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2.1 Elements of visual perception 2.2 Light and the electromagnetic spectrum 2.3 Image sensing and acquisition 2.4 Image sampling and quantization 2.5 Some basic relationships between pixels 2.6 Linear and Nonlinear Operations
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© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
,
( )
≈20mm
Conjunctiva Pupil
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
6-7millions sensitive to Color Photopic or Bright-light vision
75-150millions Scotopic or Dim-light vision
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
14mm ~ 17mm
2.55mm
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
milliLambert:
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Scotopic Photopic
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
h = 6. 626068 × 10 −^34 Js 1 eV = 1. 6 × 10 −^19 J
2.2 Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum 2.2 Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
2.2 Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum 2.2 Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
430um~790nm Illuminant ( ) reflected light from objects ( ) Achromatic or Monochromatic (Gray Level) Chromatic - Color Light Source Radiance ( ) - measured in Watts Luminance ( ) - measured in lumens Brightness ( ) - subjective descriptor
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition 2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition
2.3.12.3.1 Image acquisition using a single sensorImage acquisition using a single sensor
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition 2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition
^ 2.3.22.3.2 Image acquisition using sensor stripsImage acquisition using sensor strips
Scanning Direction
CAT MRI PET
Flatbed Scanner
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition 2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition
2.3.32.3.3 Image acquisition using sensor arraysImage acquisition using sensor arrays
IrisLens Digital Camera
SunLamp Flash
CCDCMOS
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition 2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
i = 90000 lm/m^2 i = 10000 lm/m^2 i = 0.1 lm/m^2 i = 1000 lm/m^2
r = 0. r = 0. r = 0. r = 0. r = 0.
2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition 2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
l = 0 is black l = L - 1 is white All intermediate values are shades of gray
l = f ( x 0 , y 0 ) (2.3-5)
2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition 2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
2.4 Image sampling and quantization 2.4 Image sampling and quantization
2.4.1 Basic concepts in sampling and quantization2.4.1 Basic concepts in sampling and quantization
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
2.4 Image sampling and quantization 2.4 Image sampling and quantization
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
2.4 Image sampling and quantization 2.4 Image sampling and quantization
2.4.3 Spatial and Gray-Level Resolution2.4.3 Spatial and Gray-Level Resolution
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com
2.4 Image sampling and quantization 2.4 Image sampling and quantization
© 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
2.4 Image sampling and quantization 2.4 Image sampling and quantization
Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. (^) www.imageprocessingbook.com 2.4 Image sampling and quantization 2.4 Image sampling and quantization