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An in-depth exploration of the design stages of a relational database system. It covers topics such as initiation, requirements analysis, conceptual design, physical design, implementation, and evaluation & review. The document also includes examples of entities, relationships, and data types, as well as discussions on aggregation, composition, and using generated keys.
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Customer
CustomerID LastName FirstName Phone Address City State ZIP Code
Name
Properties
Add Customer
Delete Customer
Methods (optional for database)
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Relational database: A collection of tables.
Table: A collection of columns (attributes) describing an entity. Individual objects are stored as rows of data in the table.
Property (attribute): a characteristic or descriptor of a class or entity.
Every table has a primary key. The smallest set of columns that uniquely identifies any row Primary keys can span more than one column (concatenated keys) We often create a primary key to insure uniqueness (e.g., CustomerID, Product#,.. .) called a surrogate key.
EmployeeID TaxpayerID LastName FirstName HomePhone Address 12512 888-22-5552 Cartom Abdul (603) 323-9893 252 South Street 15293 222-55-3737 Venetiaan Roland (804) 888-6667 937 Paramaribo Lane 22343 293-87-4343 Johnson John (703) 222-9384 234 Main Street 29387 837-36-2933 Stenheim Susan (410) 330-9837 8934 W. Maple
Employee
Properties
Rows/Objects
Primary key Class: Employee
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Entity: Something in the real world that we wish to describe or track. Class: Description of an entity, that includes its attributes (properties) and behavior (methods). Object: One instance of a class with specific data. Property: A characteristic or descriptor of a class or entity. Method: A function that is performed by the class. Association: A relationship between two or more classes.
Entity: Customer, Merchandise, Sales Class: Customer, Merchandise, Sale Object: Joe Jones, Premium Cat Food, Sale # Property: LastName, Description, SaleDate Method: AddCustomer, UpdateInventory, ComputeTotal Association: Each Sale can have only one Customer.
Pet Store Examples
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Employee Name ...
Component CompID Type Name
Product ProductID Type Name
EmployeeI D Name … 11 Joe Jones … 12 Maria Rio …
Product I D Type Name A3222 X32 Corvet t e A5411 B17 Camaro
EmployeeI D CompI d Product I D 11 563 A 11 872 A 11 563 A 11 872 A 12 563 A 12 882 A 12 888 A 12 883 A
CompI D Type Name 563 W32 Wheel 872 M15 Mirror 882 H 32 Door hinge 883 H 33 Trunk hinge 888 T54 Trunk handle
Assembly
Assembly EmployeeID CompID ProductID
Multiplicity is defined as the number of items that could appear if the other N-1 objects are fixed. Almost always “many.”
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Sale
SaleDate Employee
Item
Description Cost
Aggregation: the Sale consists of a set of Items being sold.
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Animal DateBorn Name Gender Color ListPrice
Mammal LitterSize TailLength Claws
Fish FreshWater ScaleCondition
Spider Venomous Habitat
{disjoint}
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Accounts AccountID CustomerID DateOpened CurrentBalance OpenAccount CloseAccount
Class name
Properties
Methods
Savings Accounts InterestRate
PayInterest
Checking Accounts MinimumBalance Overdrafts
BillOverdraftFees CloseAccount