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EMT PRACTICE FINAL EXAMINATION
EXPLAINED.
SNORING RESPIRATIONS ARE MOST RAPIDLY MANAGED BY
A. SUCTIONING THE OROPHARYNX
B. INITIATING ASSISTED VENTILATIONS
C. CORRECTLY POSITIONING THE HEAD
D. INSERTING AN OROPHARNYGEAL AIRWAY - ANSWER-CORRECTLY POSITIONING
THE HEAD
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WOULD BE MOST IN NEED OF A RAPID
TRAUMA ASSESSMENT?
A. AN AWAKE AND ALERT 19-YEAR-OLD MAN WITH A SMALL CALIBER GUNSHOT
WOUND TO THE ABDOMEN
B. A CONSCIOUS 25-YEAR-OLD WOMAN WHO FELL 12' FROM A ROOF AND
LANDED ON HER SIDE
C. A 43-YEAR-OLD WOMAN WITH A UNILATERALLY SWOLLEN, PAINFUL
DEFORMITY OF THE FEMUR
D. A 60-YEAR OLD MAN WHO FELL FROM A STANDING POSITION AND HAS AN
ABRASION ON HIS CHECK - ANSWER-AN AWAKE AND ALERT 19-YEAR-OLD MAN
WITH A SMALL CALIBER GUNSHOT WOUND TO THE ABDOMEN
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BONES IS AFFECTED WITH A SWOLLEN, PAINFUL
DEFORMITY TO THE LATERAL BONE OF THE LEFT FOREARM?
A. ULNA
B. RADIUS
C. CLAVICLE
D. HUMERUS - ANSWER-RADIUS
DURING YOUR ASSESSMENT OF A 34-YEAR OLD MAN WITH A GUNSHOT WOUND
TO THE CHEST, YOU NOTE THAT HIS SKIN IS PALE. THIS FINDING IS MOST LIKELY
CAUSED BY
A. A CRITICALLY LOW BLOOD PRESSURE
B. INCREASED BLOOD FLOW TO THE SKIN
C. DECREASED BLOOD FLOW TO THE SKIN
D. PERIPHERAL DILATION OF THE VASCULATURE - ANSWER-DECREASED BLOOD
FLOW TO THE SKIN
AN 80-YEAR OLD WOMAN HAS PAIN IN THE RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT OF HER
ABDOMEN AND A YELLOWISH TINGE TO HER SKIN. YOU SHOULD SUSPECT
DYSFUNCTION OF THE
A. LIVER
B. SPLEEN
C. PANCREAS
D. GALLBLADDER - ANSWER-LIVER
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS IS AN EXAMPLE OF ABANDONMENT?
A. AN EMT--PARAMEDIC GIVERS A VERBAL REPORT TO ANY EMERGENCY NURSE.
B. AN EMT--INTERMEDIATE ASSUMES PATIENT CARE FROM AN EMT-BASIC
C. AN EMT--BASIC TRANSFERS CARE OF A PATIENT TO PATIENT TO AN EMT-
PARAMEDIC
D. ASSIST VENTILATIONS WITH 100% OXYGEN. - ANSWER-TURN THE PATIENT
ONTO HIS SIDE.
THE SCENE SIZE UP INCLUDES ALL OF THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS, EXCEPT
A. DETERMINING SCENE SAFETY
B. APPLYING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE GEAR
C. ASSESSING THE NEED FOR ASSISTANCE
D. EVALUATING THE MECHANISM OF INJURY - ANSWER-APPLYING PERSONAL
PROTECTIVE GEAR
IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WOULD AN OROPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY
BE INDICATED?
A. ANY PATIENT SUSPECTED OF HAVING HYPOXIA
B. A SEMICONSCIOUS PATIENT WITH AN INTACT GAG REFLEX
C. A SEMICONSCIOUS PATIENT WHO TOOK AN OVERDOSE OF PROPOXYPHENE
D. AN UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT WITH FLUID DRAINAGE FROM THE EARS -
ANSWER-AN UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT WITH FLUID DRAINAGE FROM THE EARS
UPON ARRIVING AT THE SCENE OF A MULTIPLE VEHICLE CRASH, YOU CAN SEE
THAT AT LEAST TWO PATIENTS HAVE BEEN EJECTED FROM THEIR VEHICLES.
WHAT SHOULD YOU DO NEXT?
A. BEGIN TRIAGE
B. TREAT THE MOST CRITICAL PATIENT FIRST
C. GATHER ALL OF THE PATIENTS TOGETHER
D. CALL FOR AT LEAST ONE MORE AMBULANCE - ANSWER-CALL FOR AT LEAST
ONE MORE AMBULANCE
A 75 YEAR OLD MAN HAS GENERALIZED WEAKNESS AND CHEST PAIN. HE HAS A
BOTTLE OF PRESCRIBED NITROGLYCERIN AND HE STATES THAT HE HAS NOT
TAKEN ANY OF HIS MEDICATION. AFTER INITIATING OXYGEN THERAPY, YOU
SHOULD NEXT
A. APPLY THE AED AND PREPARE THE PATIENT FOR IMMEDIATE TRANSPORT
B. PERFORM A DETAILED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION TO LOCATED ANY OTHER
PROBLEMS.
C. CONTACT MEDICAL CONTROL FOR PERMISSION TO ASSIST THE PATIENT WITH
HIS NITROGLYCERIN.
D. COMPLETE A FOCUSED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION, INCLUDING OBTAINING
BASELINE VITAL SIGNS. - ANSWER-COMPLETE A FOCUSED PHYSICAL
EXAMINATION, INCLUDING OBTAINING BASELINE VITAL SIGNS.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ORGANS IS NOT PART OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM?
A. THYROID
B. PITUITARY
C. PANCREAS
D. GALLBLADDER - ANSWER-GALLBLADDER
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING INJURIES OR CONDITIONS SHOULD BE MANAGED
FIRST?
A. FLUID DRAINAGE FROM BOTH EARS
B. BLEEDING WITHIN THE ORAL CAVITY
C. A LARGE OPEN ABDOMINAL WOUND
D. BILATERAL FRACTURES OF THE FEMURS - ANSWER-BLEEDING WITHIN THE
ORAL CAVITY
A. APPLY 100% SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN.
B. PROVIDE RAPID TRANSPORT TO THE HOSPITAL
C. PREVENT AIR FROM ENTERING THE WOUND.
D. PLACE A POROUS DRESSING OVER THE WOUND. - ANSWER-PREVENT AIR
FROM ENTERING THE WOUND.
YOU ARE CALLED TO A LOCAL PARK FOR A 7-YEAR OLD BOY WITH RESPIRATORY
DISTRESS. DURING YOUR ASSESSMENT, YOU FIND THAT THE PATIENT IS
WHEEZING AND HAS WIDE-SPREAD HIVES AND FACIAL EDEMA. WHAT SHOULD
YOU SUSPECT HAS OCCURRED?
A. HEAT EMERGENCY
B. ALLERGIC REACTION
C. ACUTE ASTHMA ATTACK
D. EXPOSURE TO A POISONOUS PLANT - ANSWER-ALLERGIC REACTION
A COMMON SIDE EFFECT OF NITROGLYCERIN IS
A. NAUSEA
B. HEADACHE
C. HYPERTENSION
D. CHEST DISCOMFORT - ANSWER-HEADACHE
AS YOU ASSESS A 56-YEAR OLD MAN, YOU NOTE THAT HE IS PULSELESS AND
APNEIC. AS YOUR PARTNER GETS THE AED FROM THE AMBULANCE, YOU SHOULD
A. OBTAIN A MEDICAL HISTORY FROM THE WIFE.
B. PLACE THE PATIENT IN THE RECOVERY POSITION
C. PERFORM CPR UNTIL THE AED IS READY TO USE
D. CONDUCT A DETAILED EXAMINATION OF THE PATIENT. - ANSWER-PERFORM
CPR UNTIL THE AED IS READY TO USE
PRESCRIBED INHALERS, SUCH AS ALBUTEROL (VENTOLIN), RELIEVE RESPIRATORY
DISTRESS BY
A. CONSTRICTING THE BRONCHIOLES IN THE LUNGS.
B. CONTRACTING THE SMALLER AIRWAYS IN THE LUNGS.
C. RELAXING THE SMOOTH MUSCLE OF THE BRONCHIOLES.
D. DILATING THE LARGE MAINSTEM BRONCHI OF THE AIRWAY. - ANSWER-
RELAXING THE SMOOTH MUSCLE OF THE BRONCHIOLES.
IN A PATIENT WITH CARDIAC COMPROMISE, YOU WOULD BE LEAST LIKELY TO
ENCOUNTER
A. ANXIETY
B. DYSPNEA
C. HEADACHE
D. CHEST PAIN - ANSWER-HEADACHE
WHEN MONITORING A PATIENT WITH A HEAD INJURY, THE MOST RELIABLE
INDICATOR OF HIS OR HER CONDITION IS THE
A. PUPILLARY REACTION
B. LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS
C. SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE
D. RATE AND DEPTH OF BREATHING - ANSWER-LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS
A. BRADYCARDIA
B. TACHYCARDIA
C. COMBATIVENESS
D. FRUITY BREATH ODOR - ANSWER-BRADYCARDIA
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WOULD BE AT MOST RISK FOR SUICIDE?
A. A WOMAN WHO QUIT HER JOB FOR ONE THAT PAYS MORE
B. A MAN WHO IS IN THE MIDST OF LOSING A SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP
C. A MAN WHO IS PLANNING A FAMILY TRIP, BUT GETS CALLED AWAY TO WORK
D. AN EMT WHO SAVED A DROWNING CHILD AND RECEIVES A LOT OF MEDIA
ATTENTION - ANSWER-A MAN WHO IS IN THE MIDST OF LOSING A SIGNIFICANT
RELATIONSHIP
A MIDDLE-AGED WOMAN HAS ACUTE SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND
RESPIRATIONS OF 30 BREATH/MIN. HOW SHOULD YOU FIRST MANAGE THIS
PATIENT?
A. ASSESS RESPIRATORY QUALITY
B. BEGIN ASSISTING VENTILATIONS.
C. APPLY SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN
D. PERFORM A DETAILED EXAMINATION - ANSWER-ASSESS RESPIRATORY
QUALITY
TO OBTAIN THE MOST RELIABLE ASSESSMENT OF A PATIENT'S TIDAL VOLUME,
YOU SHOULD
A. ASSESS FOR RETRACTIONS
B. LISTEN FOR AIRWAY NOISES
C. COUNT THE RESPIRATORY RATE
D. LOOK AT THE RISE OF THE CHEST - ANSWER-LOOK AT THE RISE OF THE CHEST
AS YOU ARE PERFORMING CPR ON AN ELDERLY MAN, HIS WIFE PRESENTS YOU
WITH A "DO NOT RESUSCITATE" ORDER. YOUR MOST APPROPRIATE COURSE OF
ACTION IS TO
A. IGNORE THE DOCUMENT AND CONTINUE THE CPR
B. COMPLY WITH THE DOCUMENT AND STOP CPR
C. CONTINUE CPR UNTIL MEDICAL CONTROL IS NOTIFIED
D. WITHHOLD CPR UNTIL MEDICAL CONTROL VALIDATES THE ORDER - ANSWER-
CONTINUE CPR UNTIL MEDICAL CONTROL IS NOTIFIED
A 5 YEAR OLD BOY COMPLAINS OF PAIN TO THE RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT OF HIS
ABDOMEN. CORRECT ASSESSMENT OF THIS CHILD'S ABDOMEN INCLUDES
A. AVOIDING PALPATION OF THE ABDOMEN
B. PALPATING THE LEFT UPPER QUADRANT FIRST
C. AUSCULTATING BOWEL SOUNDS FOR 2 MINUTES
D. PALPATING THE RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT FIRST - ANSWER-PALPATING THE
LEFT UPPER QUADRANT FIRST
IN MOST STATES; THE EMT-BASIC IS REQUIRED TO REPORT WHICH OF THE
FOLLOWING OCCURRENCES?
A. ANIMAL BITE
B. DRUG OVERDOSE
C. INJURY TO A MINOR
D. MOTOR VEHICLE CRASH - ANSWER-ANIMAL BITE
AS YOU STEP OUT OF THE AMBULANCE AT THE SCENE OF A NIGHTTIME MOTOR
VEHICLE CRASH ON THE HIGHWAY, YOUR IMMEDIATE CONCERN SHOULD BE
A. ONCOMING TRAFFIC
B. WHETHER THE CAR WILL CATCH ON FIRE
C. PLACING SAFETY FLARES BY THE AMBULANCE
D. QUICK ASSESSMENT OF THE PATIENTS IN THE CAR - ANSWER-ONCOMING
TRAFFIC
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ACTIONS SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT DURING THE
INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF AN UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT?
A. ASSESSING THE SKIN
B. PALPATING THE CRANIUM
C. AUSCULTATING THE LUNGS
D. OBTAINING A BLOOD PRESSURE - ANSWER-ASSESSING THE SKIN
YOU ARRIVE AT THE SCENE SHORTLY AFTER A 55-YEAR-OLD MAN COLLAPSED.
TWO BYSTANDERS ARE PERFORMING CPR. THE MAN'S WIFE STATES THAT HE HAD
CARDIAC BY-PASS SURGERY APPROXIMATELY 6 MONTHS EARLIER. THERE ARE NO
SIGNS OF TRAUMA. YOUR FIRST ACTION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THIS PATIENT
SHOULD BE TO
A. ATTACH AN AED AND ANALYZE THE CARDIAC RHYTHM.
B. CHECK THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CPR IN PROGRESS.
C. INSERT AN OROPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY AND CONTINUE CPR
D. STOP CPR SO YOU CAN ASSESS PULSE AND BREATHING - ANSWER-STOP CPR SO
YOU CAN ASSESS PULSE AND BREATHING
YOU ARRIVE AT THE SCENE SHORTLY AFTER A 55-YEAR-OLD MAN COLLAPSED.
TWO BYSTANDERS ARE PERFORMING CPR. THE MAN'S WIFE STATES THAT HE HAD
CARDIAC BY-PASS SURGERY APPROXIMATELY 6 MONTHS EARLIER. THERE ARE NO
SIGNS OF TRAUMA. CARDIAC ARREST IN THE ADULT POPULATION IS MOST OFTEN
THE RESULT OF
A. AN ACUTE STROKE
B. RESPIRATORY FAILURE
C. CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS
D. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION - ANSWER-CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS
YOU ARRIVE AT THE SCENE SHORTLY AFTER A 55-YEAR-OLD MAN COLLAPSED.
TWO BYSTANDERS ARE PERFORMING CPR. THE MAN'S WIFE STATES THAT HE HAD
CARDIAC BY-PASS SURGERY APPROXIMATELY 6 MONTHS EARLIER. THERE ARE NO
SIGNS OF TRAUMA. AFTER YOU ATTACH THE AED AND ANALYZE THIS PATIENT'S
HEART RHYTHM, THE MACHINE STATES, "SHOCK ADVISED." WHAT CARDIAC
RHYTHM IS THE PATIENT MOST LIKELY IN?
A. ASYSTOLE
B. VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION
C. VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
D. PULSELESS ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY - ANSWER-VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION
IMMEDIATELY UPON DELIVERY OF A NEWBORN'S HEAD, YOU SHOULD FIRST
A. DRY THE FACE
B. COVER THE EYES
C. SUCTION THE NOSE
D. SUCTION THE MOUTH - ANSWER-SUCTION THE MOUTH
D. MINIMIZE INTERRUPTIONS IN CHEST COMPRESSIONS, PROVIDE 70%
COMPRESSION TIME AND 30% RELAXATION TIME, DELIVER COMPRESSIONS AT A
RATE OF 100/MIN - ANSWER-COMPRESS THE CHEST TO A DEPTH OF 1 1/2" TO 2",
ALLOW FULL RECOIL OF THE CHEST AFTER EACH COMPRESSION, MINIMIZE
INTERRUPTIONS IN CHEST COMPRESSIONS
PREVENTION OF CARDIAC ARREST IN INFANTS AND SMALL CHILDREN SHOULD
FOCUS PRIMARILY ON
A. KEEPING THE CHILD WARM
B. AVOIDING UPSETTING THE CHILD
C. PROVIDING IMMEDIATE TRANSPORT
D. PROVIDING AIRWAY MANAGEMENT - ANSWER-PROVIDING AIRWAY
MANAGEMENT
YOU ARE MANAGING A CONSCIOUS PATIENT WHO YOU BELIEVE IS HAVING AN
ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE. AFTER ADMINISTERING OXYGEN, YOUR NEXT PRIORITY
SHOULD INCLUDE:
A. PROVIDING PROMPT TRANSPORT FOR POSSIBLE FIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY.
B. DETERMINING WHETHER THE PATIENT HAS PRESCRIBED NITROGLYCERIN
C. CLOSELY MONITORING THE BLOOD PRESSURE
D. COMPLETING A DETAILED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION BEFORE PROVIDING
TRANSPORT. - ANSWER-PROVIDING PROMPT TRANSPORT FOR POSSIBLE
FIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WITH DIABETES SHOULD RECEIVE ORAL
GLUCOSE?
A. A CONFUSED PATIENT WHO HAS COOL, CLAMMY SKIN
B. A CONFUSED PATIENT WHO HAS SUSPECTED
C. A SEMICONSCIOUS PATIENT WITH PALE SKIN
D. AN UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT WHO TOOK TOO MUCH INSULIN - ANSWER-A
CONFUSED PATIENT WHO HAS COOL, CLAMMY SKIN
DURING A BAR FIGHT, A 22-YEAR OLD MAN WAS STABBED IN THE CHEST WITH A
LARGE KNIFE. THE PATIENT IS PULSELESS AND APNEIC, AND THE KNIFE IS
IMPALED IN THE CENTER OF HIS CHEST. MANAGEMENT SHOULD INCLUDE
A. STABILIZING THE KNIFE, STARTING CPR, AND PROVIDING RAPID TRANSPORT
B. STABILIZING THE KNIFE, APPLYING AN OCCLUSIVE DRESSING AND PROVIDING
RAPID TRANSPORT
C. REMOVING THE KNIFE, STARTING CPR, AND PROVIDING RAPID TRANSPORT
D. REMOVING THE KNIFE, APPLYING AN OCCLUSIVE DRESSING, AND PROVIDING
RAPID TRANSPORT. - ANSWER-REMOVING THE KNIFE, STARTING CPR, AND
PROVIDING RAPID TRANSPORT
IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS WOULD NITROGLYCERIN BE
CONTRAINDICATED?
A. 41-YEAR-OLD MALE WITH CRUSHING CHEST PRESSURE, A BLOOD PRESSURE OF
160/90 MM HG, AND SEVER NAUSEA
B. 53-YEAR OLD MALE WITH CHEST DISCOMFORT, DIAPHORESIS, A BLOOD
PRESSURE OF 146/66 MM HG, AND REGULAR USE OF CIALIS
C. 58-YEAR OLD MALE WITH CHEST PAIN RADIATING TO THE LEFT ARM, A BLOOD
PRESSURE OF 130/64 MM HG, AND PRESCRIBED TEGRETOL
D. 66-YEAR-OLD FEMALE WITH CHEST PRESSURE OF 6 HOURS' DURATIONI,
LIGHTHEADEDNESS, AND A BLOOD PRESSURE OF 110/58 MM HG - ANSWER-53-
YEAR OLD MALE WITH CHEST DISCOMFORT, DIAPHORESIS, A BLOOD PRESSURE
OF 146/66 MM HG, AND REGULAR USE OF CIALIS
FIREFIGHTERS HAVE RESCUED A MAN FROM HIS BURNING HOUSE. HE IS
CONSCIOUS AND IN CONSIDERABLE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS. HE HAS A BRASSY
A. DEEP
B. LABORED
C. SHALLOW
D. DYSPNEIC - ANSWER-SHALLOW
PRIOR TO APPLYING A NONREBREATHING MASK ON A PATIENT WITH DIFFICULT
BREATHING YOU SHOULD
A. SET THE FLOW RATE TO NO MORE THAN 10 L/MIN.
B. PREFILL THE RESERVOIR BAG TO ENSURE DELIVERY OF 100% OXYGEN
C. INSERT A NASOPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY TO MAINTAIN AIRWAY PATENCY.
D. PERFORM A COMPLETE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION TO DETERMINE THE DEGREE
OF HYPOXIA. - ANSWER-PREFILL THE RESERVOIR BAG TO ENSURE DELIVERY OF
100% OXYGEN
A 60-YEAR-OLD WOMAN IS EXPERIENCING SEVERE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS. WHEN
YOU ASK HER A QUESTION, SHE CAN ONLY SAY TWO WORDS AT A TIME. YOU
SHOULD MANAGE THIS PATIENT BY
A. INSERTING A NASOPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY
B. PROVIDING POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATIONS.
C. APPLYING A NASAL CANNULA SET AT 2 TO 6 L/MIN.
D. APPLYING A NONREBREATHING MASK SET AT 15 L/MIN. - ANSWER-PROVIDING
POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATIONS.
THE MOST EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING WHETHER YOU ARE
PROVIDING ADEQUATE ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION IS
A. ASSESSING THE CHEST FOR ADEQUATE RISE
B. ASSESSING THE PULSE FOR A IMPROVING HEART RATE
C. CHECKING THE PUPILS FOR INCREASED REACTIVITY
D. CHECKING THE SKIN FOR IMPROVEMENT OF CYANOSIS - ANSWER-ASSESSING
THE CHEST FOR ADEQUATE RISE
YOU ARE ADMINISTERING OXYGEN TO A WOMAN WITH ASTHMA WHO TOOK
TWO PUFFS OF HER PRESCRIBED INHALER WITHOUT RELIEF PRIOR TO YOUR
ARRIVAL. YOUR NEXT ACTION SHOULD BE TO
A. CONTACT MEDICAL CONTROL FOR FURTHER ADVICE
B. ADMINISTER ONE MORE PUFF FROM THE INHALER
C. PROVIDE IMMEDIATE TRANSPORT TO THE HOSPITAL
D. CONFIRM THAT HER INHALER IS PRESCRIBED TO HER - ANSWER-CONTACT
MEDICAL CONTROL FOR FURTHER ADVICE
UNCONSCIOUSNESS, SHALLOW BREATHING, AND CONSTRICTED PUPILS ARE
MOST INDICATIVE OF WHAT TYPE OF DRUG OVERDOSE?
A. NARCOTIC
B. MARIJUANA
C. BARBITURATE
D. AMPHETAMINE - ANSWER-NARCOTIC
WHEN DEALING WITH AN EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED PATIENT, YOU SHOULD BE
CONCERNED WITH
A. PROVIDING SAFE TRANSPORT
B. WHETHER THE PATIENT COULD HARM YOU
C. OBTAINING A COMPLETE MEDICAL HISTORY
