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Evidence-based practice - correct answer The practice of nursing in which interventions are based on data from research that demonstrates that they are appropriate and successful. Position - correct answer A group of tasks assigned to one individual Job - correct answer A group of positions similar in nature and level of skills that can be carried out by one or more individuals Occupation - correct answer A group of jobs similar in type of work that are usually found throughout industry or work environment Profession - correct answer A type of occupation that requires prolonged preparation and formal qualifications and meets certain higher level criteria that raise it to a level above that of an occupation Professional - correct answer A person who belongs to and practices a profession Professionalism - correct answer The demonstration of high-level personal, ethical, and skill characteristics of a member of a profession Traits that define a profession - correct answer -High intellectual level -High level of individual responsibility and accountability
-Specialized body of knowledge -Knowledge that can be learned in institutions of higher education -Public service and altruistic activities -Public service valued over financial gain -Relatively high degree of autonomy and independence of practice -Need for a well-organized and strong organization representing the members of the profession and controlling the quality of practice -A code of ethics that guides the members of the profession in their practice -Strong professional identity and commitment to the development of the profession -Demonstration of professional competency and possession of a legally recognized license High Intellectual Level - correct answer On a daily basis, nurses use assessment skills and knowledge, use the ability to reason, and make routine judgments based on clients' conditions High Level of Individual Responsibility and Accountability - correct answer Nurses are often the primary, and frequently the only defendants named when errors are made that result in injury to the client. The concept of accountability has legal, ethical, and professional implications that include accepting responsibility for actions taken to provide client care and for the consequences of actions that are not performed
Timeliness - correct answer determine when the site was last updated and how extensively the information was revised Presentation - correct answer you often tell a lot about a website by its presentation, if the graphics seem to be just decorative, it should raise a red flag about the content of the site, and if you do not have access to the program or article, move on to the next site Nurses' Code of Ethics - correct answer general statements and thus do not give specific answers to every possible ethical dilemma that might arise, offer guidance; written by Florence Nightingale Meta-Ethics - correct answer The abstract, overarching philosophical way of understanding ethics; "how we know what we know"; refined to how do we know what is right and wrong Normative Ethics - correct answer the use of the concepts and principles discovered by meta-ethics to guide decision-making about specific actions in determining what is right or wrong when interacting with other people; tends to be more prescriptive than meta-ethics and forms the basis for theories and system of ethics Applied Ethics - correct answer The application of the theories and systems of ethics developed by normative ethics to real-world situations; is broken down into specialized fields such as health-care
ethics, legal ethics, bioethics, or business ethics and is mostly used by nurses and other health-care providers Descriptive Ethics - correct answer A bottom-up approach to ethics that starts with what society is already doing ethically and developing ethical principles based on the observed actions of people rather than starting with ethical principles and applying them to society such as normative ethics does. Nurses having autonomy and independence of practice - correct answer No, despite efforts to expand nursing practice into more independent areas through updated nurse practice legislation, nursing retains much of its subservient image. Nurses in all health-care settings must work closely with physicians, hospital administrators, pharmacists, and other groups in the provision of care Professional Unity - correct answer There are approximately 2.7 million nurses in the United States. It is not difficult to imagine the power that the ANA could have to influence legislators and legislation if all of those nurses were members of the organization rather than the 250,000 who actually do belong, nurses need to belong to their national nursing organization. Healthcare of Ancient civilizations - correct answer Major concern was survival of the group since illness and injury threatened this survival; practices grew from processes of trial and error. Women tended to care
Lamp - correct answer the significance of light; had been used by human beings for thousands of years to push back the darkness of night. It dispelled fear and allowed people to pursue learning long after the sun went down. was used as a religious symbol; schools and universities adopted the lamp as a symbol of learning. Burning of the lamp meant continual seeking of knowledge. Also symbolizes the enlightenment that accompanies knowledge Pin - correct answer traces its origins to the heavy protective war shields as far back as the Greek and Roman Empires; attributed to Florence Nightingale. Awarded as a badge of excellence Cap - correct answer signified "service to others." Kept nurses long hair from becoming soiled. During nursing school, it showed a sign of rank and status. First year- plain white, Second-year- vertical black band added to the edge, third-year- two vertical black bands. When student graduates, a black band was placed across the front. Continued to service as a reminder of the unchanging values of wisdom, faith, honesty, trust, and dedication. Florence Nightingale - correct answer founder of modern nursing; dedicated her long life to improving health care nursing standards. reformed nursing education, and health care; advocated health maintenance and that nursing was an art and a science
Isabel Adams Hampton Robb - correct answer dedicated her life to raising nursing standards of nursing education in the US, unique ideas included developing and implementing a grading policy for nursing students that required nurses to prove their abilities in order to be award a diploma, developed the American Journal of Nursing, the first professional journal dedicated to the improvement of nursing. She headed the new John Hopkins Training school for Nurses and formed the American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools for Nurses and served as chairman. Lillian Wald - correct answer dedicated social reformer, efficient fundraiser and eloquent speaker. advocated wellness education; was the first to place nurses in public schools; Opened a storefront health clinic called the Henry Street Settlement in NY; became the first president of the National Organization for Public Health Nursing Loretta Ford - correct answer founded nurse practitioner practice; served as director at the Boulder County Health Department from 1956- 1958, and was appointed assistant professor at the University of Colorado College of Nursing in Denver. 2 years - correct answer Length of time for obtaining an associate's degree as a registered nurse 4 years - correct answer Length of time for obtaining a bachelor's degree in nursing
Relationship-centered nursing - correct answer client focused and revolves around the client's trust in, value of, and understanding of the nurse's skills and role in the healing process. Clients must be able to feel comfortable with their nurse and share his or her understanding of both illness and health. Registered - correct answer Listing of a license with a state for a fee Certification - correct answer Official recognition of a degree of education and skills in a profession by a national specialty organization; recognition that an institution has met standards that allow it to deliver certain services Licensure - correct answer Process by which an agency or government grants an individual permission to practice; establishes a minimal level of competency for practice The Nurse Practice Act - correct answer State legislation regulating the practice of nurses that protects the public, defines the scope of practice, and makes nurses accountable for their actions; also establishes state boards of nursing and define specific SBN powers regarding the practice of nursing within the state
Establishing a professional organization - correct answer By working together for a specific purpose, an association or organization amplifies its impact, and by developing a strategic plan, it focuses that impact to achieve certain results. Many professions have a single major professional organization to which most of its members belong and several specialized sub organizations that members may also join Reasons why the state board may revoke a nursing license - correct answer -Conviction for a serious crime -Demonstration of gross negligence or unethical conduct in the practice of nursing -Failure to renew a nursing license while still continuing to practice nursing -Use of illegal drugs or alcohol during the provision of care for clients or use that carries over and affects clients' care -Willful violation of the state's nurse practice act Goals behind establishing the licensure of nurses - correct answer To achieve consistency of quality across the country National League for Nurses - correct answer all nurses with individual certification are required to maintain their skills and competencies through continuing education units. Recertification may be achieved by completing CEUs or retaking the certification examination
Community Health Centers - correct answer using a team approach involving physicians, nurse practitioners, and community nurses working together to provide health services; has diagnostic and treatment facilities that provide medical, nursing, laboratory, and radiological services Physician Offices and General Clinics - correct answer accesses primary health care; services range from routine health screening to illness diagnosis and treatment and even some minor surgical procedures Responsibilities of nurses in physicians' offices or clinics - correct answer obtaining personal health information and histories of current illness and preparing the client for examination; also assist with procedures and obtain specimens for laboratory analysis Occupational health clinics - correct answer Services range from providing exercise facilities and fitness programs to health screenings and referrals Hospitals - correct answer offer a variety of services, such as medical, surgical, obstetric, pediatric, and psychiatric care Long-term Care Facilities - correct answer services are provided for both elderly and younger clients who have spinal cord injuries, rehabilitation, intermediate care, or long-term care
Retirement and Assisted Living Centers - correct answer allows clients, or residents, to maintain the greatest amount of independence possible in a partially controlled and supervised living environment; consists of separate apartments or condominiums for the residents and provides amenities such as meal preparation and laundry services Rehabilitation Centers - correct answer Provides services to complete the recovery and restore a high degree of independence Day-Care Centers - correct answer provides services for elderly adults who cannot be left at home alone but do not require institutionalization Rural Primary Care - correct answer have fewer family practice physicians and often no specialists at all Hospice - correct answer provides a variety of services in a caring and supportive environment to terminally ill clients, their families, and other support persons; central concept is not saving a life, but improving or maintaining the quality of life until death occurs Telehealth - correct answer services generally available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week; Nurses answer the phones, supply answers to health- related questions, and advise callers on how to handle non urgent health situations
Hospice Care - correct answer alternative way of providing care to the terminally ill clients; main goals are to control pain, provision of emotional support, promotion of social interaction, and preparation of death Palliative Care - correct answer Type of treatment directed toward minimizing the severity of a disease or illness rather than curing it; pain management Main Goal of the Affordable Care Act - correct answer to provide affordable health care to US citizens who, before its passage, were unable to pay for or obtain health insurance Type 1 Health Care Systems - correct answer private approaches to health services. individuals who can afford private health insurance, or who simply can pay for their health care, choose their care providers and receive health services. Those who cannot pay do not have a choice or benefits. Type 4 Health Care Systems - correct answer focuses on keeping the general public healthy so that they can continue to contribute to society and the economy. Seen in such organizations as the military, hockey teams, and other sports teams. Health care is considered an essential service or even a right, not necessarily involving compassionate motives
Primary Care - correct answer Refers to health promotion and preventive care; focuses on health education and on early detection and treatment Secondary Care - correct answer Focus shifts toward emergency and acute care; frequently provided in hospitals and other acute care settings, with an emphasis on diagnosis and the treatment of complex disorders Tertiary Care - correct answer emphasizes rehabilitative services, long- term care, and care of the dying Outpatient - correct answer clients who requires a relatively high level of skilled health care but do not need to stay in a hospital for an extended period of time Inpatient - correct answer someone who enters a setting as a hospital and remains for at least 24 hours Public Health Departments - correct answer Government Agencies that are established at the local, provincial or state, or federal levels to provide health services
care, and physical symptoms such as insomnia, hypertension, depression, and gastrointestinal upset. can either be covert or overt. Bullying - correct answer Any behavior that could reasonably be considered humiliating, intimidating, threatening, or demeaning to an individual or group of individuals Overt lateral violence - correct answer can include name calling, threatening body language, physical hazing, bickering, fault finding, negative criticism, intimidation, gossip, shouting, blaming, put-downs, raised eyebrows, rolling of the eyes, verbally abusive sarcasm, or physical acts Covert lateral violence - correct answer includes unfair assignments, marginalizing a person, refusing to help someone, ignoring someone, making faces behind someone's back, refusing to work with certain people, whining, sabotage, exclusion, and fabrication Process Approach - correct answer views all occupations as points of development into a profession situated along a continuum ranging from position to profession Power Approach - correct answer refers to the political power and how much money that person makes in that position
Trait Approach - correct answer Identified when defining a profession
