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domenico morone and the decoration of the sagramosso chapel in the church of san bernardino, verona., Thesis of History of Art

Case Western Reserve University (CWRU)History of Art

this dissertation races the artistic endeavors of the veronese artist Domenico Morone and his involvement in the library of the Franciscan monastery at San Bernardino. It establishes Domenico Morone's hand as well as his students within this space for the first time in modern scholarship.

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DOMENICO MORONE AND THE DECORATION OF

THE SAGRAMOSO LIBRARY IN THE CHURCH OF

SAN BERNARDINO, VERONA

Gene Peter Veronesi

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements

For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy

Thesis Adviser: Dr. Edward J. Olszewski

Department of Art History

CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY

May 2001

1

Partial preview of the text

Download domenico morone and the decoration of the sagramosso chapel in the church of san bernardino, verona. and more Thesis History of Art in PDF only on Docsity!

DOMENICO MORONE AND THE DECORATION OF

THE SAGRAMOSO LIBRARY IN THE CHURCH OF

SAN BERNARDINO, VERONA

Gene Peter Veronesi

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements

For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy

Thesis Adviser: Dr. Edward J. Olszewski

Department of Art History

CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY

May 2001

Acknowledgements

In every scholarly endeavor there are sources, which have made a significant

difference in the course and final outcome, of the work. This paper certainly has

been the product of many muses, a few academic, mostly personal.

First and foremost I must acknowledge my family in Verona who stimulated an

interest in my research, encouraged and tempted me with new suggestions and

possible works by the early Veronese artist Domenico Morone. In particular my

cousin Angela Vassanelli, a fresco restorer and her father and mother, Mario and

Mariucchia, took me to isolated chapels for comparisons and early Quattrocento

frescoes. Her restoration work in the Church of San Valentino in Bussolengo

revealed works by followers of Morone.

Next the staff at the Biblioteca Comunale, especially Dr. Conto, for guidance

with research questions. In this same breath, the staff of the Castelvecchio

museum was very important in the early goings of this study. Although I did not

utilize the facilities of the Biblioteca Accademia as much as I would have liked,

their facilities were marvelously quaint, a perfect setting for this endeavor.

The library staff at the Cleveland Museum of Art and Case Western Reserve

Library were very helpful in obtaining works which I found, thanks to the wonders

of the Internet. The staff at the Friedsam Library, and the Franciscan Institute at

St. Bonaventure University also provided me with much of the information on the

Franciscan order and its artistic representation.

I also would like to acknowledge the encouragement of Fr. Joachim A Giermek,

Minister General of the Conventual Order of the Franciscans. He was ordained a

priest while at San Bernardino and had many wonderful memories of the church

and the city.

Those scholars who encouraged me, directly and indirectly must include Dr.

Edward Olszewski. Tuscan in training and interest, who jumped into (or slipped

into) the murky waters of Fifteenth century Veneto and swam along with me for

the 10 years involved in this study. Dr. Jennifer Neils, Chair of the Art History

Department, a classically trained scholar, saw my research from a slightly different

vantage point and was of great encouragement during the process. Dr. Diana

DeGrazie, Curator of Western Art at the Cleveland Museum of Art, suggested

directions for primary sources, which proved to be rich and rewarding. Dr. Evelyn

Karet studies of Stefano da Verona were helpful and corresponding with her

throughout this process proved to be enlightening.

To the nameless friars of San Bernardino must go a wonderful debt of gratitude.

They offered their assistance whenever it was needed and the key to the massive

ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1. The Emperor Theodoric at the Hunt. Detail of a stone carved facade, Verona. San Zeno. Figure 2. Francesco Benaglio. Saint Lawrence. Verona. Museo Capitolare. Figure 3. Francesco Benaglio. Saint Stephen. Verona. Musco Capitolare. Figure 4. Francesco Benaglio. Detail of San Bernardino Triptych. Verona. San Bernardino. Figure 5. Andrea Mantegna. Detail, Saint Sebastian. Paris. Louvre. Figure 6. Andrea Mantegna. Detail, Archers shooting at Saint Christopher. Padua. Church of the Eremitani, Ovetari Chapel. Figure 7. Cima da Conegliano. Coronation of the Virgin : Venice. Saint Giovanni e Paolo. Figure 8. Michele Sanmicheli. Frieze of Tritons. Verona. Bevilacqua Palace. Figure 9.Domenico Morone and assistants. Frieze. Verona. Sagrarnoso Library. Figure 10. Giovanni Maria Falconetto. Detail , Chapel of Saint Biagio. Verona. Santi Nazaro e Celso. Figure 11. Francesco Bonsignori. Dal Bovo Altarpiece. Verona. Castelvecchio Museum. Figure 12. Michele de Verona_. Crucifixion_. Milan, Brera. Figure 13. Liberale da Verona. Adoration of the Magi. Verona. Duomo. Figure 14. Liberale da Verona. Gradual, Feast of Saint Petri, Miniature of Saint Lorenzo. Siena. Piccolomini Library. Figure 15. Liberale da Verona. Gradual, Holy Martyr. Antiphonarium for the First Sunday of Advent. Siena. Piccolomini Library. Figure 16. Liberale da Verona. Graduale, Commune Sanctorum, Apparition of the Eternal Father to a Prophet. Siena. Piccolomini Library. Figure 17. Liberale da Verona. The Holy Trinity. Siena. Piccolomini Library. Figure 18. Liberale da Verona. Madonna with Child. Altenburg. Lindenau Museum. Figure 19. Liberale da Verona. Madonna with Child. Budapest. Petery Collection. Figure 20. Liberale da Verona. Crucifixion (1470). Location unknown.

Figure 21. Liberale da Verona. Saint Sebastian and a Blessed Augustinian Monk. Princeton. Art Museum. Figure 22. Liberale da Verona. Saint Sebastian. Berlin. Kaiser Friedrich Museum. Figure 23. Liberale da Verona. Madonna enthroned between Three Angels and Saints Benedict and Francesca. Rome. Sacristy of Saint Francesca Romana. Figure 24. Liberale da Verona. Madonna with Child and Four Angels. Stockholm. University Museum. Figure 25. Liberale da Verona. The Mystical Marriage of Saint Catherine. Verona. Canossa Collection. Figure 26. Girolamo Dai Libri. Two Holy Martyrs. Cleveland. Cleveland Museum of Art, J.H. Wade Collection. Figure 27. Domenico Morone. Nativity. Berlin. Kupferstichkabinett. Figure 28. Alberto da Milano. Statue of Pliny. Verona. Loggia, Piazza Dante. Figure 29. Alberto da Milano. Statue of Macro. Verona. Loggia, Piazza Dante. Figure 30. Alberto da Milano. Statue of Vitruvius. Verona. Loggia, Piazza Dante. Figure 31. Alberto da Milano. Statue of Catullus. Verona. Loggia, Piazza Dante. Figure 32. Alberto da Milano. Statue of Nepos. Verona. Loggia, Piazza Dante. Figure 33. Domenico Morone. Madonna and Child. Berlin. GemaldeGalerie, Signed and dated April 23, 1483. Figure 34. Domenico Morone. Cacciata dei Bonacolsi. Mantua. Palazzo Ducale, signed. Figure 35. Domenico Morone. Madonna and Child with Saint Christopher. Verona. Via Nicola Mazza, 51 (Destroyed) taken from Piero Nanin, Disegni di varie pitture a affreschi di Verona. Figure 36. Vittorio Carpaccio. Martyrdom of the Pilgrims of Saint Ursula. Venice, Accademia. Figure 37. Andrea Mantegna. Camera degli Sposi. Mantua. Palazzo Ducale. Figures 38,39,40. Falconetto/Morone. Chapel of Saint Biagio. Verona. Santi Nazaro e Celso. Figure 41. Domenico Morone. Two Tournaments Scenes. London. National Gallery. Figure 42. Domenico Morone. Frescoes from the Church of the Paladon. Saints Catherine, Leonardo, Gottardo. Dominic, Rocco, Anthony of Padua, Onofrio and Lucy. Verona. Castelvecchio Museum. Figure 43. Sassetta. Madonna of Humility. Rome. Pinacoteca Vaticana. Figure 44. Sandro di Pietro. Madonna of Humility. New York. The Brooklyn Museum.

Figure 67."Maestro dei Martiri Francescani". Four Franciscan Martyrs of Cadi. Verona. San Fenno. Figure 68. Martino da Verona. Doctors and Evangelists. Verona. San Fermo. Figure 69. "Maestro dell' Annunciazione". Tree of Life. Verona. San Fermo. Figure 70. Benozzo Gozzoli. Portrait of San Bernardino. Montefalco.Saint Fortunato. Figure 71. Bartolomeo Vivarini. Portrait of Saint Giovanni da Capestrano. Paris. Louvre. Figure 72. Carlo Crivelli. Portrait of Blessed James of the Marches. Rome. Vatican. Figure 73. Domenico Morone. San Bernardino. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 74. A. Vene de Fenzi. Entrance to the Church of San Bernardino. IHS symbol promoted by Saint Bernardino. Verona. San Bernardino, 1930. Figure 75. Cover sketch of Saint Bernardino on the Quaderno de la fabrica del monastero di San Bernardino. Verona. Archivio di Stato. Figure 76. Francesco Benaglio. San Bernardino Triptych. Verona. San Bernardino. Figures 77, 78, 79,80 Unknown artist. Illustrations of Franciscans painted on the nave of the church of San Francesco. Schio. 1509. . Figure 81. Hans Limbach. Watercolor, San Bernardino , 1847, owned by Gene Veronesi. Figure 82. Sonzogno. Engraving of the Church of San Bernardino. 1888. Figure 83. Maestro Modesto. Entrance to the church of San Bernardino. Verona. Figure 84. Interior of the Church of San Bernardino , Verona. Figure 85. Domenico Morone. Medici Chapel. Verona. San Bernardino. Figure 86. Domenico Morone. Medici Chapel. Detail of Nicolo dei Medici. Verona. San Bemardino. Figure 87. Domenico Morone. Medici Chapel. Sinopia of Saint Augustine. Verona. San Bernardino. Figure 88. Domenico Morone. Rossi Organ shutters. Verona. San Bernardino. Figure 89. Domenico Morone. Detail of the Rossi Organ shutters , Saint Francis receiving the Stigmata and San Bernardino. Verona. San Bernardino. Figure 90. Domenico Morone. Saint Francis receiving the Stigmata. Verona. Refectory of San Bernardino, destroyed, 1945. Figure 91. Stefano da Verona. Saint Francis in Ecstasy. Mantua. Rama Chapel. Figure 92. Half portrait, Domenico Morone? Domenico Montresor? Verona.Sagramoso Library. Figure 93. Domenico Morone. Central fresco, Madonna and Child with Saints and Donors. Verona. Sagramoso Library.

Figure 94. Domenico Morone. Lionello Sagramoso. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 95. Domenico Morone. Anna Maria Tramarina. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 96. Domenico Morone. Central fresco, view of Malcesine, Lake Garda. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 97. Andrea Mantegna. Saint Sebastian. Vienna, Kunsthistorischen Museum. Figure 98. Andrea Mantegna. Saint Sebastian. Paris. Louvre. Figure 99. Domenico Morone. Decorative column. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 100. Domenico Morone. Detail of Angel Wings, Central Panel. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 101. Andrea Mantegna. Detail, Angel's Wings , Camera degli Sposi. Mantua, Palazzo Ducale. Figure 102. Andrea Mantegna. Detail, Paola Gonzaga , Camera degli Sposi. Mantua, Palazzo Ducale. Figure 103. Domenico Morone. Detail of Angel. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 104. Domenico Morone. Detail of Saint Louis. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 105. Domenico Morone. Detail of San Bernardino. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 106. Domenico Morone. Detail of Saint Bonaventure. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 107. Domenico Morone. Detail, Cope of Saint Bonaventure. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 108. Domenico Morone. Detail of the Prophet David. New York. Metropolitan Museum of Art, Lehman Collection. Figure 109. Domenico Morone. Kneeling Apostle , drawing, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Fogg Art Museum. Figure 110. Domenico Morone. The Five Franciscan Martyrs. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 111. Cima da Conegliano. Detail of the Miglionico polyptych. Five Franciscan Protomartyrs. Matera. San Francesco. Figure 112. Domenico Morone. Saint Francis. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 113. Domenico Morone. Detail of the Stigmata of Saint Francis. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 114. Domenico Morone. Detail of the Stigmata of Saint Francis. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 115. Cristofo Caselli. Saint Louis of Toulouse, Saint Francis, the Blessed John Capistrano. Baltimore. Walters Art Gallery.

Figure 138. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Blessed Angelo de Rieti. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 139. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Ricardo da Mezzavilla. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 140. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Giovanni Minio da Murrovalle .Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 141. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Alexander of Hales. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 142. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Matteo d'Acquasparta. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 143. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Blessed Leo. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 144. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Blessed Miasma Marignani. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 145. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Guglielmo Farinier. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 146. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Giovanni Guarro. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 147. Domenico Morone and Assistants_. Fontanerius Vassal._ Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 148. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Giovanni Scoto. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 149. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Blessed Filippo Longo. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 150. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Blessed Damiano da Padova. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 151. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Tomaso Frignani. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 152. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Pietro Aureolo. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 153. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Gentile da Montefiore. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 154. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Giovanni da Ripatransone. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 155. Domenico Morone and Assistants. San Giacomo Della Marca. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 156. Domenico Morone and Assistants. San Giovanni da Capestrano.Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 157. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Bernardino de la Tour. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 158. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Francesco Mairone. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 159. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Pastore de Sarrate. Verona. Sagramoso Library.

Figure 160. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Pietro d'Aquila. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 161. Tomaso da Modena. Illustrious Dominicans. Treviso. Convent of Saint Nicolo. Figure 162. Fra Angelico. Dominican Notables. Florence. San Marco. Chapter Room. Figure 163. Benozzo Gozzoli. Illustrious Franciscans. Montefalco. San Francesco. Figure 164. Benozzo Gozzoli. Saint Francis preaching to the birds near Bevagna and offering benediction to Montefalco and his people. Montefalco. San Francesco. Figure 165. Benozzo Gozzoli. Death of Saint Francis. Montefalco. San Francesco. Figure 166. Benozzo Gozzoli. Madonna of humility between Saint Francis and San Bernardino. Vienna. Kunsthistorischen Museum. Figure 167. Alvise Vivarini. The Madonna and Child Enthroned with Six Saints. Venice. Accademia. Figure 168. Benozzo Gozzoli. Saint Francis and San Bernardino with the Virgin and Child. Montefalco. Portal of the Church of San Fortunato. Figure 169. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Soli Deo. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 170. Alberto Cavalli. Soli Deo. Verona. Piazza Erbe. Figure 171. Domenico Morone. Saint Onofrio. Verona. Castelvecchio Museum. Figure 172. Domenico Morone. Unidentified Prophet. Verona. Medici Chapel. Figure 173. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Giovanni Warre. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 174. Domenico Morone. Unidentified Tonsured Monk. Verona. Medici Chapel. Figure 175. Domenico Morone and Assistants. Praying Angel. Verona. Sagramoso Library. Figure 176. Domenico Morone. Child healed through the intercession of Saint Anthony of Padua. Verona. San Bernardino. Figure 177. Domenico Morone. Madonna and Child with Six Saints and Angels. New York. Formerly Hearst Collection. Figure 178. Domenico Morone. Detail. Madonna and Child with Six Saints and Angels. New York. Formerly Hearst Collection. Figure 179. Domenico Morone. Madonna and Child. Verona. Banco Popolare. Figure 180.Domenico Morone. Christ in the Sepulcher with Saints Bernardino. Francesco, Anthony and Chiara. Verona. Castelvecchio Museum. Figure 181. Domenico Morone. Reflectography of San Bernardino from the Christ in the Sepulcher with Saints Bernardino, Francesco, Anthony and Chiara. Verona. Castelvecchio Museum. Figure 182. Detail, San Bernardino. Verona. Sagramoso Library.

domenico morone and the decoration of the sagramosso chapel in the church of san bernardino, verona., Thesis of History of Art

Partial preview of the text

Download domenico morone and the decoration of the sagramosso chapel in the church of san bernardino, verona. and more Thesis History of Art in PDF only on Docsity!

DOMENICO MORONE AND THE DECORATION OF

THE SAGRAMOSO LIBRARY IN THE CHURCH OF

SAN BERNARDINO, VERONA

Gene Peter Veronesi

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements

For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy

Thesis Adviser: Dr. Edward J. Olszewski

Department of Art History

CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY

Acknowledgements

In every scholarly endeavor there are sources, which have made a significant

difference in the course and final outcome, of the work. This paper certainly has

been the product of many muses, a few academic, mostly personal.

First and foremost I must acknowledge my family in Verona who stimulated an

interest in my research, encouraged and tempted me with new suggestions and

possible works by the early Veronese artist Domenico Morone. In particular my

cousin Angela Vassanelli, a fresco restorer and her father and mother, Mario and

Mariucchia, took me to isolated chapels for comparisons and early Quattrocento

frescoes. Her restoration work in the Church of San Valentino in Bussolengo

revealed works by followers of Morone.

Next the staff at the Biblioteca Comunale, especially Dr. Conto, for guidance

with research questions. In this same breath, the staff of the Castelvecchio

museum was very important in the early goings of this study. Although I did not

utilize the facilities of the Biblioteca Accademia as much as I would have liked,

their facilities were marvelously quaint, a perfect setting for this endeavor.

The library staff at the Cleveland Museum of Art and Case Western Reserve

Library were very helpful in obtaining works which I found, thanks to the wonders

of the Internet. The staff at the Friedsam Library, and the Franciscan Institute at

St. Bonaventure University also provided me with much of the information on the

Franciscan order and its artistic representation.

I also would like to acknowledge the encouragement of Fr. Joachim A Giermek,

Minister General of the Conventual Order of the Franciscans. He was ordained a

priest while at San Bernardino and had many wonderful memories of the church

and the city.

Those scholars who encouraged me, directly and indirectly must include Dr.

Edward Olszewski. Tuscan in training and interest, who jumped into (or slipped

into) the murky waters of Fifteenth century Veneto and swam along with me for

the 10 years involved in this study. Dr. Jennifer Neils, Chair of the Art History

Department, a classically trained scholar, saw my research from a slightly different

vantage point and was of great encouragement during the process. Dr. Diana

DeGrazie, Curator of Western Art at the Cleveland Museum of Art, suggested

directions for primary sources, which proved to be rich and rewarding. Dr. Evelyn

Karet studies of Stefano da Verona were helpful and corresponding with her

throughout this process proved to be enlightening.

To the nameless friars of San Bernardino must go a wonderful debt of gratitude.

They offered their assistance whenever it was needed and the key to the massive

ILLUSTRATIONS

Domenico Morone and the Decoration of the

Sagramoso Library in the Church of

San Bernardino, Verona

Gene P. Veronesi

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the fresco cycle of the Franciscan Library of San

Bernardino, Verona. The program depicting sixty-two illustrious Franciscans is

unique in the history of Renaissance art in that it combined local tradition and

ecclesiastical orthodoxy with subtle iconographical statements to advance the

Observant Order of the Franciscans. It also links theological doctrines,

including the controversy over the Immaculate Conception, with secular

concerns, and provides one of the best-preserved pictorial cycles of the late

Quattrocento in a northern Italian city.

Chapter One focuses on the vicissitudes of art history as it relates to

Veronese culture, especially during the Quattrocento. Chapter Two is a survey

of the Franciscan presence in the Veneto and Verona and the increased

relationship between Franciscan charity and private donations in the city.

Included is a review of the artistic program in the Church of San Fermo,

isolating individual donors and their prominent positions as supporters of the

Order. The remainder of the chapter deals with the preaching of Saint

Bernardino of Siena in Verona, and the building of the church in memory of the

newly canonized saint.

Chapter Three is an overview of the involvement of the Franciscan Order in

the formation of monastic libraries, and places the Sagramoso Library in

historical context. Chapter Four deals with the decorations in the Sala di Morone,

which combines various theological positions of the Order, with an advocacy of

the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception.

Finally, the study examines the perplexing question of the authorship of the

fresco series. Domenico Morone has traditionally been credited by most sources

with the narrative series. However, a recent article by Luciano Bellosi casts