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EMS New York State Written Test | 100% Correct
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When caring for a patient who takes multiple medications it is best to: a. Document the medications on your patient care report, but leave them at home so they do not get misplaced. b. Take all the patients medications with you to the hospital and document them on your patient care report c. Send the patients medications to the hospital with a family member or other persons who will safe guard them d. Let the hospital staff retrieve the patients medical records which should show a list of his or her current medications - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. take all the patients medications with you to the hospital and document them on your patient care report Which of the following assessment findings is MOST indicative of a cardiovascular problem? a. Unequal breath sounds b. Jugular venous distention c. Use of the accessory muscles d. Palpable pain to the epigastrium region - ✔✔Correct Answer:
b. Jugular Venous Distention Which of the following medications would an EMT be LEAST likely to administer to a patient with a medical complaint? a. Aspirin b. Ibuprofen c. Albuterol d. Oral glucose - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. Ibuprofen Which of the following statements regarding hepatitis A is correct? a. Hepatitis A can only be transmitted by a patient who has an acute infection b. Infection with hepatitis A causes chronic illness with a high mortality rate c. Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted via contact with blood or other bodily fluids d. although there is no vaccine against hepatitis A, treatment is usually successful - ✔✔Correct Answer: a. Hepatitis A can only be transmitted by a patient who has an acute infection Patients with tuberculosis pose the greatest risk for transmitting the disease when they:
c. increased carbon dioxide levels d. decreased carbon dioxide levels - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. Increased carbon dioxide levels When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal: a. The brain stem inhibits respirations b. Respirations increase in rate and depth c. Exhalation lasts longer than inhalation d. Respirations decrease in rate and depth - ✔✔Correct answer: b. respirations increase in rate and depth Which of the following statements regarding hypoxic drive is correct? a. The hypoxic drive stimulates a person to breathe on the basis of low oxygen levels b. Chronic carbon dioxide elimination often results in activation of the hypoxic drive c. The hypoxic drive serves as the primary stimulus for breathing in healthy individuals d. 100% supplemental oxygen will always cause apnea in patients with hypoxic drive - ✔✔Correct Answer:
a. the hypoxic drive stimulates a person to breathe on the basis of low oxygen levels Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would MOST likely be contraindicated in which of the following situations? a. Pulmonary edema, history of hypertension, and anxiety b. Difficulty breathing, two-word dyspnea, and tachycardia c. Shortness of breath and blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg d. Conscious and alert patient with an oxygen saturation of 85% - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. Shortness of breath and blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg Alkalosis is a condition that occurs when: a. Blood acidity is reduced by excessive breathing b. Dangerous acids accumulate in the blood stream c. The level of carbon dioxide in the blood increases d. Slow, shallow breathing eliminates too much carbon dioxide. - ✔✔Correct Answer: a. Blood acidity is reduced by excessive breathing When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has:
d. Singulair. - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. Ventolin A 22 year old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiancé her respirations are 40 breaths per min you should: a. Have her breathe into a paper or plastic bag b. Provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed c. Request a paramedic to give her a sedative d. Position her on her left side and transport at once - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. Provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed Cardiac input may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because: a. A rapid heart beat causes a decrease in the strength of cardiac contractions b. The volume of blood that returns to the heart is not sufficient with fast heart rates c. As the heart rate increases, more blood is pumped from the ventricles than the atria d. There is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely - ✔✔Correct Answer: d. There is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely
A patient with arthoscelrotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because: a. The coronary arteries suddenly spasm and cause a marked reduction in myocardial blood flow b. The lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow c. Tissues of the myocardium undergo necrosis secondary to a prolonged absence of oxygen d. The ragged edge of a tear in the coronary artery lumen causes local blood clotting and arterial narrowing - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. The lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow You are dispatched to a residence for a 56 year old male with an altered mental status. Upon arrival at the scene, the patient's wife tells you that he complained of chest pain the day before, but would not allow her to call EMS. The patient is semiconscious; has rapid shallow respirations; and has a thready pulse. you should: a. Obtain baseline vital signs b. Begin ventilatory assistance c. Attach the AED immediately d. Apply a non-rebreathing mask - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. Begin ventilatory assistance
Common signs and symptoms of hypertensive emergency include: a. Pallor, cool skin and a temporary loss of hearing b. Syncope, a weak pulse and bleeding from the ears c. Tachycardia, pain behind the eyes and weakness d. A bounding pulse, a severe headache, and dizziness - ✔✔Correct Answer: D. a bounding pulse, severe headache, and dizziness Which of the following is LEAST important when obtaining medical history from a patient complaining of chest discomfort: a. History of cigarette smoking b. History of previous heart attack c. Presence of risk factors d. Family history of hypertension - ✔✔Correct Answer: d. Family history of hypertension It would be most appropriate for a patient to take his or her prescribed nitroglycerin when experiencing: a. Sharp chest pain that lasts longer than 10 to 15
b. An acute onset of dizziness during a period exertion c. Chest pain that does not immediately subside with rest d. Difficulty breathing that awakens the patient - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. Chest pain that does not immediately subside with rest While obtaining a 12 lead ECG prior to ALS arrival, you note the presence of artifacts on the tracing. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this? a. Excessive movement of the patient b. Abnormal cardiac electrical activity c. Incorrect placements of the leads d. The patient's pulse is irregular - ✔✔Correct Answer: a. Excessive movement of the patient When preparing to obtain a 12 lead ECG, the V1 and V2 electrodes should be placed: a. In the midclavicular line b. On either side of the sternum c. In the midaxillary line
d. Remove the battery from the monitor and then remove the vest A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which of the following conditions should you suspect that he has experienced? a. Thoracic aortic aneurysm b. Acute myocardial infarction c. Uncontrolled hypertension d. Obstructive lung disease - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. Acute myocardial infarction The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if: a. He or she is not breathing and has a weakly palpable pulse b. His or her condition is rapidly progressing to cardiac arrest c. Pediatric pads and an energy reducing device are available d. Special pads are used and the child has profound tachycardia - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. Pediatric pads and an energy reducing device are available The MOST common error associated with the use of the AED is:
a. Failure of the EMT to ensure the battery is charged b. Malfunction of the AED's internal computer processor c. Inappropriately placed adhesive defibrillation electrodes d. Inability of the EMT to recognize ventricular fibrillation - ✔✔Correct Answer: a. Failure of the EMT to ensure the battery is charged Muscle control and body coordination are controlled by the: a. Cerebrum b. Cerebellum c. Brain Stem d. Cerebral Cortex - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. Brain Stem The left cerebral hemisphere controls: a. The right side of the face b. Heart rate and pupil reaction c. The right side of the body
b. A ruptured cerebral artery An area of swelling or enlargement in a weakened arterial wall is called: a. A thrombus b. An aneurysm c. An embolism d. Atherosclerosis - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. An aneurysm Which of the following MOST accurately describes what the patient will experience during the postictal state that follows a seizure? a. Hyperventilation and hypersalivation b. A rapidly improving level of consciousness c. Confusion and fatigue d. A gradually decreasing level of consciousness - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. Confusion and fatigue Febrile seizures:
a. Often result in permanent brain damage b. Are often referred to as absence seizures c. Are usually benign but should be evaluated d. Occur when a child's fever rises slowly - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. Are usually benign but should be evaluated You respond to a residence for a child who is having a seizure. Upon arrival at the scene, you enter the residence and find the mother holding her child, a 2 year old male. The child is conscious and crying. according to the mother, the child had been running a high fever and then experienced a seizure that lasted approximately 3 minutes. You should: a. Cover the child with wet towels and give oxygen via nasal cannula b. Transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route c. Advise the mother to take her child to the doctor the following day d. Call medical control ans request permission to give the child aspirin - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. Transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route When caring for a patient with documented hypoglycemia, you should be MOST alert for: a. A seizure b. An acute stroke
d. Perform CPR for 5 minutes before applying the AED - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. Initiate CPR and attach an AED as soon as possible Law enforcement has summoned you to a night club where a 22 year old female was found unconscious in an adjacent alley. Your primary assessment reveals that her respirations are rapid and shallow and her pulse is rapid and weak. She is wearing a medical alert bracelet that identifies her as an epileptic. There is an empty bottle of vodka next to the patient. You should: a. Place a bite block in her mouth in case she has a seizure and transport at once b. Apply oxygen via a non breathing mask, place her on her left side and transport c. Assist ventilations, perform a rapid exam, and prepare for immediate transport d.Apply oxygen via non- rebreathing mask and transport her for a blood alcohol test - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. Assist ventilations, perform a rapid exam, and prepare for immediate transport Components of the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale include: a. Speech, pupil reaction and memory b. Arm drift, memory and grip strength c. Arm drift, speech and facial droop d. Facial droop, speech and pupil size - ✔✔Correct Answer:
c. Arm drift, speech and facial droop Your patient opens his eyes, moans and pulls away from you when you pinch his trapezius muscle. You should assign a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of: a. 6 b. 7 c. 8 d. 9 - ✔✔Correct Answer: c. 8 When transporting a stable stroke patient with a paralyzed extremity, place the patient in a: a. Recumbent position with the paralyzed side up b. Recumbent position with the paralyzed side down c. Sitting position with the head at a 45 degree to 90 degree angle d. Supine positon with the legs elevate 6 inches to 12 inches - ✔✔Correct Answer: b. Recumbent positon with the paralyzed side down Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
