaandapaleaandasheaisatachycardic.aTheaEMTashouldasuspect:
- aesophagealavarices
- aesophagitis
- aacuteapancreatitis
- aMallory-WeissatearCORRECTaANSWER-Mallory-Weissatear
1°C).aHeaisaimmediatelyaplacedainatheawarmedaambulance,awhereayouaperformaaaprimaryaassess ment.aHeaisaunresponsive,apale,aandaapneic.aYouashould:
- aapplyachemicalaheatapacksatoahisagroinaandaaxillae.
- aapplyaanaAEDaandaassessahisacardiacarhythm.
- aassessaforaaacarotidapulseaforaupatoa 60 aseconds.
- aopenahisaairwayaandagiveatwoarescueabreaths.CORRECTaANSWER- assessaforaaacarotidapulseaforaupatoa 60 aseconds. Aa 30 - year- oldawomanawithaaahistoryaofaalcoholismapresentsawithasevereaupperaabdominalapainaandaisavomiti ngalargeaamountsaofabrightaredablood.aHeraskinaisacool,apale,aandaclammy;aheraheartarateaisa 120 abe ats/minaandaweak;aandaherabloodapressureaisa70/50ammaHg.aYouraMOSTaimmediateaactionashoulda beato:
- aprotectaheraairwayafromaaspiration.
- akeepaherasupineaandakeepaherawarm.
- arapidlyatransportaheratoatheahospital.
- agiveaherahigh-flowasupplementalaoxygen.CORRECTaANSWER-protectaheraairwayafromaaspiration. Aa 31 - year- oldamaleawasabittenaonathealegabyaanaunidentifiedasnake.aTheapatientaisaconsciousaandaalertaandain anoaapparentadistress.aYouraassessmentaofahisalegarevealsatwoasmallapunctureamarksawithaminimal apainaandaswelling.aInaadditionatoaadministeringaoxygenaandaprovidingareassurance,afurtheracareafo rathisapatientashouldainclude:
- asupineapositioning,asplintingathealeg,aandatransporting.
- atransportingaonlyawithaclose,acontinuousamonitoring.
- aelevatingathealoweraextremitiesaandagivingaantivenin.
- aapplyingaiceatoatheawoundaandatransportingaquickly.CORRECTaANSWER- supineapositioning,asplintingathealeg,aandatransporting. Aa 33 - year- oldamaleasustainedaanaabdominalaeviscerationatoathealeftaloweraquadrantaofahisaabdomenaafterahe
awasacutawithaaalargeaknife.aAfteraappropriatelyamanagingahisaABCsaandaassessingahimaforaotheralif e-threateningainjuries,ahowayouashouldacareaforahisawound?
- aIrrigateaitawithasterileawateraandacoveraitawithaaadryadressing.
- aCoveratheaexposedabowelaandakeepahisalegsainaaastraightaposition.
- aCarefullyareplaceatheaexposedabowelaintoatheaabdomenaandatransport.
- aCoveraitawithamoist,asterileagauzeaandasecureawithaanaocclusiveadressing.CORRECTaANSWER- Coveraitawithamoist,asterileagauzeaandasecureawithaanaocclusiveadressing. Aa 33 - year- oldarestrainedadriveraofaaamotoravehicleacrashaisaawakeaandaalert,acomplainingaonlyaofaneckapainaa ndaleftalegapain.aTheavehicleaisastableaandanoahazardsaareapresent.aWhenaremovingathisapatientafro mahisavehicle,ayouashould:
- aapplyaaafullalegasplintaprioratoaextrication.
- auseathearapidaextricationatechnique.
- amaintainaslightatractionatoahisaneckaarea.
- aimmobilizeahimawithaaavest-styleadevice.CORRECTaANSWER-immobilizeahimawithaaavest- styleadevice. Aa 37 - year- oldafemaleawithaaahistoryaofadiabetesapresentsawithaexcessiveaurinationaandaweaknessaofa 2 adays'ad uration.aHerabloodaglucosealevelareadsa 320 amg/dL.aIfathisapatient'saconditionaisanotapromptlyatreat ed,asheawillaMOSTalikelyadevelop:
- aacidosisaandadehydration.
- airreversiblearenalafailure.
- asevereainsulinashock.
- ahypoxiaaandaoverhydration.CORRECTaANSWER-irreversiblearenalafailure. Aa 37 - year- oldamaleaisafoundaunresponsiveainahisacar.aHisaairwayaisapatentaandahisarespirationsaarearapidaanda labored.aAsayouaandayourapartneraareaassessingaandatreatingatheapatient,aaapoliceaofficerahandsayo uaaamedicationanamedaAlupent,awhichaheafoundainatheabackseataofatheapatient'sacar.aThisamedicat ionasuggestsathatatheapatientahasaaahistoryaof:
- aapplyaiceatoatheahematoma.
- aperformaaaneurologicaexam.CORRECTaANSWER-administerahigh-flowaoxygen. Aa 4 - year- oldaboyahadaanaapparentaseizure.aHeaisaconsciousaandacalmaandaisasittingaonahisamother'salap.aHis afatheraisasittingainaaanearbyachair.aTheachild'samotherasuddenlyabeginsacryingauncontrollably,awhic hacausesatheachildatoastartacrying.aYouashould:
reassureatheachild'samotherathataseizuresainachildrenaareaveryacommonaandathatathereaisanothingat oaworryaabout
giveatheachildaaafavoriteatoyaorablanketatoaholdaontoaandaperformayouraassessmentatoatheabestaofay ouraability
attemptatoacalmatheachild'samother,abutaavoidaseparatingaherafromatheachildabecauseathisawillaincr easeaheraanxiety
askatheafatheratoaholdatheachildasoayouacanaassessahimawhileayourapartneratriesatoacalmatheamothe rCORRECTaANSWER- askatheafatheratoaholdatheachildasoayouacanaassessahimawhileayourapartneratriesatoacalmatheamothe r Aa 4 - year- oldafemaleahasaaapeanutalodgedainatheaexternalaauditoryacanalaofaherarightaear.aYouashould:
- auseatweezersatoatryatoaremoveatheaobject.
- athoroughlyaflushaheraearawithasterileasaline.
- aremoveatheapeanutawithaaacotton-tippedaswab.
- atransportaheratoatheaemergencyadepartment.CORRECTaANSWER- transportaheratoatheaemergencyadepartment. Aa 40 - year- oldamanaisainacardiacaarrest.aYourapartneraisaperformingaCPR.aYouaareaattachingatheaAEDawhenathe apatient'sawifeatellsayouathataheahasaanaautomaticaimplantedacardiacadefibrillatora(AICD).aTheaAEDa advisesathataaashockaisaindicated.aWhatashouldayouado?
- aContinueaCPRaandatransportatheapatientatoatheaclosestaappropriateahospital.
- aDeliveratheashockafollowedabyaimmediatearesumptionaofaCPR.
- aContactamedicalacontrolaandarequestapermissionatoadefibrillate.
- aAvoidadefibrillationaasathisawilladamageatheapatient'saAICD.CORRECTaANSWER- DeliveratheashockafollowedabyaimmediatearesumptionaofaCPR. Aa 43 - year- oldamanaisaexperiencingaaasevereanosebleed.aHisabloodapressureaisa190/110ammaHgaandahisaheart arateaisa 90 abeats/minaandabounding.aPreferredatreatmentaforathisapatientaincludes:
- ahavingatheapatientapinchahisaownanostrilsaandathenalieasupine.
- apackingabothanostrilsawithagauzeapadsauntilatheableedingastops.
- apinchingatheapatient'sanostrilsaandahavingahimaleanaforward.
- aplacingaaarolleda4²a×a4²adressingabetweenahisaloweralipaandagum.CORRECTaANSWER- pinchingatheapatient'sanostrilsaandahavingahimaleanaforward. Aa 47 - year- oldamaleapresentsawithasevereaabdominalapainaofa 3 ahours'aduration.aHisaabdomenaisadistendedaan daguarded.aYouraMOSTaimportantaconsiderationaforathisapatientashouldabeato:
- abeaalertaforasignsaandasymptomsaofashock.
- atransportahimainaaasupineaposition.
- aassessahisabloodapressureatoadetermineaperfusionaadequacy.
- adetermineatheaexactalocationaandacauseaofahisapain.CORRECTaANSWER- beaalertaforasignsaandasymptomsaofashock. Aa 49 - year- oldamaleapresentsawithaanaacuteaonsetaofacrushingachestapainaandadiaphoresis.aYouashould:
- aadministeraupatoathreeadosesaofanitroglycerin.
- aadministeraupatoa 324 amgaofababyaaspirin.
- aassessatheaadequacyaofahisarespirations.
Aa 52 - year- oldaunrestrainedafemaleastruckatheasteeringawheelawithaherafaceawhenaheratruckacollidedawithaano theravehicle.aSheahasaobviousaswellingatoaherafaceaandaseveraladislodgedateeth.aAavisualaexamaofah eramoutharevealsaminimalableeding.aSheaisaconsciousaandaalertawithaaabloodapressureaofa130/80a mmaHg,aaapulseaofa 110 abeats/min,aandarespirationsaofa 22 abreaths/minawithaadequateatidalavolume .aYouashould:
aassistaventilationsawithaaaBVMadevice,aimmobilizeaheraspine,asuctionaheraoropharynxafora 30 asecon ds,aandatransport.
afullyaimmobilizeaheraspine,aattemptatoalocateatheadislodgedateeth,asuctionaasaneeded,aandatransp ort.
afullyaimmobilizeaheraspine,airrigateaheraemptyatoothasockets,aattemptatoalocateatheadislodgedateet h,aandatransport.
aapplyaoxygenaviaaaanonrebreathingamask,asuctionaheraairwayaasaneeded,adisregardatheadislodgedat eeth,aandatransport.CORRECTaANSWER- fullyaimmobilizeaheraspine,aattemptatoalocateatheadislodgedateeth,asuctionaasaneeded,aandatranspo rt. Aa 54 - year- oldamaleaaccidentallyashotahimselfainathealegawhileacleaningahisagun.aYouraassessmentarevealsaaas mallaentranceawoundatoatheamedialaaspectaofahisarightaleg.aTheaexitawoundaisaonatheaoppositeaside aofathealegaandaisaactivelyableeding.aTheapatientacomplainsaofanumbnessaandatinglingainahisarightafo ot.aYouashould:
- acontrolatheableedingaandacoveratheawoundawithaaasterileadressing.
- aassessadistalapulsesaasawellaasasensoryaandamotorafunctions.
- agentlyamanipulateatheainjuredalegauntilatheanumbnessadissipates.
- amanuallyastabilizeathealegaaboveaandabelowatheasiteaofainjury.CORRECTaANSWER- controlatheableedingaandacoveratheawoundawithaaasterileadressing. Aa 54 - year- oldamaleaexperiencedaanaavulsionatoahisapenisawhenahisaforeskinagotacaughtainatheazipperaofahisapa nts.aHeawasaableatoaunzipahisapantsaandaremoveatheaforeskinaprioratoayouraarrival.aYouraassessmen
tarevealsathataheaisainasevereapainaandathatatheaavulsionaisableedingamoderately.aTheaMOSTaapprop riateatreatmentaforathisapatientaincludes:
- aapplyingadirectapressureawithaaadry,asterileadressing.
- aadministeringa100%aoxygenaviaaaanonrebreathingamask.
- arequestingaaaparamedicatoaadministerapainamedication.
- acoveringatheaavulsionawithamoist,asterileadressings.CORRECTaANSWER- applyingadirectapressureawithaaadry,asterileadressing. Aa 56 - year- oldamaleahasaanaincompleteaavulsionatoahisarightaforearm.aAfteracontrollingaanyableedingafromathea wound,ayouashould:
- acarefullyaprobeatheawoundatoadetermineaifatheableedingaisavenousaoraarterial.
- athoroughlyairrigateatheawoundawithasterileawateraandacoveraitawithaaasterileadressing.
- areplaceatheaavulsedaflapatoaitsaoriginalapositionaandacoveraitawithaaasterileadressing.
acarefullyaremoveatheaavulsedaflapaandawrapaitainaaamoist,asterileatraumaadressing.CORRECTaANS WER-replaceatheaavulsedaflapatoaitsaoriginalapositionaandacoveraitawithaaasterileadressing. Aa 56 - year- oldamaleaisafoundasemiconsciousabyahisawife.aYouraassessmentarevealsathatahisarespirationsaarear apidaandashallow,ahisapulseaisarapidaandairregular,aandahisabloodapressureaisalow.aTheapatient'sawif eastatesathataheacomplainedaofaleftaarmapainaandanauseaatheadayabefore,abutawouldanotaallowahera toacalla 9 - 1 - 1.aTheaMOSTalikelyacauseaofathisapatient'sapresentaconditionais:
- aacuteamyocardialainfarction.
- acardiogenicahypoperfusion.
- asevereasepticahypoperfusion.
- aaarupturedaaorticaaneurysm.CORRECTaANSWER-cardiogenicahypoperfusion. Aa 58 - year- oldamanacomplainsaofachestadiscomfortaandanausea.aHeaisaconsciousaandaalert;ahisabloodapressur eaisa140/90ammaHg,ahisapulseaisa 104 abeats/min,aandahisarespirationsaarea 16 abreaths/min.aYourapar tnerahasaappliedasupplementalaoxygen.aPrioratoaassistingatheapatientawithaoneaofahisaprescribedanit
- akidneyastones.
- aaorticaaneurysm.
- astrangulatedahernia.
- aacuteapancreatitis.CORRECTaANSWER-aorticaaneurysm. Aa 60 - year- oldamanacomplainsaofachestapain.aHeaisaconsciousaandaalertaandadeniesashortnessaofabreath.aWhi chaofatheafollowingaquestionsawouldabeatheaMOSTaappropriateatoaaskahim?
- a"Doesatheapainainayourachestamoveatoaeitheraofayouraarms?"
- a"Wereayouaexertingayourselfawhenatheachestapainabegan?"
- a"Doayouahaveaanyaheartaproblemsaoratakeaanyamedications?"
- a"Doesatheapainainayourachestafeelalikeaaastabbingasensation?"CORRECTaANSWER- "Doayouahaveaanyaheartaproblemsaoratakeaanyamedications?" Aa 60 - year-oldamanaisafoundatoabeaunresponsive,apulseless,aandaapneic.aYouashould:
- astartaCPRaandatransportaimmediately
- abeginaCPRauntilaanaAEDaisaavailable
- adetermineaifaheahasaaavalidalivingawill
- awithholdaCPRauntilaheaisadefibrillatedCORRECTaANSWER-beginaCPRauntilaanaAEDaisaavailable Aa 62 - year- oldamanawithaaahistoryaofacongestiveaheartafailureapresentsawithaseverearespiratoryadistressaandawi thaanaoxygenasaturationaofa82%.aWhenayouaauscultateahisalungs,ayouahearawidespreadarales.aHeais aconsciousaandaalert,aisaableatoafollowasimpleacommands,aandacanaonlyaspeakainatwo-atoathree- wordasentencesaataaatime.aYouashould:
- aplaceahimainaaasupineapositionaandaassistahisaventilationsawithaaabag-valveamaskaandahigh- flowaoxygen.
aplaceahimainaaapositionaofacomfort,adeliveraoxygenaviaanasalacannula,aandacloselyamonitorahisabre athing.
aapplyaaaCPAPadevice,amonitorahisabloodapressure,aandaobserveahimaforasignsaofaimprovementaorad eterioration.
- aforceafluidafromahisaalveoliabyahyperventilatingahimawithaaabag- valveamaskaataaarateaofaataleasta 20 abreaths/min.CORRECTaANSWER- applyaaaCPAPadevice,amonitorahisabloodapressure,aandaobserveahimaforasignsaofaimprovementaorad eterioration. Aa 66 - year- oldafemaleawithaaahistoryaofahypertensionaandadiabetesapresentsawithasubsternalachestapressureao fa 2 ahours'aduration.aHerabloodapressureaisa140/90ammaHg,aherapulseaisa 100 abeats/minaandairregula r,aherarespirationsaarea 22 abreaths/min,aandaheraoxygenasaturationaisa92%.aTheapatientadoesanotaha veaprescribedanitroglycerin,abutaherahusbandadoes.aYouashould:
- agiveaheraoneanitroglycerinaandareassessaherasystolicabloodapressure.
- aobtainaaaSAMPLEahistoryaandacontactamedicalacontrolaforaadvice.
- aadministeraoxygen,agiveahera 324 amgaofaaspirin,aandaassessaherafurther.
- agiveaherahigh-flowaoxygen,aattachatheaAED,aandatransportaataonce.CORRECTaANSWER- administeraoxygen,agiveahera 324 amgaofaaspirin,aandaassessaherafurther. Aa 66 - year- oldamaleapresentsawithabizarreabehavior.aHisadaughterastatesathataheadidanotaseematoarecognizeah eraandawasaveryarudeatoaher.aTheapatientaisaconscious,aandahasaaapatentaairwayaandaadequateabre athing.aYouashould:
- aaskatheadaughterahowaherafatheranormallyabehaves.
- aconcludeathatatheapatientahasaAlzheimeradisease.
- aadviseatheapatientathatahisabehavioraisaunacceptable.
- acarefullyarestrainatheapatientaandatransportaataonce.CORRECTaANSWER- askatheadaughterahowaherafatheranormallyabehaves. Aa 66 - year- oldawomanaexperiencedaaasuddenaonsetaofadifficultyabreathing.aSheahasaaahistoryaofatypea 2 adiabet esaandadeepaveinathrombosisa(DVT).aOnatheabasisaofaheramedicalahistory,awhichaofatheafollowingas houldatheaEMTasuspect?
- aCongestiveaheartafailure
