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A case study of a 23-year-old woman, j.m., diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. It explores the diagnostic criteria, clinical symptoms, and associated disorders. The document delves into the treatment approach, highlighting various therapies, medication management, and relapse prevention strategies. It also discusses the importance of family therapy and support groups in the recovery process.
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You are a nurse on an inpatient psychiatric unit. J.M., a 23-year-old woman, was admitted to the psychiatric unit last night after assessment and treatment at a local hospital emergency department (ED) for “blacking out at school.” She has been given a preliminary diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. As you begin to assess her, you notice that she has very loose clothing, she is wrapped in a blanket, and her extremities are very thin. She tells you, “I don’t know why I’m here. They’re making a big deal about nothing.” She appears to be extremely thin and pale, with dry and brittle hair, which is very thin and patchy, and she constantly complains about being cold. As you ask questions pertaining to weight and nutrition, she becomes defensive and vague, but she does admit to losing “some” weight after an appendectomy 2 years ago. She tells you that she used to be fat, but after her surgery she didn’t feel like eating and everybody started commenting on how good she was beginning to look, so she just quit eating for a while. She informs you that she is eating lots now, even though everyone keeps “bugging me about my weight and how much I eat.” She eventually admits to a weight loss of “about 40 pounds and I’m still fat.
Anxiety: Feeling worried or anxious, sometimes about things that might not seem scary to others. This can cause anxiety and not knowing what will happen next. Substance Abuse: Turning to drugs or alcohol to cope with their feelings or try to control their eating. Several times there are substance that can lead to weight loss, which might be used if the individual desires to lose weight. Suicide Ideation: Hurting themselves on purpose, like cutting or burning their skin, to deal with emotional pain. Several times individuals are not sure how they will cope, which can lead to suicide ideation. Social Isolation: Avoiding spending time with friends or family and feeling isolated. Being afraid that if they were to go out, they might get judged which leads to social isolation.
healthier coping strategies. This is important, because therapy can identify ways in which it can be helpful to change the patient thinks and help establish and better thinking process. Body Image Therapy: Working on improving body image perception and self-esteem are significant for this patient, because this will help them feel better about themselves and the way their appearance is. This will be helpful for the patient in developing effective coping strategies that can help them with how they see their body image by exercising and positive affirmations. Interpersonal Therapy: Addressing relationship difficulties and interpersonal conflicts that may contribute to the development or maintenance of eating disorder. This will help them share their thoughts and make them realize their own things that need to be improved. Emotion Regulation Skills: This will help teach the patient to help identify and manage emotions in healthier ways, reducing reliance on disorder eating behaviors as a coping mechanism. Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques: Practicing mindfulness exercises and relaxation techniques to reduce stress and anxiety levels, promoting overall well-being. This is a great coping technique for helping just being in the present time and not thinking about past worries and future anxieties. Family Therapy: Involving family members in therapy sessions to address family dynamics, improve communication, and provide support for individuals recovery process. It helps they stay connected within the family and help with their relationship as well. Support Groups: support groups are a great way to help these patients connect with other individuals that may have suffered or experienced something like what they might have gone through related to anorexia nervosa. This also helps with shared coping strategies. Medication Management: In some cases, medication may be prescribed to address co-occurring conditions such as depression, anxiety, or OCD or even with social isolation. Relapse Preventing Planning: Developing strategies and coping skills to prevent relapse and maintain progress achieved during treatment, including identifying triggers, building a support network, and establishing healthy routines.