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These are the Past Exam of Biomedical Devices which includes Medical Devices, Applied Part, Maximum Current, Applied Parts, Condition, Fault Condition, Applied Part, Ensure Safety, Electrical Diagrams etc.Key important points are: Direct Method, Respect, Electrical Medical Devices, Effective Ground, Electrical Medical Devices, Reduce, Minimum Value, Enclosure Leakage Current, Body, Current
Typology: Exams
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(NFQ Level 6)
Answer Four Questions All questions carry equal marks
Examiners: Prof. P. McHugh Mr. M. Murphy Mr. G. Flynn Dr. K. Bryan
Q1. (a) Describe, with respect to electrical medical devices, what an “Effective ground” is. Give an example to explain your answer. What would happen if the “Effective ground” becomes defective? (5 marks) (b) What measures are used in the design of electrical medical devices to reduce the risk of electrical shock to the patient? If AC current is allowed to flow through the body what is the minimum value that will cause death? Use diagrams to explain “Enclosure leakage current”. What measures are taken to reduce this risk? (8 marks) (c) Use diagrams to explain the difference between “Patient leakage current” and “Earth leakage current”. Why is an “earth wire” used in electrical equipment? Explain your answer. What is the significance in a fuse rating? (12 marks)
Q2. (a) Draw a typical “ECG” waveform and identify. Explain why the waveform has this characteristic and what does the “P”, “QRS” and “T” represent. (8 marks) (b) What is meant by the term “silent” heart attack? How does it occur and how is it detected? (4 marks) (c) What are the four basic filters used in the design of ECG medical equipment and why would they be used? Use diagrams to explain your answer. (8 marks) (d) Explain using diagrams what are “Bipolar leads”? What leads can be derived from this arrangement? (5 marks)
Q3. (a) Draw a detailed block diagram of an “Invasive Pressure Module Block Diagram” Identify and explaining the function of each component. Start with “Input connector” and finish with the “Rack”. (15 marks) (b) Explain what is meant by “Hydrostatic Pressure” In measuring blood pressure why is it important? (5 marks) (c) What do the following terms ABP and CVP represent? When is the direct method of measuring Blood pressure used instead of the indirect method? (5 marks)
Q4. (a) Draw a block diagram of a typical RCL defibrillator identifying all component parts. Draw the expected waveform generated from this RCL defibrillator. What factors determine the shape of this waveform? How long is the pulse duration? (7 marks) (b) What is defibrillation? (3 marks) (c) With respect to Defibrillators, how is energy stored by the capacitor calculated? Describe what each term represents in the formulae. (5 marks) (d) How is the shock applied to the patient and where is it applied? Name two types of defibrillator electrodes used in defibrillation? Where would one be used over the other? What is an AED, how is it different from the conventional Defibrillator? (10 marks)