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The different dimensions of nursing, including the definitions of job, occupation, profession, and professionalism. It also covers the traits that define a profession, evidence-based practice, public service and altruistic activities, peer review, author credentials, and prejudice and bias. The document also talks about the symbols of nursing, certification, nurse practice acts, prospective payment systems, Medicare, and the influences of religion and science on nursing. It also explains the different types of health care systems, including primary care, secondary care, type 4 health care systems, hospice, home health, and long-term care.
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Position - correct answer A group of tasks assigned to one individual. Job - correct answer A group of positions similar in nature and level of skill that can be carried out by one or more individuals Occupation - correct answer A group of jobs similar in type of work that are usually found throughout an industry or work environment Profession - correct answer A type of occupation that requires prolonged preparation and formal qualifications and meets certain higher level criteria that raise it to a level above that of an occupation Professional - correct answer A person who belongs to and practices a profession (The term professional is probably the most misused of all these terms when describing people who are clearly involved in jobs or occupations, such as a "professional truck driver," "professional football player," or even "professional thief.")
Professionalism - correct answer The demonstration of high- level personal, ethical, and skill characteristics of a member of a profession Process approach - correct answer Views all occupations as points of development into a profession situated along a continuum ranging from position to profession. Power approach: - correct answer Uses two criteria to define a profession: 1) How much independence of practice does this occupation have? And 2) How much power does this occupation control? Using this determinant, law and politics would clearly be considered professions Identify the traits that define a profession - correct answer Approach, Power, and Trait Trait approach - correct answer 3 theorists (Abraham Flexner, Elizabeth Bixler, and Eliza Pabalko). They determined these characteristics to be important: ▪ High intellectual level ▪ High level of individual responsibility and accountability
relatively simple nursing tasks, such as taking a client's temperature or blood pressure using automated equipment. High Level of Individual Responsibility and Accountability: - correct answer Nurses are often the primary, and frequently the only, defendants named when errors are made that result in injury to the client. Nurses must be accountable and demonstrate a high level of individual responsibility for the care and services they provide Review how nursing compares with other professions - correct answer o High Intellectual Level o High Level of Individual Responsibility and Accountability o Specialized Body of Knowledge: o Evidence-Based Practice: o Public Service and Altruistic Activities: Specialized Body of Knowledge: - correct answer As the body of specialized nursing knowledge continues to grow, it forms a theoretical basis for the best practices movement in nursing today. As more nurses obtain advanced degrees, conduct research, and develop philosophies and theories about
nursing, this body of knowledge will increase in scope and quantity Evidence-Based Practice: - correct answer In professional nursing today, there is an increasing emphasis on evidence- based practice. Almost all of the currently used nursing theories address this issue in some way Public Service and Altruistic Activities: - correct answer The public service function of nursing has always been recognized and acknowledged by society's willingness to continue to educate nurses in public, tax-supported institutions and in private schools. In addition, nursing has been viewed universally as an altruistic profession composed of selfless individuals who place the lives and well-being of their clients above their personal safety. Peer Review: - correct answer When considering a Web source, look for a clear statement of the source of the information and how that information is reviewed. If the information is from an established source, such as a recognized professional journal, it has been peer reviewed and has a higher degree of accuracy.
possible. See if contact information is provided by the author and who the sponsor or publisher of the document is. If these are not provided, be suspicious about the information. Timeliness: - correct answer See if you can determine when the site was last updated and how extensively the information was revised. It is also a good practice to look to other sources (e.g., Web, journals, books) to compare the material for currentness. Presentation: - correct answer Some websites look well developed and professional, and others look very amateurish. There is no guarantee that the slick-looking websites are better, but it is one factor to consider in the overall evaluation of the information you are seeking. The symbols of nursing - correct answer Lamp, Pin, and Cap Lamp: - correct answer Was first introduced as a symbol for the nursing profession at the time of Florence Nightingale. As Nightingale and her nurses made their night rounds, caring for the wounded in unlit wards, they carried oil lamps to light the way.
Florence Nightingale: - correct answer Universally regarded as the founder of modern nursing. Dedicated her long life to improving health care and nursing standards. Isabel Adams Hampton Robb: - correct answer Focused on the academic rather than the clinical side of nursing and believed that nurses needed a solid theoretical education, a belief that was not well accepted by the medical community at the time. Cap: - correct answer Signified nurse's devotion to service to others. The traditional garb of nuns, the long-robed habit with the wimple or veil, can be considered the first official nurse's uniform. Pin: - correct answer After receiving the medal of the Red Cross of St. George from Queen Victoria for her selfless service to the injured and dying in the Crimean War, Nightingale chose to extend the honor she had received to her most outstanding graduate nurses by awarding each of them a "badge of excellence.
Certification: - correct answer Official recognition of a degree of education and skills in a profession by a national specialty organization; recognition that an institution has met standards that allow it to deliver certain services. Individual certification: - correct answer The most common type of certification. When a nurse has demonstrated that he or she has attained a certain level of ability above and beyond the basic level required for licensure in a defined area of practice, that nurse can become certified. Organizational certification: - correct answer Certification of a group or health-care institution by some external agency. It is usually referred to as accreditation and indicates that the institution has met standards established either by the government or by a nongovernmental agency. Nurse Practice Act.: - correct answer State legislation regulating the practice of nurses that protects the public, defines the scope of practice, and makes nurses accountable for their actions.
Prospective Payment Systems (PPS): - correct answer This system required facilities providing services to Medicare clients to be reimbursed using a fixed-rate system and included monetary incentives to reduce the length of hospital stays. Functions of nurse practice acts include: - correct answer o Defining nursing and the scope of practice. o Ruling on who can use the titles of registered nurse (RN) and licensed practical nurse/licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN). o Setting up an application procedure for licensure in the state. o Determining fees for licensure. o Establishing requirements for renewal of licensure. o Determining responsibility for any regulations governing expanded practice for nurses in that particular state. Medicare: - correct answer A federally funded national health insurance program in the United States for people older than 65 years old
emphasis on diagnosis and the treatment of complex disorders. Tertiary Level - correct answer Emphasizes rehabilitative services, long-term care and care of the dying. Nursing services are essential in all 3 levels of health care, in both hospitals and community settings. Medicare: Part A: - correct answer Provides basic protection for medical, surgical and psychiatric care costs based on diagnosis-related groups(DRGs) Medicare: Part B: - correct answer Is a voluntary medical insurance plan that covers physicians and certain outpatient services. Medicare: Part D: - correct answer Is an unfunded insurance for medications. Palliative Care - correct answer Care for terminally ill the provides pain relief and comfort measure but does not
prolong life. Dr. Walsh in lecture said it could be somewhere where the ill go to die Hospice Care - correct answer Provides a variety of services in a caring and supportive environment to terminally ill clients, their families, and other support persons. The central concept of hospice is not saving life, but improving or maintaining the quality of life until death occurs. Affordable Care Act (aka Obamacare) - correct answer The main goal is to provide affordable health care to US citizens who, before its passage, were unable to afford to pay for or obtain health insurance. Type 1 Health Care Systems - correct answer Private approaches to health services predominate. Physicians and other caregivers(midwives), and clients have maximum autonomy. In this, individuals who can afford private health insurance, or who can pay for their health care, choose their care providers and receive health services. Those who can't pay don't have choice or benefit.
Hospital - correct answer The traditional provider of health- care services, are still an essential part of the health-care system and still provide the majority of nurses with employment. Hospitals range in size from small, rural facilities with as few as 15 to 20 beds to large urban centers that may exceed a bed capacity of several thousand. Rural Care - correct answer Often have fewer family practice physicians and often no specialists at all. Clinics - correct answer Obtaining personal health information and histories of current illness and preparing the client for examination. Nurses also assist with procedures and obtain specimens for laboratory analysis. Occupational Health - correct answer to increase productivity has long been recognized as an important role for nurses. In response to rising health insurance costs, today's employers are increasingly supportive of workplace health promotion, illness prevention, and safety programs.
Occupational Health Nurses Responsibility - correct answer Nurses who are certified in occupational health nursing must meet eligibility requirements, pass a written examination, and be recognized as having achieved a level of competency in occupational health. Telehealth - correct answer Services are generally available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Nurses answer the phones, supply answers to health-related questions, and advise callers on how to handle nonurgent health situations. Civility - correct answer Based on recognizing that all human beings are important. A simple definition of civility is for people to treat others as they would wish to be treated (the Golden Rule). Incivility - correct answer The lack of civility, or unacceptable behaviors in a civilized society. Bullying - correct answer any behavior that could reasonably be considered humiliating, intimidating, threatening, or demeaning to an individual or group of individuals.