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Gastrointestinal Tract: Digestion, Absorption, and Transport - Prof. Terezie Mosby, Exams of Nutrition

University of Memphis (U of M)Nutrition
Prof. Terezie Mosby

A test focusing on the anatomy and functions of the gastrointestinal tract, including the digestion process, various taste sensations, and the roles of different organs and substances. It includes multiple choice questions covering topics such as the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract, the beginning of digestion, taste sensations, and the functions of various organs and substances.

Typology: Exams

2011/2012

Uploaded on 04/03/2012

elizabethcortez15
elizabethcortez15 🇺🇸

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TEST 1
Chapter 3 – Digestion, Absorption, and Transport
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following describes the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract?
a. A vat-like vessel
b. A rigid, solid tunnel
c. A flexible muscular tube
d. A firm, duct-like channel
2. In what organ does the digestion process begin?
a. Mouth
b. Stomach
c. Duodenum
d. Jejunum-ileum
3. The flavor sensation of monosodium glutamate is known as
a. tofu.
b. spicy.
c. soupy.
d. umami.
4. Which of the following is not considered one of the basic taste sensations?
a. Hot
b. Sour
c. Salty
d. Bitter
5. The food flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate is believed to promote a unique taste sensation known as
a. sushi.
b. umami.
c. chymos.
d. sashimi.
6. What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?
a. Secretes acid into the stomach
b. Secretes hormones into the stomach
c. Prevents the contents of the small intestine
from backing up into the stomach
d. Prevents the contents of the small intestine
from emptying too quickly into the colon
7. Into what region of the intestinal tract does the stomach empty?
a. Ileum
b. Cecum
c. Jejunum
d. Duodenum
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TEST 1

Chapter 3 – Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

Multiple Choice

  1. Which of the following describes the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract? a. A vat-like vessel b. A rigid, solid tunnel c. A flexible muscular tube d. A firm, duct-like channel
  2. In what organ does the digestion process begin? a. Mouth b. Stomach c. Duodenum d. Jejunum-ileum
  3. The flavor sensation of monosodium glutamate is known as a. tofu. b. spicy. c. soupy. d. umami.
  4. Which of the following is not considered one of the basic taste sensations? a. Hot b. Sour c. Salty d. Bitter
  5. The food flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate is believed to promote a unique taste sensation known as a. sushi. b. umami. c. chymos. d. sashimi.
  6. What is one function of the pyloric sphincter? a. Secretes acid into the stomach b. Secretes hormones into the stomach c. Prevents the contents of the small intestine from backing up into the stomach d. Prevents the contents of the small intestine from emptying too quickly into the colon
  7. Into what region of the intestinal tract does the stomach empty? a. Ileum b. Cecum c. Jejunum d. Duodenum
  1. After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract? a. Jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum, rectum b. Jejunum, ileum, duodenum, rectum, colon c. Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon d. Stomach, jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum
  2. Which of the following is a description of chyme? a. The semisolid mass of undigested food which passes through the ileocecal valve b. A semiliquid mass of partially digested food released by the stomach into the small intestine c. The mixture of pancreatic juices containing enzymes for digestion of the macronutrients d. A thick, viscous material synthesized by mucosal cells for protection against digestive juices
  3. What is the primary function of the rectum? a. Controls functioning of the colon b. Absorbs minerals from waste materials c. Stores waste materials prior to evacuation d. Absorbs excess water from waste materials
  4. What is the name given to partially digested food in the stomach? a. Chyme b. Liquid food c. Gastric mucus d. Semiliquid mass
  5. Which of the following is a feature of peristalsis? a. It remains quiet between meals when the GI tract is empty b. It occurs along the GI tract at a constant rate when food is present c. It involves parallel and circular muscles found in the walls of the intestines but not the stomach d. It consists of wavelike muscular contractions resulting from alternate tightening and relaxing of circular muscles and longitudinal muscles
  6. What is meant by the term “motility” in reference to the GI tract? a. The efficiency of lymph transport b. The ability of the GI tract muscles to move c. The speed of gastric digestive juice release d. The speed of pancreatic digestive juice release

a. Colon b. Ileum c. Stomach d. Duodenum

  1. After the pancreatic juices have mixed with chyme in the small intestine, which of the following describes the pH of the resulting mixture? a. Very acidic b. Moderately acidic c. Strongly alkaline d. Approximately neutral
  2. Which of the following would not be acted upon by pancreatic juice secreted into the intestinal tract? a. Fats b. Fiber c. Proteins d. Carbohydrates
  3. Which of the following is not a component of pancreatic juice? a. Bile b. Water c. Lipase d. Sodium bicarbonate
  4. What is one function of the gallbladder? a. Stores bile b. Produces bile c. Reabsorbs water and salts d. Performs enzymatic digestion
  5. Which of the following is not a typical component of stools? a. Water b. Fiber c. Starch d. Bacteria
  6. Which of the following classes of nutrients requires the least amount of digestion? a. Lipids b. Proteins c. Vitamins d. Carbohydrates
  7. What is the function of bile? a. Emulsifies fats b. Initiates digestion of protein c. Enhances absorption of complex carbohydrates d. Protects the stomach and small intestine from the action of hydrochloric acid
  8. The process by which bile acts on fat so enzymes can attack the fat is known as a. condensation.

b. emulsification. c. enzymification. d. phosphorylation.

  1. What is the name of the projections on the inner surface of the small intestine? a. Villi b. Cilia c. Mesenteric vessels d. Vascular projectiles
  2. Which of the following is a function of the intestinal microvilli? a. Secretion of bile salts b. Secretion of digestive acid c. Transport of nutrient molecules d. Transport of pancreatic enzymes
  3. What is the primary site for absorption of nutrients? a. Crypt b. Villus c. Microvillus d. Macrovillus
  4. Which of the following are found on the microvilli and function to break apart small nutrients into the final products of digestion? a. Mucus b. Micelles c. Enzymes d. Hormones
  5. In the healthy state, the lining of the small intestine has millions of villi, but in certain diseases the intestine appears “shaved” when viewed under a microscope. Which of the following would be the most likely consequence of not having these villi? a. Constipation will be frequent b. Nutrient absorption will be poor c. Intolerance to seafood will develop d. The villi of the large intestine will enlarge and perform the major functions of the small intestine
  6. When nutrients are transported from intestinal epithelial cells to the vascular system, what organ is first to receive them? a. Liver b. Heart c. Lungs d. Kidneys
  7. The hepatic portal vein empties into the a. liver. b. heart. c. pancreas. d. hepatic vein.
  1. Which of the following is a common cause of constipation? a. High-fat diet b. High-carbohydrate diet c. Lack of physical activity d. Excessive mineral oil intake
  2. All of the following dietary measures are known to help relieve constipation except a. eating fiber. b. eating prunes. c. eating less fat. d. drinking more water.
  3. All of the following are common causes of heartburn except a. eating too slowly. b. drinking too much. c. wearing tight clothes. d. bending over after a meal.
  4. People who have frequent regular bouts of heartburn and indigestion have a medical condition known as a. colitis. b. watery stools. c. lymphatic malabsorption. d. gastroesophageal reflux.
  5. The organism H. pylori has been identified as one of the major causes of a. hiccups. b. hemorrhoids. c. diverticulosis. d. gastric ulcers.