Dielectric
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Role of Dielectrics in Electric Fields and Capacitance, Slides of Physics
The concept of dielectrics, materials that affect electric fields by either conducting or becoming polarized. Insulators, as dielectric materials, decrease the electric field for a charge and have higher permittivity than the vacuum. Examples of dielectric constants for various materials and explains how they impact electric fields and capacitance. It also includes problem-solving examples and discussions on capacitor types.
Typology: Slides
2012/2013
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Dielectric
Fields in Material
Materials affect the electricfield.
•^
Conductors block it
-^
Insulators become polarized
Polarized insulators decreasethe field for the charge on theplates.
k^0
k^ ins
A
Q
k
E^
ins
Field Check
A point charge of 10 mC issurrounded by water with adielectric constant of 80. Findthe electric field at a distanceof 20 cm.
The formula for a point sourcecharge is
Using the values in theproblem
E
= 28 kN/C.
•^
Factor of 80 times smallerthan in vacuum
2 0
2
r
Q K
r
Q
E
Capacitor Strength
A dielectric reduces the fieldfor a give charge.
A dielectric also increases thecharge for a given field.
The field is determined by thevoltage and gap.
Dielectrics increasecapacitance.
d
AK
A d
C
^0
^
Capacitor Types
Shown below are capacitors
•^
Multilayer ceramic
-^
Ceramic disk
-^
Multilayer polyester
-^
Tubular ceramic
-^
Polystyrene
-^
Metalized polyester
-^
Aluminum electrolytic
Capacitors generally usedielectrics to increase thecapacitance.
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