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The digestion of proteins begins in the stomach which secrets gastric juice. • A unique solution containing 2 components important for protein digestion: ▫ ...
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The source of proteolytic enzymes responsible for degrading dietary proteins: 1 - The stomach 2 - The pancreas 3 - The small intestine Protein Digestion Dietary proteins constitute : 70 - 100 g/day. Proteins are generally too large to be absorbed by the intestine. They must therefore be hydrolyzed to their constituent amino acids which can be absorbed. 1 - Digestion of proteins in Stomach:
Digestion of proteins in Small intestine: A. digestion by pancreatic enzymes. The pancreatic secretion contains a group of pancreatic proteases. Each of these enzymes has different specificity for the cleavage sites. Pancreatic enzymes are very specific. For instance, trypsin will cut only if there is arginine or lysine. These proteases are synthesized and secreted as inactive zymogens. In this step the polypeptide is broken into oligopeptides + amino acids by specific enzymes. Digestion of proteins in Small intestine: B. digestion by intestinal aminopeptidase. What is Aminopeptidase? an exopeptidase on the luminal surface of the intestine. Function \ role: cleaves Oligopeptides that result from the action of pancreatic proteases into free amino acids and smaller peptides (di and tri-peptides).
Cystinuria one of the most common genetic error of amino acid transport.
Dietary cellulose cannot be digested due to the absence of enzyme that can cleave (1-4) bonds. It passes through the GIT largely intact. Despite that, it has several beneficial effects.
Bacterial fermentation by E. coli of the undigested compounds in the large intestine