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EMT FINAL EXAM 2 JB-LEARNING ALL 400 QUESTIONS AND
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When assessing a conscious patient who overdosed on a drug, you should FIRST determine: A)
the patient's weight in kg. B) the type of medication ingested. C) when the medication was ingested. D) if there is a history of prior overdose. - ✔✔B
While triaging patients at a mass-casualty incident, you encounter a 4-year-old child who is breathing at a rate of 54 breaths/min. What should you do? A) Apply high-flow oxygen B) Tag the child as immediate C) Assess for distal pulses D) Ventilate with a bag-mask device - ✔✔B
A prolapsed umbilical cord is dangerous because the:
A) cord might pull the placenta from the uterine wall during delivery. B) mother may die of hypoxia due to compromised placental blood flow. C) cord may be wrapped around the baby's neck, causing strangulation.
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D) baby's head may compress the cord, cutting off its supply of oxygen. - ✔✔D
Your assessment of the newborn reveals that she has a patent airway, is breathing adequately, and has a heart rate of 130 beats/min. Her face and trunk are pink, but her hands and feet are cyanotic. You have clamped and cut the umbilical cord, but the placenta has not yet delivered. You should:
A) massage the lower part of the mother's uterus until the placenta delivers. B) give the newborn high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask and transport. C) reassess the newborn every 5 minutes and transport after the placenta delivers. D) keep the newborn warm, give oxygen to the mother if needed, and transport. - ✔✔D
A patient overdosed on several drugs and is unresponsive with shallow breathing and facial
cyanosis. As you continue your assessment, the patient suddenly vomits. You should: A) suction his oropharynx at once. B) turn the patient onto his side. C) insert an oropharyngeal airway. D) begin assisting his ventilations. - ✔✔B
A known diabetic female is found unresponsive. Her respirations are rapid and shallow; her skin is cool, clammy, and pale; and her pulse is rapid and weak. Which of the following would BEST explain the likely cause of her condition?
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You are caring for a man with terminal cancer when his caretaker presents you with a Physician
Order for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) form. The purpose of this form is to: A) advise medical providers that resuscitation is not to be attempted. B) describe acceptable patient interventions in the form of medical orders. C) enable the caretaker to make healthcare decisions on the patient's behalf. D) limit the treatment provided to the patient to basic life support care. - ✔✔B
A 69-year-old man complains of dyspnea that began two days ago and has gotten worse. Which of the following assessments would give you the MOST information regarding the possible cause of his dyspnea? A) Lung sounds B) Mental status C) Oxygen saturation D) Pulse rate and quality - ✔✔A
A 73-year-old male presents with confusion; cool, pale, clammy skin; absent radial pulses; and a
blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg. The patient's wife tells you that he has had abdominal pain for a week and began vomiting a coffee-ground substance yesterday. His past medical history includes hypertension and gastric ulcer disease. Your MOST immediate concern should be that: A) his blood glucose level is probably too high. B) he is bleeding from his gastrointestinal tract.
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C) he is in shock and requires prompt transport. D) his condition requires surgery within 2 hours. - ✔✔C
Which of the following is an abnormal finding?
A) Heart rate of 80 beats/min in a 3-month-old infant B) Rapid, irregular breathing in a newly born infant C) Systolic BP of 100 mm Hg in a 10-year-old child D) Respiratory rate of 26 breaths/min in a 2-year-old child - ✔✔A
Unresponsiveness, shallow breathing, and constricted pupils are indicative of which type of
drug overdose? A) Narcotic B) Marijuana C) Barbiturate D) Amphetamine - ✔✔A
Which of the following conditions would MOST likely cause flushed skin?
A) Blood loss B) Hypothermia C) Exposure to heat
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C) 11
D) 12 - ✔✔C
You are performing abdominal thrusts on a 19-year-old male with a severe airway obstruction when he becomes unresponsive. After lowering him to the ground and placing him in a supine position, you should: A) open his airway and look inside his mouth. B) begin CPR, starting with chest compressions. C) continue abdominal thrusts until ALS responders arrive. D) assess for a carotid pulse for up to 10 seconds. - ✔✔B
Sudden cardiac arrest in the adult population MOST often is the result of: A)
myocardial infarction. B) respiratory failure. C) a cardiac dysrhythmia. D) accidental electrocution. - ✔✔C
A 31-year-old man presents with uncontrolled twitching of his left arm that began shortly after he experienced an odd taste in his mouth. He denies loss of consciousness and states that this has happened to him before. What should you suspect? A) Absence seizure
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B) Generalized seizure C) Simple partial seizure D) Complex partial seizure
Feedback :
Seizures are classified as being generalized or partial. Generalized seizures are further classified as being tonic-clonic (formerly called grand mal) or absence (formerly called petit mal) seizures. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures result from abnormal electrical discharges from large areas of the brain, usually involving both hemispheres. They are characterized by unconsciousness and generalized severe twitching of the body's muscles; they last several minutes or longer. Absence seizures are characterized by a brief lapse of consciousness in which the patient seems to st - ✔✔C
Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of a fractured spinal vertebra?
A) Lack of pain at the site of the injury B) Palpable pain at the site of the injury C) Decreased movement on one side of the body D) Decreased grip strength in the upper extremities - ✔✔B
When treating a patient with chest pain, pressure, or discomfort, you should FIRST:
A) administer supplemental oxygen. B) place the patient in a position of comfort.
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B) left ventricle contracts. C) aortic valve opens. D) right ventricle contracts. - ✔✔A
What type of injury occurs when a joint is twisted or stretched beyond its normal range of motion, resulting in swelling but no deformity? A) Sprain B) Strain C) Fracture D) Dislocation - ✔✔A
Which of the following is considered a severe burn in a pediatric patient?
A) Partial thickness burns to 15% of the body surface area B) Any full-thickness burn, regardless of body surface coverage C) Any partial-thickness burn that involves the lower extremities D) Superficial burns that cover 5% to 10% of the body surface area - ✔✔B
Which of the following patients would MOST likely present with vague or unusual symptoms of
an acute myocardial infarction? A) 55-year-old obese female B) 66-year-old male with angina
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C) 72-year-old female with diabetes D) 75-year-old male with hypertension
Feedback :
Not all patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) present with the classic signs and symptoms one would expect. Middle-aged men often minimize their symptoms and attribute their chest pain or discomfort to indigestion. Some patients, however, do not experience any pain. In particular, elderly women with diabetes may present with vague, unusual, or atypical symptoms of AMI; their only presenting complaint may be fatigue or syncope. Do not rule out a cardiac problem just because a patient is not experiencing chest pain, pressure, or discomfort; this is especially true in elderly females with diabetes. - ✔✔C
Internal or external bleeding would be especially severe in a patient: A)
with hemophilia. B) who takes aspirin. C) with heart disease. D) who is hypotensive. - ✔✔A
A 24-year-old female presents with a rash to her left leg and swollen, painful knee joints. She tells you that she and her friends returned from a hiking trip in the mountains a week ago. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 112/62 mm Hg, a pulse of 84 beats/min, and respirations of 14 breaths/min. What should you suspect? A) Tetanus
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C) Bag-valve-mask device D) Oxygen-powered ventilator - ✔✔D
Chest compression effectiveness is MOST effectively assessed by: A)
listening for a heartbeat with each compression. B) carefully measuring the depth of each compression. C) palpating for a carotid pulse with each compression. D) measuring the systolic blood pressure during compressions. - ✔✔C
A 57-year-old male presents with flu-like symptoms. He is conscious and alert; his skin is pink,
warm, and dry; and he denies chest pain or respiratory distress. During your assessment, you cannot feel radial or carotid pulses, and are unable to obtain a blood pressure. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this? A) He is in the advanced stages of shock B) He has a left ventricular assist device C) He has a dissecting aortic aneurysm D) He recently had a coronary artery bypass - ✔✔B
In most states, the EMT is required to report which of the following occurrences?
A) Animal bite B) Drug overdose
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C) Injury to a minor D) Motor-vehicle crash - ✔✔A
The method by which you administer supplemental oxygen to a hypoxemic patient depends MOSTLY on the: A) presence or absence of cyanosis. B) patient's level of consciousness and heart rate. C) suspected underlying cause of the hypoxemia. D) severity of hypoxemia and adequacy of breathing. - ✔✔D
A patient is unresponsive and has sonorous breathing. This indicates: A)
vomitus in the airway. B) upper airway swelling. C) reduced tidal volume. D) anatomic obstruction. - ✔✔D
To obtain the MOST reliable assessment of a patient's tidal volume, you should: A)
assess for retractions. B) listen for airway noises. C) count the respiratory rate.
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D) he will bleed for a longer period of time. - ✔✔D
The chest pain associated with an acute coronary syndrome is often described as:
A) sharp. B) stabbing. C) pressure. D) cramping. - ✔✔C
A young woman reports significant weight loss over the last month, persistent fever, and night
sweats. When you assess her, you note the presence of dark purple lesions covering her trunk and upper extremities. You should suspect: A) HIV infection. B) tuberculosis. C) rheumatic fever. D) end-stage cancer. - ✔✔A
A 7-year-old child has an altered mental status, high fever, and a generalized rash. You perform your assessment and administer supplemental oxygen. En route to the hospital, you should be MOST alert for: A) hypotension. B) convulsions.
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C) combativeness. D) respiratory distress. - ✔✔B
Which of the following statements regarding the high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator is correct?
A) HEPA respirator should be placed on any patient with tuberculosis. B) Long sideburns or a beard will prevent the proper fit of a HEPA respirator. C) A surgical mask provides better protection against tuberculosis than a HEPA respirator. D) A HEPA respirator is necessary only if the patient with suspected tuberculosis is coughing. - ✔✔B
To ensure you deliver the highest concentration of oxygen with a nonrebreathing mask, you should: A) set the flow rate to at least 10 to 12 L/min. B) securely fasten the mask to the patient's face. C) make sure that the reservoir bag is preinflated. D) cover the one-way valves on the oxygen mask. - ✔✔C
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D) Pain to the right lower quadrant - ✔✔B
Assessment of a 40-year-old patient reveals respiratory distress, tachycardia, audible expiratory
wheezing, and an oxygen saturation of 88%. The EMT should suspect: A) fluid in the lower airways. B) diffuse bronchoconstriction. C) swelling in the laryngeal area. D) infection of the lower airway. - ✔✔B
The bite of a brown recluse spider is characterized by:
A) immediate pain, swelling at the site, and painful muscle spasms. B) delayed onset of pain, swelling, and blister formation at the site. C) two small puncture marks, swelling, and delayed onset of pain. D) rapid swelling within 30 minutes and a decline in mental status. - ✔✔B
With regard to the ECG, what is artifact?
A) significant abnormality discovered by the paramedic B) The complete absence of electrical activity on the ECG C) Electrical interference that can make diagnosis difficult D) Improper lead placement, resulting in misdiagnosis - ✔✔C
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A 50-year-old man with a history of hypertension began experiencing chest pressure while mowing his lawn. After taking a baby aspirin and resting for approximately 10 minutes, the pressure in his chest completely resolved. Which of the following would BEST explain this? A) The patient's blood pressure increased after he ceased exertion, causing his chest pressure to resolve B) The cessation of exertion decreased the workload of the heart and blood flow around a coronary clot improved C) The aspirin dissolved a small clot in a coronary artery and reestablished blood flow to that part of the heart D) Blood flow to a part of the myocardium was restored because of constriction of a diseased coronary artery - ✔✔B
A 42-year-old man has a large knife impaled in the center of his chest. He is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should:
A) carefully remove the knife, control the bleeding, and begin CPR. B) carefully remove the knife, control the bleeding, and apply the AED. C) secure the knife in place with a bulky dressing and transport immediately. D) stabilize the knife with bulky dressings, begin CPR, and transport at once. - ✔✔A
Which of the following statements regarding the AED is correct?
