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DHY 101 FINAL ACTUAL RETAKE ASSESSMENT EXAM
2025 200+ STRUCTURED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
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Who is the father of dental hygiene? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Alfred C. Fones Who was the first dental hygienist to receive a license? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Irene Newman How long should disinfectants sit before it becomes its most effective? **- CORRECT ANSWER
** 10 mins Which of the following states has preceptorship? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Alabama Which state started independent practice? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> CO Which decade did the first liability insurance become available? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The 60s Children can use adult medical histories. Thumb sucking is harmful to a child's oral health. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> False, True First liability insurance offered? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 1963 Accepted men into the profession? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 1964 - 1970
State with self-regulation? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> New Mexico (Test question), AZ, CA, CT, DE, FL, IA, ME, MD, MI, MT, MO, NV, NH, OK, OR, TX, WA The act of self-determination by persons with the ability to make a choice or decision. Exists for both the patient and the dental hygienist - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Autonomy Avoidance of harm to others - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Nonmaleficence A duty to tell the truth when information is disclosed to patients about treatment. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Veracity Four issues in dental hygiene: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Scope of practice Regulatory issues Self-regulation Preceptorship IFDH (International Federation of Dental Hygienists) 1986 - Norway - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Founding Countries - Canada, Japan, Norway, Netherlands, Sweden, UK, USA Standard of Care Standard precautions represent a STANDARD OF CARE that protects practitioners and their patients from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluid, excretion, or secretion. Apply to contact with: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Blood, all body fluids, secretions, and excretions (except sweat) Nonintact skin, mucous membranes
Hep B - viral infection - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Blood and other body fluids (semen, vaginal fluids, tears, urine, etc) Most common blood-borne infection and the most common indication for liver transplant? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Hep C Can't have Hep D without ______? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Hep B
- contaminated water (!)
- fecal/oral route 3)fecally contaminated water after heavy rains - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Hep E Herpes viruses - viral latency? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Travel along Nerve Ganglia HSV- 1 trigeminal nerve Varicella Zoster <--> Shingles - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Recurrent infection - remains latent Mononucleosis comes from? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> EBV - Epstein Barr Virus Also associated with EBV? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 1) Hairy Leukoplakia
- Associate with HIV infection
- lateral borders of the tongue Cytomegalovirus - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Congenital and neonatal
Herpes Virus Types - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Herpes Type 1 - (Labialis - cold sore, fever blister) Herpes Simplex 2 - (genital herpes) Herpetic Whitlow - fingers Occular Herpes - around the eyes Prodromal period is also known as? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> FOREWARNING PERIOD Involved in Herpes Labialis - infectious lesions with viral shedding **- CORRECT ANSWER
** Prodromal Period Significant risk for oral cancer - CORRECT ANSWER >>> HPV HIV-1 Infection Lab Categories: - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Category 1: 500 CD4+ Category 2: 200-499 CD4+ Category 3: <200 CD4+ lymphocytes/mm PPE ORDER - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Mask first, eyewear second, gloves third! Moist Heat 15 - 30 mins - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Autoclave
Disinfectant
Radiographic biteblock, ultrasonic handpiece, amalgam condenser, mirror are considered what type of surface? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Semicritical Surface Light handles, certain x-ray machine parts, safety eyewear **- CORRECT ANSWER
** Noncritical Surface Countertops, equipment surfaces, housekeeping surfaces **- CORRECT ANSWER ** Environmental Agency that protects the public - CORRECT ANSWER >>> CDCP Agency that protects the workforce - CORRECT ANSWER >>> OSHA Infectious waste - CORRECT ANSWER >>> capable of causing an infectious disease Contaminated waste - CORRECT ANSWER >>> items that have contacted blood or other body secretions Hazardous waste - CORRECT ANSWER >>> poses a risk to humans or the environment Toxic waste - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Capable of having a poisonous effect Regulated waste - CORRECT ANSWER >>> liquid blood or saliva, sharps contaminated with blood or saliva, and nonsharp solid waste saturated with or caked with liquid or semisolid blood or saliva or tissue including teeth (OSHA) ASA 1 - CORRECT ANSWER >>> normal - no anxiety about dental treatment
ASA 2 - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Mild disease, anxious, pregnancy (well-controlled diabetes, asthma, epilepsy) ASA 3 - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Severe systemic disease (angina, stroke, heart attack, congestive heart failure) ASA 4 - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Severe systemic disease that is a constant life threat (heart attack or stroke within last 6 months) Body Temperature - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Adult - Normal 98.6 (96.8-99.1F) Child - Normal 98.0-99.1F Thermometer that is not safe - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Mercury in Glass Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The force exerted on the blood vessel walls. Systolic (<120mm/Hg) - caused by ventricular contraction Diastolic (<80mm/Hg) - ventricular relaxation Pulse Pressure (40mm/Hg) - difference between the two BP for the BCC Clinic - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 140/90 Borderline Hypertension Blood Pressure Cuff - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 1 in above antecubital fossa Korotoff Sounds - CORRECT ANSWER >>> the sounds heard during the determination of blood pressure; sounds originating within the blood passing through the vessel
Syncope - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Most common medical emergency in dentistry - "pale raise the tail" - Trendelenburg position What is the appropriate "working distance" from the clinicians eyes to the patients oral cavity? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 15 - 22in Aphtha - CORRECT ANSWER >>> a little white or reddish ulcer Idiopathic - CORRECT ANSWER >>> unknown etiology Indurated - CORRECT ANSWER >>> hardened; abnormally hard What is it called when a lesion is attached by a thin stalk **- CORRECT ANSWER
** Pedunculated What are the hemorrhagic pinpoint spots in the oral cavity **- CORRECT ANSWER ** Petecchiae Punctate - CORRECT ANSWER >>> marked with points or punctures differentiated from the surrounding surface by color, elevation, or texture. Purulent - CORRECT ANSWER >>> containing, forming, or discharging pus What is a term for a wart-like growth? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> verruca
Discrete configuration - CORRECT ANSWER >>> separate lesions Confluent configuration - CORRECT ANSWER >>> merged lesions Linear configuration - CORRECT ANSWER >>> lesions form a line Flat Lesions - CORRECT ANSWER >>> detect through color change from the surrounding skin Types of Flat Lesions - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Macule - small, flat discolored spot Patch - larger, flat discolored area Elevated Lesions - CORRECT ANSWER >>> surface of lesion is raised above the normal level of skin/oral mucosa Types of Elevated Lesions - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Papule - solid, raised lesion <1cm Plaque - superficial raised lesion Nodule - raised, marble-like lesion Wheal - raised, irregular area of edema Fluid-Filled Lesions - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An elevated lesion filled with clear fluid or pus Types of Fluid-Filled Lesions - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Vesicle - A small blister filled with clear fluid Bulla - A large blister Pustule - A pus-filled lesion
Wharton's duct (SUBMANDIBULAR) Bartholin's duct (SUBLINGUAL) Ducts of Ravinus (SUBLINGUAL) Parotid duct - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Also known as Stensen's duct Dorsum Tongue Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER >>> - Papillae
- Filiform, Fungiform, circumvallate, foliate Ventral Tongue Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER >>> - Plica fimbriata
- Lingual vein/varicosities Oral Cancer Laboratory Results - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Class I - normal Class II - atypical but not suggestive of malignant cells Class III - uncertian (possible cancer) Class IV - probable for cancer (TEST QUESTION) Class V - positive for cancer Common Oral Cancer locations - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 1st - found on the tongue (lateral borders) 2nd - gingiva 3rd - tonsils T or F The front surface of the mirror eliminates ghosting - CORRECT ANSWER >>> True
Torus - CORRECT ANSWER >>> (torus palatinus) - bony elevation or prominence usually located on the midline of the hard palate (torus mandibularis) - the lingual surface of the mandible in the premolar area What technique is used for hand stabilization during examination? **- CORRECT ANSWER
** Fulcrum Sun Exposure and Oral Cancer - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Basal Cells - 60% of skin cancers Squamous cells - 20% of skin cancers Melanoma - more than 60% of skin cancer deaths You take your pulse on the radial or ulna side of the wrist - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Radial (using your index finger and middle NEVER THE THUMB) Carpal Tunnel affects which nerve - CORRECT ANSWER >>> median nerve Translumination - CORRECT ANSWER >>> with the mirror used for anterior teeth only Fissure - CORRECT ANSWER >>> linear crac in top 2 layers of skin for ex) cracked commisures A papule is what type of lesion? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Elevated
A nodule is what type of lesion - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Elevated A vesicle is what type of lesion? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Elevated
Carious lesions in infants are caused by? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Nursing at night and juice in bottles Bacteremia - CORRECT ANSWER >>> presence of microorganisms in the blood-stream. Antibiotic premedication - CORRECT ANSWER >>> provision of an effective antibiotic before invasive clinical procedures that can create a transient bacteremia, which, in turn, can cause infective endocarditis or other serious infection. Premedication - CORRECT ANSWER >>> preliminary medication; may be for the purpose of allaying apprehension, preventing bacteremia, or otherwise facilitating the clinical procedure Another word for "inhaler" (for asthmatic patients) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> bronchodilator Another word for "blood pressure cuff" (when taking vitals) **- CORRECT ANSWER
** Sphygmomanometer What is Pyrexia? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> an abnormal elevation of the body temperature above 98.6F , FEVER
Auscultation - CORRECT ANSWER >>> listening for sounds produced within the body; maybe performed directly or with a stethoscope. Define Edema - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Swelling and inflammation Define Erythemic - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Redness of the skin
Crepitation - CORRECT ANSWER >>> dry crackling sound, such as that produced by the grating of the ends of a fractured bone. ( Heard through TMJ examination) Urticaria - CORRECT ANSWER >>> vascular reaction of the skin with transient appearance of slightly elevated patches (wheals) that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin; may be accompanied by severe itching; also called hives Microulceration - CORRECT ANSWER >>> puncturing the junctional epithelium of the sulcus??? What bacteria causes biofilm - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Streptococcus mutants and lactobacillus Most frequent sites for supragingival calculus? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Buccal surface of the maxillary molars Average time it takes for calculus mineralization - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 12 days. Yet begins at 24-48 hours. Carries Classifications - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Class I : Occlusal posterior surfaces Class II: Interproximal on posterior surfaces Class III: Interproximal on anterior surfaces Class IV: Facial/Lingual anterior surfaces Class V: Cervial 3rd of all teeth (TEST QUESTION) Class VI: On incisal edges of cusp tips of anterior teeth
During what days of biofilm formation are there vibrious, spirochetes, white blood cells increase; there are more gram negative bacteria, signs of inflammation. **- CORRECT ANSWER
** Day 7- 14 During what days of biofilm formation are there vibrios, spirochetes and gingivitis is evident. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Day 14- 21 List 5 popular sickle scalers - CORRECT ANSWER >>> H5/ 204SD SH 6/ SJ 30/ SJ 34/ List 4 popular universal curettes - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Barnhart 5/ Columbia SC 13/ SBH 1/ SM 17/ SC 2R/2L Other terms used to describe supragingival calculus - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Supramarginal Extragingival ** puncturing the junctional epithelium of the sulcus??? What bacteria causes biofilm - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Streptococcus mutants and lactobacillus Most frequent sites for supragingival calculus? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Buccal surface of the maxillary molars Average time it takes for calculus mineralization - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 12 days. Yet begins at 24-48 hours. Carries Classifications - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Class I : Occlusal posterior surfaces Class II: Interproximal on posterior surfaces Class III: Interproximal on anterior surfaces Class IV: Facial/Lingual anterior surfaces Class V: Cervial 3rd of all teeth (TEST QUESTION) Class VI: On incisal edges of cusp tips of anterior teeth During what days of biofilm formation are there vibrious, spirochetes, white blood cells increase; there are more gram negative bacteria, signs of inflammation. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Day 7- 14 During what days of biofilm formation are there vibrios, spirochetes and gingivitis is evident. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Day 14- 21 List 5 popular sickle scalers - CORRECT ANSWER >>> H5/ 204SD SH 6/ SJ 30/ SJ 34/ List 4 popular universal curettes - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Barnhart 5/ Columbia SC 13/ SBH 1/ SM 17/ SC 2R/2L Other terms used to describe supragingival calculus - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Supramarginal Extragingival Coronal Salivary What are pellicles made up of? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Glycoproteins from saliva that are ** Streptococcus mutants and lactobacillus Most frequent sites for supragingival calculus? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Buccal surface of the maxillary molars Average time it takes for calculus mineralization - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 12 days. Yet begins at 24-48 hours. Carries Classifications - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Class I : Occlusal posterior surfaces Class II: Interproximal on posterior surfaces Class III: Interproximal on anterior surfaces Class IV: Facial/Lingual anterior surfaces Class V: Cervial 3rd of all teeth (TEST QUESTION) Class VI: On incisal edges of cusp tips of anterior teeth During what days of biofilm formation are there vibrious, spirochetes, white blood cells increase; there are more gram negative bacteria, signs of inflammation. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Day 7- 14 During what days of biofilm formation are there vibrios, spirochetes and gingivitis is evident. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Day 14- 21 List 5 popular sickle scalers - CORRECT ANSWER >>> H5/ 204SD SH 6/ SJ 30/ SJ 34/ List 4 popular universal curettes - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Barnhart 5/ Columbia SC 13/ SBH 1/ SM 17/ SC 2R/2L Other terms used to describe supragingival calculus - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Supramarginal Extragingival Coronal Salivary What are pellicles made up of? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Glycoproteins from saliva that are selectively absorbed by the hydroxyapatite of tooth surface.
Other names used to describe subgingival calculus. - CORRECT ANSWER >>> submarginal serumal List 4 significances of pellicles - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Protective Lubrication Nidus for bacteria Attachment of calculus After how long of undisturbed biofilm does gingivitis occur? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 2 - 3 weeks What are the 3 steps of biofilm formation? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 1) Pellicle formation
- Bacterial colonization
- Biofilm maturation What is the relationship of the face to the lower shank for the sickle scaler? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 90 degrees What is the relationship of the face to the lower shank for the universal curet? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 90 degrees What angulation should each instrument be working in - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 45 - 90 degrees test question What is the relationship of the face to the lower shank of the area-specific curet? - CORRECT ANSWER >>> 70 degrees
