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Some concept of Database Management Systems are Access Methods Layer, Basic Structure, Common Structures, Designing Systems, Join Processing, Modern Computers, Query Evaluation Techniques. Main points of this lecture are: Database Normalization, Database Design, Table, Fundamental Rules, Database, Create Normalized, Normal Form, Second Normal, Third Normal Form, Problems Exist
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Relational database: A collection of tables. Table: A collection of columns (attributes) describing an entity. Individual objects are stored as rows of data in the table. Property (attribute): a characteristic or descriptor of a class or entity. Every table has a primary key. The smallest set of columns that uniquely identifies any row Primary keys can span more than one column (concatenated keys) We often create a primary key to insure uniqueness (e.g., CustomerID, Product#,.. .) called a surrogate key.
EmployeeID TaxpayerID LastName FirstName HomePhone Address 12512 888-22-5552 Cartom Abdul (603) 323-9893 252 South Street 15293 222-55-3737 Venetiaan Roland (804) 888-6667 937 Paramaribo Lane 22343 293-87-4343 Johnson John (703) 222-9384 234 Main Street 29387 837-36-2933 Stenheim Susan (410) 330-9837 8934 W. Maple
Employee
Properties Rows/Objects
Primary key Class: Employee
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Orders
OrderItems
OrderID Date Customer 8367 5-5-04 6794 8368 5-6-04 9263
OrderID Item Quantity 8367 229 2 8367 253 4 8367 876 1 8368 555 4 8368 229 1
Atomic Values for Phone Numbers
CustomerID LastName FirstName Phone Fax CellPhone
15023 Jones Mary 222-3034 222-4094 223- 63478 Sanchez Miguel 030-9693 403-
94552 O’Reilly Madelline 849-4948 292-3332 139-
45791 Stein Marta 294-
49004 Brise Mer 764-
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CustomerID LastName FirstName 15023 Jones Mary 63478 Sanchez Miguel 94552 O’Reilly Madeline 45791 Stein Marta 49004 Brise Mer
CustomerID PhoneType Phone 15023 Land 222- 15023 Fax 222- 15023 Cell 223- 63478 Land 030- 63478 Fax 403- 94552 Land 849- 94552 Fax 292- 94552 Cell 139- 94552 Laptop 339- 45791 Land 294- 49004 Land 764-
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Sale ID Date
Customer First Name Last Name Address City, State ZIPCode ItemID Description List Price Quantity QOH Value
Total
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Initial Object Key Sample Properties
Customer Assign CustomerID Name Address Phone
Item Assign ItemID Description List Price Quantity On Hand
Sale Assign SaleID Sale Date
SaleItems SaleID + ItemID Quantity
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SaleForm(SaleID, SaleDate, CustomerID, FirstName, LastName, Address, City, State, ZIPCode, (ItemID, Description, ListPrice, Quantity, QuantityOnHand) )
SaleID Date CID FirstName LastName Address City State ZIP ItemID Description ListPrice Quantity QOH 11851 7/15 15023 Mary Jones 111 Elm Chicago IL 60601 15 27 32
Air Tank Regulator Mask 1557
2 1 1
15 5 6 11852 7/15 63478 Miguel Sanchez 222 Oro Madrid 15 33
Air Tank Mask 2020
4 1
15 3 11853 7/16 15023 Mary Jones 111 Elm Chicago IL 60601 41 75
Snorkel 71 Wet suit-S
2 1
15 3 11854 7/17 94552 Madeline O’Reilly 333 Tam Dublin 75 32 57
Wet suit-S Mask 1557 Snorkel 95
2 1 1
3 6 17
Repeating section Duplication Not atomic
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SaleForm(SaleID, SaleDate, CustomerID, FirstName, LastName, Address, City, State, ZIPCode, (ItemID, Description, ListPrice, Quantity, QuantityOnHand) )
SaleForm2(SaleID, SaleDate, CustomerID, FirstName, LastName, Address, City, State, ZIPCode)
SaleLine(SaleID, ItemID, Description, ListPrice, Quantity, QuantityOnHand)