Download EDF 6225 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED PASS (2025/2026) and more Exams Behavioural Science in PDF only on Docsity!
EDF
EDF 6225 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED
PASS (2025/2026)
independent variable - ANS ✓the event in which we manipulate. In behavior analysis it is known as the intervention. dependent variable - ANS ✓the event in which we observe change. in behavior analysis is known as the behavior. Applied Behavior Analysis is set apart from other disciplines by - ANS ✓focus, goals, and methods The goals of ABA are - ANS ✓description, prediction, and control Descriptive knowledge consists of a collection of facts about the observed events that can be - ANS ✓quantified, classified, and examined for possible relations The highest level of scientific understanding - ANS ✓control A functional relation exists when a change in__________ is reliably produced by manipulations of the ___________ - ANS ✓a dependent, independent The practice of objective observation and measurement is - ANS ✓empiricism
EDF
Empiricism is the foremost rule - ANS ✓in behavior analysis Repeating experiments is - ANS ✓replication the logical explanations for the phenomenon under investigation are ruled out - ANS ✓parsimony Questioning the truthfulness of facts is - ANS ✓philosophic doubt ______________ assumes that all phenomena occur as the result of other events
- ANS ✓Determinism ____________ is antithetical to determinism - ANS ✓Accidentalism According to Johnston and Pennypacker, a ___________ is the portion of an organism's interaction with it's environment that involves displacement of some part of the organism - ANS ✓behavior Responses can include - ANS ✓striated and smooth muscles and glands One definition of a response class is - ANS ✓a group of responses with the same function A stimulus is - ANS ✓an energy change that affects an organism through its receptor cells A stimulus class - ANS ✓any group of stimuli sharing a predetermined set of common elements
EDF
Negative Punishment (TYPE 2) - ANS ✓When the WITHDRAW of a stimulus DECREASES the frequency of a behavior discriminated operant - ANS ✓A behavior that occurs more frequently under some antecedent conditions than it does in others. Ex. We answer the phone when it is ringing, but not when it isn't Skinner's scientific attitude - ANS ✓Seeks to understand all human bx and was far a reaching/ dramatic departure from other conceptual systems Description - ANS ✓the lowest level of scientific understanding: collection of facts about observed events that can be quantified, classified, & examined for possible relations with other known facts (useful info about the thing we're studying). Description can suggest hypothesis, questions, and additional research ideas preditction - ANS ✓the second tier of scientific understanding/slightly better: relative probability that when one event occurs, another event either will or will not occur. Must be based on repeated observations. Demonstrates correlation between events (causal relationships cannot be determined) Control - ANS ✓ultimate goal/highest level of understanding: functional relations can be derived. Control is the thing, where when we implement an independent variable, we see the behavior change. We can then withdraw it and see the behavior go back to baseline, etc. Determinism - ANS ✓the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena occur as the result of other events (events do not occur at will, they are related in a systematic way) Empiricism - ANS ✓the practice of objective observation of the phenomena of interest (all scientific knowledge is built upon empiricism). We observe what we want to know more about
EDF
Accidentalism - ANS ✓events in the universe happen randomly or by accident (the antithesis to determinism) Fatalism - ANS ✓everything is predetermined (no matter what we do nothing changes) Experiment - ANS ✓controlled comparison of some measure of the phenomenon of interest (dependent variable) under two or more different conditions in which only one factor at a time (independent variable) differs from one condition to another Replication - ANS ✓the repeating of an experiment. This is how scientists determine the reliability and usefulness of their experiments (a requirement for believability) parsimony - ANS ✓all simple explanations are ruled out before more complex or abstract explanations are considered (conservative value of science) Philosophical doubt - ANS ✓the continuous questioning of truthfulness and validity of all scientific theory and knowledge (guiding conscience of science) Respondent behavior - ANS ✓reflexive behavior. Respondents are brought out by stimuli that immediately precede them (antecedent stimuli) (S-R model). An example of this is Ivan Pavlov's study of the salivating dogs reflex - ANS ✓Antecedent stimulus & the response it elicits (involuntary response) Operant behavior - ANS ✓behavior shaped through the consequences that immediately follow it. 3-term contingency (S-R-S model)
EDF
Technological (characteristics of ABA) - ANS ✓means that we fully disclose all of the procedures we followed in order to measure behavior before and during the intervention, as well as to how the intervention was applied. Conceptually Systematic (characteristics of ABA) - ANS ✓behavior change interventions are derived from basic principles of behavior (ABA is not just a "collection of tricks"). We rely on behavioral procedures derived from the research, not just random attempts to change behavior. Effective (characteristics of ABA) - ANS ✓improves behavior sufficiently to produce practical results. Noticeable changes. Behavior improves in a socially significant way/ demonstrates a reliable change Generality (characteristics of ABA) - ANS ✓"gold standard": produces behavior changes that last over time and appear in other environments and in other behaviors (not just the ones directly targeted by interventions) response (both definitions) - ANS ✓an "action of an organism's effector" (in some way our body is responding to stimuli around it. In humans this could occur in striated muscles, smooth muscles, or glands) OR one specific instance of behavior response class - ANS ✓A group of responses of varying topography, all of which produce the same effect on the environment. Behavior Class - ANS ✓An entire class or set of behaviors that share physical characteristics or similar function Response Topography - ANS ✓physical shape or form of behavior response function - ANS ✓effect of behavior on the environment
EDF
Stimulus - ANS ✓An energy change that affects an organism through its receptor cells (doesn't have to be observable) stimulus class - ANS ✓A group of stimuli that share specified common elements
- formal (physical features), temporal (when they occur with respect to a behavior of interest, and/or functional (effects on behavior) dimensions unconditioned punisher - ANS ✓Do not need to be paired with any form of punishment- Painful stimulation, light, sound, temperature Ex. Car alarm/ nails on chalkboard, chewing loudly Could be unpleasant to a newborn baby Unconditioned Reinforcer - ANS ✓Do not need to be paired w any other form of reinforcement- Food, water, sexual stimulation Motivating operations: determine how strong these are (how hungry you are) Deprivation and Satiation Conditioned Reinforcers and Punishers - ANS ✓Function as reinforcers and punishers only because of prior pairing with other reinforcers or punishers Ex. Frowning Not going to work on newborn baby
