Prenatal and Early Childhood Cognitive Development: Key Theories and Concepts, Lecture notes of Developmental Psychology

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Prenatal Development Robert Feldman Guilford Technical Community College PSY 241: Developmental Psychology Dr. Knight, MSW September 23, 2022

Vygotsky’s theory proposed that learning took place through guided participation with social interactions and mentors (Feldman, 2019). A development that he used was ZPD- zone of proximal development, this refers to the level where the child “almost gets it” although not quite there yet but with help from others they are able to learn. The dominant explanation for preschool cognitive development is called the information processing theory, this theory uses three components that follow a computer-model of storing information: encoding, storage and retrieval. The snuffle shuffle sesame street activity illustrated Vygotsky’s theory through the zone of proximal development and scaffolding. In the video the children are learning from the snuffleupaguse on how to exercise their snuffles, since the children do not have snuffles they do not quite know how to exercise them but through the teaching and demonstration of the snuffleupaguse they learn how to do the activity and how to “get it” on their own. Counting bats with the count: four activities deals with the information processing theory from showing abilities that are present from preschool years of age to doing simple addition/subtraction. In this activity the count asks what the number of the day is, he has to count the number of bats to figure out the number, there is a total count of three bats then one more appears which makes four total bats. At the very end when the balloons and confetti fall down he starts to lose count of the number of bats. This shows that through memories we encode when we determine the importance of something, therefore it shows that we are unlikely to remember before three years old with much accuracy. The protective insulation that surrounds parts of neutrons is called myelin, this is a structure in the brain that is related to the preschooler's growing cognitive abilities. This also

Moore, T. (2014, March 9). 6 Types of Play. YouTube. Retrieved September 22, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B0eoXJM9uB Sesame street: Preschool games, videos, & Coloring Pages to help kids grow smarter, Stronger & Kinder. Sesame Street | Preschool Games, Videos, & Coloring Pages to Help Kids Grow Smarter, Stronger & Kinder. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2022, from https://www.sesamestreet.org/videos