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PHT1 20
Drug Classification Systems
Finals Exam (Qns & Ans)
General Instructions
- Read All Questions Carefully : Make sure you understand each question.
- Time Management : You have a specific amount of time to complete the exam. Keep an eye on the clock and pace yourself.
- Allowed Materials : Only use materials that are explicitly allowed. Unauthorized materials can lead to disqualification.
- ANS Format : Follow the required format for your ANS. For example, multiple- choice questions might need you to select the best ANS, while essay questions require detailed responses.
- Academic Integrity : Adhere to the university's honor code. Any form of cheating or plagiarism is strictly prohibited.
- Technical Requirements : Ensure your computer and internet connection are stable. For online exams, you might need a webcam and microphone for proctoring purposes.
- Submission : Submit your ANS before the time expires. Late submissions might not be accepted.
- Which classification system categorizes drugs based on their mechanism of action?
- A) Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification (ATC)
- B) Chemical Classification
- C) Pharmacological Classification
- D) Therapeutic Classification ANS : C) Pharmacological Classification Rationale: Pharmacological classification organizes drugs according to their mechanism of action.
- What is the primary focus of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification?
- A) Chemical structure
- B) Therapeutic use and anatomical group
- C) Mechanism of action
- D) Drug safety ANS : B) Therapeutic use and anatomical group Rationale: The ATC system classifies drugs based on their anatomical site of action and therapeutic application.
- Which drug class is considered the most addictive according to the DEA scheduling system?
- A) Schedule I
- B) Schedule II
- C) Schedule III
- D) Schedule IV ANS : A) Schedule I Rationale: Schedule I drugs are classified as having the highest potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.
- In the context of drug classification, what does a 'prodrug' refer to?
- A) A drug that is effective immediately upon administration
- B) An inactive form that becomes active after metabolism
- C) A drug that causes adverse effects
- D) A generic drug ANS : B) An inactive form that becomes active after metabolism Rationale: Prodrugs are converted into an active pharmaceutical compound through metabolic processes. Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
- The __________ classification involves drugs grouped primarily by their chemical structure or pharmacological action. ANS : pharmacological Rationale: This classification is based on how drugs interact with biological systems and their chemical properties.
- The __________ drug classification system categorizes drugs into categories based on their potential for abuse and accepted medical use. ANS : DEA Rationale: The DEA classifies drugs according to their potential for abuse and the medical acceptance within the United States.
- The mechanism of action of drugs, such as beta-blockers acting on beta-adrenergic receptors, falls under the __________ classification. ANS : pharmacological Rationale: This classification focuses on how drugs exert their effects on the body.
- The ATC classification divides drugs into __________ levels, with each level representing different classifications.
- True or False: Chemical classification systems often prioritize pharmacodynamics over pharmacokinetics. ANS : False Rationale: Chemical classification systems generally focus on the structure and composition of drugs rather than their action. Multiple Response Questions
- Select all that apply: What are key considerations when classifying drugs?
- A) Pharmacodynamics
- B) Market trends
- C) Therapeutic application
- D) Chemical structure ANS : A) Pharmacodynamics, C) Therapeutic application, D) Chemical structure Rationale: Key considerations include drug action, therapeutic use, and chemical nature, while market trends are not typically a classification criterion.
- Select all that apply: Which of the following are characteristics of Schedule IV drugs?
- A) Low potential for abuse
- B) Accepted medical use
- C) High potential for dependence
- D) Examples include benzodiazepines ANS : A) Low potential for abuse, B) Accepted medical use, D) Examples include benzodiazepines Rationale: Schedule IV drugs are accepted for medical use, have a low potential for abuse, and include medications like benzodiazepines, while they also have a potential for dependence. Additional Multiple Choice Questions
- The term ‘therapeutic index’ is best described as:
- A) The time it takes for a drug to begin working.
- B) The ratio between the toxic dose and the effective dose of a drug.
- C) The measurement of a drug's side effects.
- D) The classification of drugs based on their risk to reward ratio. ANS : B) The ratio between the toxic dose and the effective dose of a drug. Rationale: The therapeutic index indicates drug safety by comparing effective and toxic doses.
- Select all that apply: Which systems are used to classify drug interactions?
- A) Pharmacodynamic interactions
- B) Therapeutic classification
- C) Chemical classification
- D) Pharmacokinetic interactions ANS : A) Pharmacodynamic interactions, D) Pharmacokinetic interactions Rationale: Drug interactions are primarily examined through pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic perspectives. Additional Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
- “The __________ classification system is often utilized for classifying drugs that are derived from living organisms.” ANS : biological Rationale: Biological classification refers to drugs sourced from biological entities.
- “Clinical trials are essential for determining the __________ and safety profile of new medications.” ANS : efficacy
Rationale: Clinical trials assess the efficacy and safety of drugs before approval.
- “The __________ classification considers both the controlled nature of the drug and its medical utility.” ANS : scheduling Rationale: Drug scheduling reflects the potential for abuse and accepted uses. Additional True/False Questions
- True or False: All drugs classified under the same ATC code have identical pharmacological actions. ANS : False Rationale: While drugs may share a similar ATC code, they can still have different pharmacological effects.
- True or False: The FDA oversees both the approval process and the classification systems for drugs. ANS : True Rationale: The FDA is responsible for regulating drug approval and classification in the United States.
Rationale: Absorption is influenced by the route, solubility, and local blood flow, but pharmacological classification does not directly affect absorption. Which of the following classification systems is primarily used for therapeutic purposes? a) Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System b) United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Drug Classification System c) National Drug Code (NDC) Directory d) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Schedule of Controlled Substances ANS : a) Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System Rationale: The ATC system is designed to group drugs based on their therapeutic effects and chemical structure, making it ideal for clinical decision-making. Which classification system is used to regulate the manufacture and distribution of drugs with potential for abuse? a) Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System b) United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Drug Classification System
c) National Drug Code (NDC) Directory d) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Schedule of Controlled Substances ANS : d) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Schedule of Controlled Substances Rationale: The DEA Schedule of Controlled Substances categorizes drugs based on their potential for abuse and addiction, with Schedule I drugs having the highest potential for abuse and Schedule V having the lowest. The NDC number is a unique identifier for a drug product and includes information about which of the following? a) Manufacturer b) Drug strength c) Dosage form d) All of the above ANS : d) All of the above Rationale: The NDC number consists of three segments that identify the manufacturer, drug strength, and dosage form, respectively. Which classification system is primarily used for pharmaceutical manufacturing and distribution purposes?
The _ system categorizes drugs based on their chemical structure, pharmacological action, and therapeutic use. ANS : Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) The _ is a comprehensive compendium of drug standards and information used in the United States. ANS : United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Drugs with a high potential for abuse and addiction are classified as _ substances. ANS : Controlled The _ number is a unique identifier for a drug product, consisting of three segments. ANS : National Drug Code (NDC) _ is the process of grouping drugs based on their shared characteristics, such as therapeutic effects, chemical structure, or mechanism of action. ANS : Drug Classification
True/False: The ATC classification system is primarily used in the United States. ANS : False Rationale: The ATC system is primarily used in Europe and other parts of the world. The DEA Schedule of Controlled Substances includes all prescription drugs. ANS : False Rationale: The DEA Schedule only includes drugs with a potential for abuse. The NDC number is used to track and manage drug products throughout the supply chain. ANS : True The USP Drug Classification System is used to regulate the manufacturing and distribution of drugs. ANS : False Rationale: The USP Drug Classification System is primarily used for setting drug standards and quality control.
c) Increased drug development efficiency d) Reduced healthcare costs ANS : a, b, c Rationale: Classification systems promote clear communication, reduce errors, and facilitate drug development. Which of the following are examples of drug classification systems used in different countries? a) Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System b) National Drug Code (NDC) Directory c) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Schedule of Controlled Substances d) British National Formulary (BNF) e) Australian Medicines Handbook (AMH) ANS : a, d, e Rationale: The ATC system is used globally, while the BNF and AMH are specific to the UK and Australia, respectively. Which of the following are challenges associated with drug classification systems? a) Difficulty in classifying drugs with multiple therapeutic effects
b) Changes in drug development and availability c) Lack of standardization across different countries d) Difficulty in keeping up with emerging drug classes ANS : a, b, c, d Rationale: Classification systems face challenges due to the complexity of drugs, evolving research, and global variations. Which of the following are important considerations when using a drug classification system? a) Understanding the limitations of the system b) Consulting multiple sources of information c) Keeping up with updates and changes d) Using the system as a tool for decision-making, not as a substitute for clinical judgment ANS : a, b, c, d Rationale: Effective use of classification systems requires critical thinking and a comprehensive approach. Multiple Choice Questions
- Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system? o A. To classify drugs based on their chemical structure
